- NAME
- SYNOPSIS
- DESCRIPTION
- RETURN VALUES
- NOTES
- SEE ALSO

# NAME

BIO_read, BIO_write, BIO_gets, BIO_puts - BIO I/O functions

# SYNOPSIS

     #include <openssl/bio.h>

     int    BIO_read(BIO *b, void *buf, int len);
     int    BIO_gets(BIO *b, char *buf, int size);
     int    BIO_write(BIO *b, const void *buf, int len);
     int    BIO_puts(BIO *b, const char *buf);

# DESCRIPTION

`BIO_read()` attempts to read len bytes from BIO b and places the data in buf.

`BIO_gets()` performs the BIOs ``gets'' operation and places the data in buf. Usually this operation will attempt to read a line of data from the BIO of maximum length len. There are exceptions to this however, for example `BIO_gets()` on a digest BIO will calculate and return the digest and other BIOs may not support `BIO_gets()` at all.

`BIO_write()` attempts to write len bytes from buf to BIO b.

`BIO_puts()` attempts to write a null terminated string buf to BIO b.

# RETURN VALUES

All these functions return either the amount of data successfully read or written (if the return value is positive) or that no data was successfully read or written if the result is 0 or -1. If the return value is -2 then the operation is not implemented in the specific BIO type.

# NOTES

A 0 or -1 return is not necessarily an indication of an error. In particular when the source/sink is non-blocking or of a certain type it may merely be an indication that no data is currently available and that the application should retry the operation later.

One technique sometimes used with blocking sockets is to use a system call (such as select(), `poll()` or equivalent) to determine when data is available and then call `read()` to read the data. The equivalent with BIOs (that is call `select()` on the underlying I/O structure and then call `BIO_read()` to read the data) should not be used because a single call to `BIO_read()` can cause several reads (and writes in the case of SSL BIOs) on the underlying I/O structure and may block as a result. Instead `select()` (or equivalent) should be combined with non blocking I/O so successive reads will request a retry instead of blocking.

See BIO_should_retry for details of how to determine the cause of a retry and other I/O issues.

If the `BIO_gets()` function is not supported by a BIO then it possible to work around this by adding a buffering BIO BIO_f_buffer to the chain.

# SEE ALSO

BIO_should_retry

TBA