%%\font\tenlogosl=logosl10
%%\def\logofont{\ifdim\fontdimen1\font>0pt \tenlogosl\else\tenlogo\fi}
%%\def\MF{{\logofont META}\-{\logofont FONT}}
%%\def\9{${\rm\%}}% print initial comments ragged right
%%
% Compiled 1991, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96 by K. Berry.  This file is not
% copyrighted and may be used freely.  You can retrieve the latest
% version as {\tt ftp://ftp.tug.org/tex/modes.mf}.
%
% Feel free to change the definitions of |localfont|, |screen_cols|,
% and |screen_rows| at the end of file (see explanations below).
%
% If you make a new |mode_def|, please send it to
% {\tt tex-fonts@mail.tug.org}.  See further discussion below.
%
% The mode definitions start at `Here are the modes', several hundred
% lines down.
%
% This file can be run through {\tt MFT} and \TeX\ to produce a nice
% pretty-printed listing, which currently runs to some 38 pages.
% You'll get some warning messages from \TeX, which can be safely
% ignored.  The resulting output should be ok nevertheless.
%
%%% input generate
%%% def mode_def
%%% end bye primitive_end_
%%% addto define_whole_vertical_blacker_pixels %%%% missing in plain.mft
%%% addto coding_scheme font_face_byte font_family %%%% like font_size
%%% addto BCPL_string mode_param mode_special_ mode_output_specials_
%%% true mode_common_setup_ mode_write_white_setup_ %%%% like mode_setup
%%% true landscape landscape_
%%% good mode_guard_ %%%% variable that take suffixes
%%%%
%%\begingroup \tt \catcode`\{=12 \catcode`\}=12 \obeyspaces
% @mffile{
%   author = "The Metafont community",
%   version = "3.2",
%   date = "Thu Nov  7 15:51:45 EST 1996"
%   filename = "modes.mf",
%   contact = "K. Berry",
%   email = "kb@mail.tug.org"
%   address = "135 Center Hill Rd. // Plymouth, MA 02360"
%   checksum = "2308   11424   83770",
%   codetable = "ISO/ASCII",
%   supported = "yes",
%   docstring = "
%%\endgroup
%
% This file is a collection of (putatively) all extant \MF\ modes.
%
% If you have a device which is not mentioned in this file, the best
% thing to do is try to find a device with similar resolution (search
% for the appropriate lines), and see if that suits (a list of fonts to
% try is given above). Otherwise, methods for fiddling with the
% parameters are described in detail below.
%
% Unfortunately, the number of modes eats up a lot of memory; if your
% \MF\ has not increased the table sizes, you may need to remove
% some of the modes from this file (please name it something else then,
% e.g., {\tt local.mf}). If you can suggest a way to redefine |mode_def|
% and/or |mode_setup|, even better; right now, the amount of memory
% used is approximately four times the length of the |mode_def| names.
%
% The primary names are intentionally all eight characters or less, and
% strictly lowercase. This makes it feasible to use them for portable
% directory names, and the \TeX\ Directory Structure standard recommends
% doing so. The synonyms are historical equivalents.
%
% It also makes definitions to put specials identifying the mode in
% the \MF\ GF output, and to put the coding scheme and
% other so-called Xerox-world information in the TFM output.
%
% It also defines a macro |landscape| that inverts |aspect_ratio| and
% changes |pixels_per_inch|, so you can say {\tt mode := whatever;
% landscape; ...} to get landscape fonts.  But I can't think of any
% reasonable way to reflect the |landscape| in the directory name, so
% there are also |mode_def|'s for the devices with non-square aspect
% ratios in landscape mode.
%
% Finally, it has some code to handle write-white devices better; this
% code comes into play if a |mode_def| includes the statement
% |mode_write_white_setup_;|. Such |mode_def|s should also define
% |blacker_min|.  For further discussion of write/white and white/black
% devices, see the file {\tt ftp://ftp.tug.org/tex/write-white},
% and also Pierre MacKay's article in the proceedings of the
% 1991 Raster Imaging and Digital Typography conference:
%
%%\begingroup \tt \catcode`\{=12 \catcode`\}=12 \obeyspaces
% @String{proc-RIDT91 = "Raster Imaging and Digital Typography II"}
% @String{pub-CUP = "Cambridge University Press"}
%
% @Inproceedings{Mackay:RIDT91-205,
%   author =       "Pierre A. MacKay",
%   title =        "Looking at the Pixels: Quality Control for 300 dpi
%                  Laser Printer Fonts, especially {\MF}s ",
%   pages =        "205--215",
%   crossref =     "Morris:RIDT91",
% }
%
% @Proceedings{Morris:RIDT91,
%   title =        proc-RIDT91,
%   booktitle =    proc-RIDT91,
%   year =         "1991",
%   editor =       "Robert A. Morris and Jacques Andr{\'e}",
%   publisher =    pub-CUP,
%   address =      pub-CUP:adr,
%   acknowledgement = ack-kb,
% }
%%\endgroup
%
% This file is typically loaded when making a \MF\ base; for example,
% the command line
%%\begingroup \tt \obeyspaces
%     inimf plain input modes dump
%%\endgroup
% makes a file {\tt plain.base} (or {\tt plain.bas}, or something like that)
% with all the modes herein defined (plain itself defines modes called
% |proof|, |smoke|, and |lowres|.)
%
% You can make the Computer Modern base with the command line:
%%\begingroup \tt \obeyspaces
%     inimf plain input modes input cmbase dump
%%\endgroup
% It's generally best to avoid doing this, since it's
% easy to forget to update them. Just using {\tt plain.base} is simplest.
%
% On Unix systems, you then install the base file in the system
% directory ({\tt /usr/local/lib/texmf/ini} as distributed) as {\tt mf.base}.
% \MF\ uses the name it was invoked as to determine the format
% or base file to read; thus running {\tt mf} reads {\tt mf.base}, running
% {\tt cmmf} reads {\tt cmmf.base}, and so on.  {\tt plain.base} and
% {\tt mf.base} should be the same file (either a hard or soft link
% is ok), so the examples in the {\sl \MF book\/} work.
%
% A user selects a particular mode when running \MF
% by assigning to the variable |mode|.  For example:
%%\begingroup \tt \obeyspaces
%     mf \char`\\mode:=cx; input cmr10
%%\endgroup
% sets up values appropriate for the CanonCX engine.
%
% If no mode is assigned, the default is |proof| mode, as stated in {\sl
% The \MF book}.  This is the cause of the ``{\tt .2602gf}'' files which
% are the subject of periodic questions.  The remedy is simply to assign
% a different mode---|localfont|, for example.
%
% Every site should define the mode |localfont| to be a synonym for the
% mode most commonly used.  This file defines |localfont| to be |ljfour|.
% The values for |screen_rows| and |screen_cols|, which determine how big
% \MF's window for online output is, should perhaps also be
% changed;  certainly individual users should change them to their
% own tastes.
%
% This file defines {\tt ?} to type out a list of all the known
% |mode_def|s (once only).
%
% Technically, a |mode_def| is a \MF\ definition that typically
% consists of a series of assignments to various device-specific variables,
% either primitive or defined in plain.  These variables include the
% following (page numbers refer to {\sl The \MF book\/}:
%
% |aspect_ratio|: the ratio of the vertical resolution to the horizontal
%   resolution (page 94).
%
% |blacker|: a correction added to the width of stems and similar
%   features, to account for devices which would otherwise make them
%   too light (page 93).  (Write-white devices are best handled by a more
%   sophisticated method than merely adding to |blacker|, as explained
%   above.)  Compare your results with a good high-resolution example,
%   such as one of the volumes of {\sl Computers \& Typesetting}.
%   If you compare against the output of a typical write-black 300$\,$dpi
%   engine, you will almost certainly wind up with something too dark.
%
% |fillin|: a correction factor for diagonals and other features which
%   would otherwise be ``filled in'' (page 94).  An ideal device would
%   have |fillin=0| (page 94). Negative values for |fillin| typically
%   have either gross effects or none at all, and should be avoided.
%   Positive values lighten a diagonal line, negative values darken it.
%   Changes in the |fillin| value tend to have abruptly non-linear effects
%   on the various design-sizes and magnifications of a typeface.
%
% |fontmaking|: if nonzero at the end of the job, \MF\ writes
%   a TFM file (page 315).
%
% |o_correction|: a correction factor for the ``overshoot'' of curves
%   beyond the baseline or x-height.  High resolution curves look better
%   with overshoot, so such devices should have |o_correction=1|; but
%   at low resolutions, the overshoot appears to simply be a distortion
%   (page 93).  Here some additional comments about |o_correction|,
%   courtesy of Pierre MacKay (edited by Karl):
%
%   At present, I find that |o_correction| works nicely at 80 pixels per
%   em, and gets increasingly disturbing as you move down towards 50
%   pixels per em. Below that I do not think it ought to happen at all.
%
%   The problem, of course, is that full |o_correction| is supposed to
%   occur only at the zenith and nadir of the curve of `o', which is
%   a small region at high resolution, but may be a long line of
%   horizontal pixels at medium resolution.  The full |o_correction|
%   does not change a 300$\,$dpi {\tt cmr10}, but it changes a 21-pixel
%   high {\tt cmr12} to be 23 pixels high.  The extra height and depth
%   is seen along a line of seven pixels at the bottom and five at
%   the top.  This is a pronounced overshoot indeed.
%
%   For high-resolution devices, such as phototypesetters, the values
%   for |blacker|, |fillin|, and |o_correction| don't matter all that much,
%   so long as the values are within their normal ranges: between
%   0 and 1, with the values approaching 0, 0, and 1 respectively.
%
% |pixels_per_inch|: the horizontal resolution; the \MF\ primitive
%   |hppp| (which is what determines the extension on the GF filename,
%   as among other things) is computed from this (page 94).  (An ``inch''
%   is 72.27$\,$pt in the \TeX\ world.)
%
%   To be more precise, you can determine the resolution of a font given
%   a |mode_def| and a magnification |m| by simply multiplying
%   |pixels_per_inch| for that |mode_def| by |m|.  (Your results may differ
%   from \MF's if you don't use equivalent fixed-point arithmetic.)
%   Then you can determine the number used in the name of the GF font
%   output by rounding.  For example, a font generated at |magstep(.5)|
%   (which is $\sqrt{1.2}$, which \MF\ computes as 1.09544) for a printer
%   with |pixels_per_inch=300| will have a resolution of 328.63312 dots
%   per inch, and the GF filename will include the number {\tt 329}.
%
% |proofing|: says whether to put additional specials in the GF file for
%   use in making proofsheets via, e.g., the utility program {\tt GFtoDVI}
%   (page 323--4).
%
% |tracingtitles|: if nonzero, strings that appear as \MF\ statements
%   are typed on the terminal (page 187).
%
% Pierre MacKay {\tt mackay@cs.washington.edu} has a collection of Unix
% tools to make up a minifont of indicator characters to help in testing.
%
% Neenie Billawala's article in the April 1987 issue of {\sl TUGboat}
% describes how to test your printer for the best set of values for the
% magic numbers above.  Here are some brief comments on the subject,
% courtesy of Rocky Bernstein and Paul Abrahams:
%
% For medium-to-low resolution devices, you can first set the |blacker|
% and |o_correction| to~0 and decide on a |fillin| value by looking at
% the diagonal of a lowercase `z' in {\tt cmtt10}, or various lines in
% LaTeX's {\tt line10} font. The diagonal should be the same thickness
% as the horizontal bars of the `z'. Then I decide on the |blacker|
% value, generally by checking the smaller fonts for too much filling
% in. Finally, you can set the |o_correction| using the guidelines
% suggested above.
%
% The easiest way to make a new |mode_def| is not by modifying this file
% and rebuilding your base file every time.  Instead, use a separate file
% that contains the appropriate values for the mode parameters and read
% it in when running \MF.  If you're using Dvips or another utility
% that calls {\tt MakeTeXPK} to make PK files, remember you'll have to call
% \MF\ explicitly to make fonts until you've rebuilt the base files.
%
% To use a separate mode file with \MF, use the following
% command line:
%%\begingroup \tt \obeyspaces
%    mf \char`\\smode:="newmode.mf"; mag:=magstep (2.0); input cmr10
%%\endgroup
% substituting whatever font and magnification you wish, or omitting
% the magnification altogether.
%
% The file {\tt newmode.mf} should contain lines like this (with no
% |mode_def| or |enddef|):
%%\begingroup \tt \catcode`\_=12 \obeyspaces
%    mode_param (pixels_per_inch, 100);
%    mode_param (blacker, 0);
%    mode_param (fillin, 0);
%    mode_param (o_correction, 1);
%    mode_common_setup_;
%%\endgroup
% changing the values as appropriate, of course.  Once you're satisfied
% with the parameters, use inimf as described below to rebuild and
% install the plain (and any other) base files.
%
% For more information on the use of |smode|, see page 269 of
% {\sl The \MF book}.
%
% Matt Swift has contributed a short \TeX\ file to help in testing new
% modes.  Remember to remove a leading |"%% "| from each line after
% extracting it.  (Only a single \% is shown in the printed version.)
% If you don't use this file for testing, please mention what fonts
% at what sizes you tested your new mode on.  This will help other
% people wondering where particular values came from.  Ideally,
% you would try normal, bold, and italic variants, at sizes around
% 5$\,$pt, 10$\,$pt and 15$\,$pt.
%
%%%% It seems too difficult to get the verbatim stuff right with MFT alone,
%%%% so why not quote the lines with `%%' and leave the processing to TeX?
%%%% The only drawback is that comment lines have to start with a blank,
%%%% since we have two stop MFT from interpreting them as `%%%' comments.
%%%% Therefore it seems best to quote every line with `%% ' consistently
%%%% to make it easier to extract them.
%%%%
%%%% This verbatim mode is from webman.tex, it assumes that no `?' appears
%%%% in the text being copied.  I've hacked it to insert a single `%' at
%%%% the start of each line, so that it looks like normal MFT comments.
%%%%
%%\def\verbatim{\begingroup \def\9{{\rm\%}}
%%  \def\do##1{\catcode`##1=12 } \dospecials
%%  \parskip 0pt \parindent 0pt
%%  \catcode`\ =13 \catcode`\^^M=13
%%  \tt \catcode`\?=0 \verbatimdefs \verbatimgobble}
%%{\catcode`\^^M=13{\catcode`\ =13\gdef\verbatimdefs{\def^^M{\ \par\9}\let =\ }} %
%%  \gdef\verbatimgobble#1^^M{\9}}
%%%%
%%\verbatim
%% % modetest.tex               -- a file to test a METAFONT mode
%% %
%% % by Matt Swift <swift@bu.edu>
%% %
%% % This file is in the public domain.
%% %
%% % \def\fileversion{v1.2}
%% % \def\filedate{1995/12/31}
%% %
%% % This LaTeX 2e file generates a test page useful for finding a good
%% % METAFONT mode for your printer.  It includes the most sensitive
%% % letters in three sizes and all standard CMR font shapes.
%% %
%% % I've made the macros abstract, and I think this file could easily
%% % be adapted to test modes for other METAFONT fonts, or simply font
%% % appearance in general.
%% %
%% % If you want to adapt this to a non-LaTeX format, the LaTeX-specific
%% % commands below that must be altered are \documentclass,
%% % \begin{document}, \end{document}, \makeatletter, \makeatother,
%% % \@for, \@setfontsize, \encodingdefault, \pagestyle, \normalfont,
%% % \rmfamily, \sffamily, \ttfamily, \mdseries, \bfseries, \upshape,
%% % \itshape, \scshape, and \slshape.
%%
%% \def\encodingdefault{T1}  % New "Cork" font encoding (dc fonts).
%% \def\encodingdefault{OT1} % Old font encoding (cm fonts).
%%
%% \documentclass{article}
%% \begin{document}
%%
%% % This line can be replaced (by, e.g., sed) to contain a mode name.
%%
%% ::Mode::
%%
%% \def\makesize#1#2#3{
%%   \expandafter\def\csname ptsize#1\endcsname{#2}
%%   \expandafter\def\csname blsize#1\endcsname{#3}
%% }
%%
%% %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
%% %  DEFINE HERE THE POINT SIZES with baselineskips you would like to test.  %
%% %  With the defaults of 5, 10, and 14 point sizes, everything will fit on  %
%% %  one page very easily.  Twocolumn would allow several more sizes.        %
%% %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
%%
%% \makesize {A}{5}{6}
%% \makesize {B}{10}{12}
%% \makesize {C}{14}{18}
%%
%% \def\sizelist{A,B,C}
%%
%% \def\letters{%
%% MoOzZffii-a\"egsS [/$\backslash$\par
%% }
%%
%% \makeatletter
%% \let\setfontsize\@setfontsize
%% \let\for\@for
%% \parindent\z@
%% \makeatother
%%
%% \pagestyle{empty}
%%
%% \def\showfonts{%
%% %
%% % The groups prevent warnings when intermediate fonts are not available.
%% %
%% {\rmfamily \mdseries \upshape \letters}  % allow no space before this
%%   {\rmfamily \mdseries \slshape \letters}
%%   {\rmfamily \mdseries \itshape \letters}
%%   {\rmfamily \mdseries \scshape \letters}
%%
%%   {\rmfamily \bfseries \upshape \letters}
%%   {\rmfamily \bfseries \slshape \letters}
%%   {\rmfamily \bfseries \itshape \letters}
%%
%%   {\sffamily \mdseries \upshape \letters}
%%   {\sffamily \mdseries \slshape \letters}
%%
%%   {\sffamily \bfseries \upshape \letters}
%%
%%   {\ttfamily \mdseries \upshape \letters}
%%   {\ttfamily \mdseries \slshape \letters}
%%   {\ttfamily \mdseries \itshape \letters}
%%   {\ttfamily \mdseries \scshape \letters}
%% }
%%
%% % The \expandafters expand \sizelist.
%% %
%% \expandafter   \for
%% \expandafter   \sizename
%% \expandafter   :%
%% \expandafter   =%
%%                \sizelist
%%   \do {\setfontsize {\sizename}
%%                     {\csname ptsize\sizename\endcsname}
%%                     {\csname blsize\sizename\endcsname}%
%%       \vskip 1ex\noindent
%%       \llap{\normalfont\csname ptsize\sizename \endcsname\,pt\quad}%
%%       \showfonts}
%%
%% \end{document}
%% % end of modetest.tex
%%?endgroup\par
%%%%
%%%% Not that anyone would recognize this as the end of the docstring...
%%\begingroup \tt \catcode`\{=12 \catcode`\}=12 \obeyspaces
%"
% }
%%\endgroup

% Don't let ourselves be processed twice.
if known modes_mf: endinput; fi;
modes_mf := 3.2;

% Identify ourselves in the format file.
base_version := base_version & "/modes 3.2";


%%\vfill\eject
% Here are useful macros (also called definitions) we use throughout.

% First, some comments about how the |mode_defs| are constructed (from
% {\tt rocky@panix.com}).  In the past, |mode_defs| unconditionally
% assigned a value to the various mode-dependent parameters.
% For example, they contained an assignment |fontmaking:=1|, which
% tells \MF\ to write a TFM file.
%
% But suppose you want to generate a font using all of the setup for
% some mode |m|, but do not want to generate a TFM? One could create
% another mode that doesn't have the assignment, but this seems a bit
% wasteful since the rest of the code in the mode would be duplicated.
% Furthermore, given the way the mode definitions were written, it was
% not possible to change the mode parameters.  To see why, I review how
% a \MF\ run typically works.
%
% First, \MF\ is invoked with some base file to load.  Then you might
% want give additional instructions, such as |scrollmode|, or |mode:=cx|.
% Next, you input a parameter file, say {\tt cmr10}.  The parameter file
% calls a driver file such as {\tt roman.mf} with the command
% |generate roman |.  Finally, the driver finishes with |bye| or |end|.
% Thus, any additional commands you give after the input of the
% parameter file are ignored.
%
% Usually, one of the first things a driver file does is to call
% |mode_setup|. It is here that the mode parameters are set.  (In our
% hypothetical mode, it would be here that |fontmaking| is assigned.)
%
% To allow a flexible setting of |fontmaking|, we can make a simple
% change: in the |mode_def|, first test to see if a value has been
% defined prior and only make the assignment if not. That is:
% |if unknown fontmaking: fontmaking := 1; fi|.
%
% Alas, this doesn't work.  Primitives, like |fontmaking|, are always
% |known|.  So instead we create ``guard'' variables, specifically,
% |mode_guard_.fontmaking|; we set the guard when we assign the
% parameter.  Then we test whether the guard is |known| before we
% actually do an assignment.  This allows more flexible definitions: you
% can specify some of the parameters, and keep the defaults for others.
%
% It is also possible to write a program that creates a |mode_def|
% on the fly. Although useful, this has a slightly different focus
% than starting with an existing |mode_def| and changing a couple
% of parameters. In particular, one still has to peek inside the
% file to see what the old values were and set them again (in the
% new context). Also, such on-the-fly |mode_def| generation programs
% are inherently less machine-independent than a scheme that does
% everything in \MF\ itself.
%
% The upshot of all this is the following: we say, e.g.,
% |mode_param (fontmaking, 1)| below, instead of using the assignment
% primitive directly.  The name (``|mode_param|'') is kept somewhat
% short because you can also use this to override a mode assignment
% on the command line or in response to the {\tt **} prompt.

def mode_param (suffix v) (expr e) =
  if unknown mode_guard_.v:
    v := e;
    mode_guard_.v := 1;
  fi
enddef;

% This macro is invoked by all the modes, after |pixels_per_inch|
% has been defined, thus saving some space and time.
def mode_common_setup_ =
  mode_param (proofing, 0);
  mode_param (fontmaking, 1);
  mode_param (tracingtitles, if pixels_per_inch > 700: 1 else: 0 fi);
enddef;


% In a similar spirit, here are definitions to change to ``landscape''
% mode.  You just say {\tt mode := whatever; landscape; ...},
% and when |mode_setup| is executed, the |aspect_ratio| will be
% inverted, and |pixels_per_inch| changed.
def landscape =
  extra_setup := extra_setup & "landscape_;"
enddef;

def landscape_ =
  begingroup
    interim warningcheck := 0;
    pixels_per_inch := aspect_ratio * pixels_per_inch;
    aspect_ratio := 1 / aspect_ratio;
    fix_units; % Too bad we can't do this after any |extra_setup|.
  endgroup
enddef;


% Here are macros to add specials with mode information to the GF file.
%
% Specifically, we add the |pixels_per_inch|, |o_correction|,
% |aspect_ratio| (if not 1), |mag|, |fillin|, and |mode_def| name.  This
% information can be used to automatically verify that a font file name
% matches the specification within the file.  For example, you could
% check that the number in the filename matches |mag*pixels_per_inch|.
% Or, if the |mode_def| name is part of the font directory path
% (e.g., you put fonts in {\tt .../tex/fonts/CanonCX}), that all of the
% bitmap files in the directory have the expected |mode_def| name.
def mode_special_ (suffix $) =
  string s, d;
  s := str $;
  d := decimal scantokens s;
  special s & "=" & d;
enddef;

def mode_output_specials_ =
  begingroup
    save d, s, p, p_p_i;
    string p;

    interim warningcheck := 0; % In case |pixels_per_inch>4096|.

    % We need the old |pixels_per_inch| to compute
    % the true device resolution.
    p_p_i = pixels_per_inch / mag;

    % But now we want to change |pixels_per_inch|,
    % so |save| the old value.
    save pixels_per_inch;
    pixels_per_inch := p_p_i;

    special "jobname=" & jobname;
    mode_special_ (mag);

    p := if string mode:
           mode
         else:
           substring (0, length (mode_name[mode]) - 1) of mode_name[mode]
         fi;
    special "mode=" & p;

    mode_special_ (pixels_per_inch);
    if aspect_ratio <> 1:
      mode_special_ (aspect_ratio);
    fi;
    mode_special_ (blacker);
    mode_special_ (fillin);
    mode_special_ (o_correction);
  endgroup
enddef;


% Here are macros for Xerox-world font info, which can be useful even
% if you never use a Xerox printer.  For instance, {\tt crudetype} uses
% the |coding_scheme| and it is nice to have the font family on record.
% This goes into both the TFM file (as |headerbyte| information), and
% into the GF file (as a |special|).

% Make the string |s| be |n| bytes long.
def BCPL_string (expr s, n) =
  for l := if length (s) >= n: n-1 else: length (s) fi: l
    for k := 1 upto l: , substring (k - 1, k) of s endfor
    for k := l + 2 upto n: , 0 endfor
  endfor
enddef;

% The string |s| names the encoding scheme, e.g., {\tt TeX text}.
def coding_scheme expr s =
  headerbyte 9: BCPL_string (s, 40);
  special "codingscheme=" & s
enddef;

% The string |s| names the font family, e.g., {\tt CMR}.
def font_family expr s =
  headerbyte 49: BCPL_string (s, 20);
  special "fontid=" & s
enddef;

% The integer |x| gives the family member number, which should be
% between 0 and 255.
def font_face_byte expr x =
  headerbyte 72: x;
  special "fontfacebyte";
  numspecial x
enddef;

% So users can say |if known Xerox_world: ... fi|, per {\sl The \MF book}.
Xerox_world := 1;

% Redefine |end| to put the extra information above in the GF and TFM
% files.  This code is based on that on page 321.
inner end;
let primitive_end_ = end;
def end =
  if fontmaking > 0:
    font_family font_identifier_;
    coding_scheme font_coding_scheme_;
    font_face_byte max (0, 254 - round 2designsize);
    mode_output_specials_;
  fi;
  primitive_end_
enddef;

% {\sl The \MF book} gives |bye| two different definitions (on pages
% 278 and 321). The first is used in {\tt plain.mf} and is merely
% a synoynym for the primitive |end|.  The second, which is not part
% of {\tt plain.mf}, is similar to the code given above. We want the
% extra information to get into the output files regardless of whether
% the \MF\ source used |end| or |bye|.  The above changed |end|;
% now we have to redefine |bye| again (as on page 278).
outer end, primitive_end_;
let bye = end;


% Here are macros to handle write-white devices.
%
% The basic correction for write-white fonts occurs in the definition
% of |font_setup|.  This can be used to extend or change the write-black
% definition in Computer Modern's {\tt cmbase.mf} or other base files
% based on CM, such as {\tt dxbase.mf}.  This has no effect at 1200$\,$dpi.
def mode_write_white_setup_ =
  newinternal blacker_min;
  def define_whole_blacker_pixels(text t) =
          forsuffixes $=t: $:=hround($.#*hppp+blacker);
                  if $ <=blacker_min-1: $:=blacker_min; fi endfor enddef;

  def define_whole_vertical_blacker_pixels(text t) =
          forsuffixes $=t: $:=vround($.#*hppp+blacker);
                  if $ <=blacker_min-1: $:=blacker_min _o_; fi endfor enddef;

  % Only do the above once, in case a font file (unnecessarily)
  % calls |mode_setup| more than once.
  let mode_write_white_setup_ = relax
enddef;


%%%% Continue to print block comments ragged right, but also check
%%%% if comments start with \[ indicating lines to be set flush right.
%%
%%\def\9{$\futurelet\next\doit}
%%\let\[=\relax
%%\def\doit{\ifx\next\[%
%%  \def\next{\hfill{\rm\%}}\else\def\next{{\rm\%}}\fi\next}
%%%%
%%\vfill\eject
% Here are the modes, given mostly in alphabetical order.

% From {\tt cudat@cu.warwick.ac.uk}.
mode_def agfafzz =                  %\[ AGFA 400PS (406dpi)
  mode_param (pixels_per_inch, 406);
  mode_param (blacker, .2);
  mode_param (fillin, 0);
  mode_param (o_correction, .6);
  mode_common_setup_;
enddef;
AgfaFourZeroZero := agfafzz;

% From {\tt picheral@univ-rennes1.fr}.
mode_def agfatfzz =                 %\[ AGFA P3400PS (400dpi)
  mode_param (pixels_per_inch, 400);
  cx_;
enddef;
AgfaThreeFourZeroZero := agfatfzz;

% From {\tt rokicki@neon.stanford.edu}.
mode_def amiga =                    %\[ Commodore Amiga (100dpi)
  mode_param (pixels_per_inch, 100);
  mode_param (blacker, 0);
  mode_param (fillin, 0);
  mode_param (o_correction, .2);
  mode_common_setup_;
enddef;
onezz := amiga;
OneZeroZero := amiga;

mode_def aps =                      %\[ Autologic APS-Micro5 (723dpi)
  mode_param (pixels_per_inch, 722.909);
  mode_param (blacker, .2);
  mode_param (fillin, .2);
  mode_param (o_correction, 1);
  mode_common_setup_;
enddef;

% From {\tt rocky@panix.com}.  Tested on the single APS-6 at IBM Research.
mode_def apssixhi =                 %\[ Autologic APS-Micro6 (1016dpi)
  mode_param (pixels_per_inch, 1016);
  mode_param (blacker, 0);
  mode_param (fillin, 0);
  mode_param (o_correction, 1);
  mode_common_setup_;
enddef;

% From {\tt ee@dacth51.bitnet}.
mode_def atariezf =                 %\[ Atari ST SLM 804 printer (300dpi)
  mode_param (pixels_per_inch, 300);
  mode_param (blacker, -.25);
  mode_param (fillin, .5);
  mode_param (o_correction, 0);
  mode_param (blacker_min, 2);
  mode_common_setup_;
  mode_write_white_setup_;
enddef;
AtariSLMEightZeroFour := atariezf;

% From {\tt W.Spit@fys.ruu.nl}.  {\tt N.Poppelier@elsevier.nl} says that
% different previewers use different resolutions (95$\,$dpi, 96$\,$dpi,
% or 101$\,$dpi), but no one seems to know what the real resolution is.
mode_def atarinf =                  %\[ Atari previewer (95dpi)
  mode_param (pixels_per_inch, 95);
  mode_param (blacker, 0);
  mode_param (fillin, 0);
  mode_param (o_correction, 0.1);
  mode_common_setup_;
enddef;
AtariNineFive := atarinf;

mode_def atarins =                  %\[ Atari previewer (96dpi)
  mode_param (pixels_per_inch, 96);
  mode_param (blacker, 0);
  mode_param (fillin, 0);
  mode_param (o_correction, 0.1);
  mode_common_setup_;
enddef;
AtariNineSix := atarins;

% From {\tt ee@dacth51.bitnet}.
mode_def atariotf =                 %\[ Atari ST SM 124 screen (101dpi)
  mode_param (pixels_per_inch, 101);
  mode_param (blacker, 0);
  mode_param (fillin, 0);
  mode_param (o_correction, .4);
  mode_common_setup_;
enddef;
AtariSMOneTwoFour := atariotf;

mode_def bitgraph =                 %\[ BBN Bitgraph (118dpi)
  mode_param (pixels_per_inch, 118);
  mode_param (blacker, .55);
  mode_param (fillin, .1);
  mode_param (o_correction, .3);
  mode_common_setup_;
enddef;

% From {\tt sjwright@cix.compulink.co.uk}, 9 February 1994.
mode_def bjtenex =                  %\[ Canon BubbleJet 10ex (360dpi)
  mode_param (pixels_per_inch, 360);
  mode_param (blacker, .6);
  mode_param (fillin, 0);
  mode_param (o_correction, .6);
  mode_common_setup_;
enddef;

mode_def boise =                    %\[ HP 2680A (180dpi)
  mode_param (pixels_per_inch, 180);
  mode_param (blacker, .55);
  mode_param (fillin, .1);
  mode_param (o_correction, .3);
  mode_common_setup_;
enddef;

% From {\tt Yves.Arrouye@imag.fr}.
mode_def canonbjc =                 %\[ Canon BJC-600 (360dpi)
  mode_param (pixels_per_inch, 360);
  mode_param (blacker, 0);
  mode_param (fillin, 0);
  mode_param (o_correction, .8);
  mode_common_setup_;
enddef;
CanonBJCSixZeroZero := canonbjc;

% From {\tt swartz@cs.wisc.edu}, 8 April 1993.  The straightforward
% mode with |blacker=0|, |fillin=0|, |o_correction=1| seems to
% work fine for the Canon EX engine inside Apple's LaserWriter Pro 630.
% It produces light, clear lines and type. But {\tt ajcarr@ccvax.ucd.ie}
% sent in the revised values below on 12 December 1993, tested on
% the major CM fonts at 5, 7, and 10$\,$pt and producing slightly
% better results.
mode_def canonex =                  %\[ LaserWriter Pro 630 (600dpi)
  mode_param (pixels_per_inch, 600);
  mode_param (blacker, .2);
  mode_param (fillin, .1);
  mode_param (o_correction, .85);
  mode_common_setup_;
enddef;
CanonEX := canonex;

mode_def canonlbp =                 %\[ Symbolics LGP-10 (240dpi)
  mode_param (pixels_per_inch, 240);
  mode_param (blacker, .2);
  mode_param (fillin, .2);
  mode_param (o_correction, .4);
  mode_common_setup_;
enddef;
CanonLBPTen := canonlbp;

% This is really 1301.5; MF produces 1301, so use that.
mode_def cg =                       %\[ Compugraphic 8600 (1301x1569dpi)
  mode_param (pixels_per_inch, 1301);
  mode_param (aspect_ratio, 1569 / pixels_per_inch);
  mode_param (blacker, .2);
  mode_param (fillin, .2);
  mode_param (o_correction, 1);
  mode_common_setup_;
enddef;
CompugraphicEightSixZeroZero := cg;

mode_def cgl =                      %\[ Compugraphic 8600 landscape (1569x1302dpi)
  cg_;
  landscape;
enddef;

% These values from Linotype Linotronic [13]00 modified to 1200$\,$dpi.
% From {\tt wagman\%muse.hepnet@Csa2.LBL.Gov}.
mode_def cgnszz =                   %\[ Compugraphic 9600 (1200dpi)
  mode_param (pixels_per_inch, 1200);
  mode_param (blacker, .65);
  mode_param (fillin, -.1);
  mode_param (o_correction, .5);
  mode_common_setup_;
enddef;
CompugraphicNineSixZeroZero := cgnszz;

% This has a resolution of |5333 + 1/3| pixels per inch.
mode_def crs =                      %\[ Alphatype CRS (5333dpi)
  mode_param (pixels_per_inch, 4000 + 4000/3);
  mode_param (blacker, 4);
  mode_param (fillin, 0);
  mode_param (o_correction, 1);
  mode_common_setup_;
enddef;

% This applies to the LaserWriter Plus, HP Laserjet, HP Laserjet Plus,
% and also the Canon LBP-LX engine, in the Laserjet IIP, QMS 410,
% and Apple Personal LaserWriter, and also to the CanonSX engine,
% in the LaserWriter II family.  And {\tt hammond@jila02.Colorado.EDU}
% says it works well for the ``enhanced-resolution'' LaserJet III.
% {\tt swartz@cs.wisc.edu} is developing a mode for the Canon EX engine
% inside an Apple Pro 630 printer.
mode_def cx =                       %\[ Canon CX, SX, LBP-LX (300dpi)
  mode_param (pixels_per_inch, 300);
  mode_param (blacker, 0);
  mode_param (fillin, .2);
  mode_param (o_correction, .6);
  mode_common_setup_;
enddef;
CanonCX := cx;
corona := cx;
dp := cx; % some kind of DataProducts
hplaser := cx;
imagen := cx;
kyocera := cx;
laserwriter := cx;
% I have seen a claim the LaserJet II was the Canon SX
% write-white engine, but I don't think that's right.
laserjethi := cx;
laserjet := cx;
% {\tt ogawa@orion.arc.nasa.gov} says that this is definitely not a
% write-white engine, despite earlier versions of this file claiming
% the contrary.  Thus, probably the same parameters as |cx| will do.
CanonSX := cx;
CanonLBPLX := cx;

% At least magstep 2 is recommended at this low resolution.
mode_def datadisc =                 %\[ DataDisc (70dpi)
  mode_param (pixels_per_inch, 70);
  mode_param (blacker, 0);
  mode_param (fillin, 0);
  mode_param (o_correction, .2);
  mode_common_setup_;
enddef;
DD := datadisc;

mode_def newdd =                    %\[ DataDisc (70x93dpi)
  mode_param (aspect_ratio, 4/3);
  datadisc_;
enddef;
DataDiscNew := newdd;

% From {\tt mcgrant@rascals.stanford.edu}.  True resolution is 98.2236
% by 102.4.  See comments for |DECsmall| just above.
mode_def declarge =                 %\[ DEC 19-inch, 1280 x 1024 (100dpi)
  mode_param (pixels_per_inch, 100);
  mode_param (blacker, 0);
  mode_param (fillin, 0);
  mode_param (o_correction, 0);
  mode_common_setup_;
enddef;
DEClarge := declarge;
elvira := declarge;

% From {\tt mcgrant@rascals.stanford.edu}.  True resolution is 78.1069
% by 86.0612, but a square aspect ratio works better; furthermore,
% Computer Modern isn't prepared to deal with fractional pixel values.
mode_def decsmall =                 %\[ DEC 17-inch, 1024 x 768 (82dpi)
  mode_param (pixels_per_inch, 82);
  mode_param (blacker, 0);
  mode_param (fillin, 0);
  mode_param (o_correction, 0);
  mode_common_setup_;
enddef;
DECsmall := decsmall;

% From {\tt fieberjr@whitman.bitnet}.
mode_def deskjet =                  %\[ HP DeskJet 500 (300dpi)
  mode_param (pixels_per_inch, 300);
  mode_param (blacker, 0);
  mode_param (fillin, 0);
  mode_param (o_correction, .6);
  mode_common_setup_;
enddef;
HPDeskJet := deskjet;

% From {\tt stsmith@ll.mit.edu}, 10 May 93.
% With |fillin=0|, the diagonal of {\tt cmtt10}'s `z' is too thin.
% |blacker=.8| too thin, 2 too thick.
mode_def docutech =                 %\[ Xerox 8790 or 4045 (600dpi)
  mode_param (pixels_per_inch, 600);
  mode_param (blacker, 1);
  mode_param (fillin, .1);
  mode_param (o_correction, 0.9);
  mode_common_setup_;
enddef;
XeroxDocutech := docutech;

% From {\tt waits.mf}.
mode_def dover =                    %\[ Xerox Dover (384dpi)
  mode_param (pixels_per_inch, 384);
  mode_param (blacker, 1.2);
  mode_param (fillin, 0);
  mode_param (o_correction, .6);
  mode_common_setup_;
enddef;

% {\tt ghibo@galileo.polito.it}, for the Amiga ShowDVI previewer.
mode_def eighthre =                 %\[ EightThree (83dpi)
 mode_param (pixels_per_inch, 83);
 mode_param (blacker, 0);
 mode_param (fillin, 0);
 mode_param (o_correction, .2);
 mode_common_setup_;
enddef;
EightThree := eighthre;

% From {\tt metcalf@catfish.LCS.MIT.EDU}, 5 Dec 1992.
mode_def epsdrft =                  %\[ Epson (120x72dpi)
  mode_param (pixels_per_inch, 120);
  mode_param (aspect_ratio, 72 / pixels_per_inch);
  epson_;
enddef;
epsdraft := epsdrft;

mode_def epsdrftl =                 %\[ Epson (72x120dpi)
  epsdrft_;
  landscape;
enddef;

% From {\tt metcalf@catfish.LCS.MIT.EDU}, 5 Dec 1992.
mode_def epsfast =                  %\[ Epson (60x72dpi)
  mode_param (pixels_per_inch, 60);
  mode_param (aspect_ratio, 72 / pixels_per_inch);
  epson_;
enddef;

mode_def epsfastl =                 %\[ Epson (72x60dpi)
  epsfast_;
  landscape;
enddef;

% These values from Charles Karney, {\sl TUGboat} 8(2), page 133.  This
% is for the Epson MX/FX family (-85, -286), which are 9-pin printers.
% The 24-pin LQ family have higher resolutions; no one has sent me
% definitions for them yet.  Ditto for Epson's laser printer.
% (Thanks to {\tt cargo@escargot.cray.com} for all this information.)
mode_def epson =                    %\[ 9-pin Epson MX/FX (240x216dpi)
  mode_param (pixels_per_inch, 240);
  mode_param (aspect_ratio, 216 / pixels_per_inch);
  mode_param (blacker, 0);
  mode_param (fillin, 0);
  mode_param (o_correction, .2);
  mode_common_setup_;
enddef;
EpsonMXFX := epson;
epshi := epson;
epsonfx := epson;

mode_def epsonl =                   %\[ 9-pin Epson MX/FX landscape (216x240dpi)
  epson_;
  landscape;
enddef;

% From {\tt sdh@po.cwru.edu}, 6 September 93.
% The modes |cx| and |HPLaserJetIIISi| are too spindly.
% This works (not awesome, o's and e's are slightly taller than
% they should be in large pt. fonts) on my Epson Action Laser 1500
% with LaserJetIIIsi emulation and RITech (Epson's Resolution
% Enhancement).  It might work for the model 1000 or some HP's.
mode_def epsonact =                 %\[ Epson Action Laser 1500 (300dpi)
  mode_param (pixels_per_inch, 300);
  mode_param (blacker, .8);
  mode_param (fillin, 0);
  mode_param (o_correction, 0.95);
  mode_common_setup_;
enddef;
EpsonAction := epsonact;

% Corrected to 216$\,$dpi vertically, 5 Dec 1992.
% From {\tt metcalf@catfish.LCS.MIT.EDU}.
mode_def epsonlo =                  %\[ Epson (120x216dpi)
  mode_param (pixels_per_inch, 120);
  mode_param (aspect_ratio, 216 / pixels_per_inch);
  epson_;
enddef;
epslo := epsonlo;

mode_def epsonlol =                 %\[ Epson landscape (216x120dpi)
  epsonlo_;
  landscape;
enddef;

% From {\tt Sebastian\_Kirsch@kl.maus.de}, 19 April 1996.  In comparison
% to some postscript fonts, the characters seemed to light with blacker
% 0, but much too heavy with a blacker greater than 1. I tried blacker
% .6 and finally settled for .7. All the other values are rather
% fictional, I didn't really test them out.
mode_def epsonsq =                  %\[ Epson SQ 870 (360dpi)
  mode_param (proofing, 0)
  mode_param (pixels_per_inch, 360);
  mode_param (blacker, .7);
  mode_param (fillin, .2);
  mode_param (o_correction, .9);
  mode_common_setup_;
enddef;
EpsonSQEightSevenZero := epsonsq;

% Following three modes from {\tt marc@mpi.nl} (Marc Fleischeuers).
% I could not quite get the `z' diagonal to get as thin as the
% horizontal lines, even pushing |fillin| up to 0.8. This printer tends
% to make things lighter on lower resolutions so I compensate a little
% with increasing |blacker|. But not all the way, as this would fill in
% the little holes in the `e' and `s' at 5$\,$pt. Otherwise it's pretty
% cool, not as crisp as an |ljfour| but better than most inkjets I've seen.
mode_def epstypro =                 %\[ Epson Stylus Pro (360dpi)
  mode_param (pixels_per_inch, 360);
  mode_param (blacker, 0.2);
  mode_param (fillin, 0.8);
  mode_param (o_correction, 0);
  mode_common_setup_;
enddef;
EpsonStylusPro := epstypro;

mode_def epstyplo =                 %\[ Epson Stylus Pro (180dpi)
  mode_param (pixels_per_inch, 180);
  mode_param (blacker, .35);
  mode_param (fillin, 0.8);
  mode_param (o_correction, 0);
  mode_common_setup_;
enddef;
EpsonStylusProLow := epstyplo;

% Good time saver, almost as good as 720x720 but a lot faster.
mode_def epstypmd =                 %\[ Epson Stylus Pro (720x360dpi)
  mode_param (pixels_per_inch, 720);
  mode_param (aspect_ratio, 360 / pixels_per_inch);
  mode_param (blacker, 0);
  mode_param (fillin, 0.8);
  mode_param (o_correction, 0);
  mode_common_setup_;
enddef;
EpsonStylusProMed := epstypmd;

mode_def esphi =                    %\[ Epson Stylus Pro (720dpi)
  mode_param (pixels_per_inch, 720);
  mode_param (blacker, 0);
  mode_param (fillin, 0.8);
  mode_param (o_correction, 1);
  mode_common_setup_;
enddef;
EpsonStylusProHigh = esphi;

% From {\tt Tobias.Guenzler@uni-konstanz.de}, 8 December 1994.
%
% The |blacker| parameter is the most critical; changing |o_correction|
% has lesser effect, and may also be increased or decreased somewhat.
% I tested this by comparing output with printouts of a HP LaserJet
% printer using the LJ fonts. This printer had the fancy resolution
% enhancement feature (RET) which makes the pixel steps almost
% invisible. I did most of the comparision with {\tt cmr12}, {\tt cmbx12},
% {\tt cmr12} magstep2 and {\tt cmss9}.
%
% The Stylus printer is a ink printer, but it works with a piezo drive
% instead of a bubble jet. This may be the reason why it draws its lines
% very tiny and thin. At least the pixel diameters are very sharp and
% they are far away from that bulky dots produced by the needles of
% a NEC P6.
mode_def epstylus =                 %\[ Epson Stylus (360dpi)
  mode_param (pixels_per_inch, 360);
  mode_param (blacker, .35);
  mode_param (fillin, 0);
  mode_param (o_correction, .8);
  mode_common_setup_;
enddef;

% {\tt ghibo@galileo.polito.it}, for the Amiga ShowDVI previewer.
mode_def fourfour =                 %\[ FourFour (44dpi)
 mode_param (pixels_per_inch, 44);
 mode_param (blacker, 0.05);
 mode_param (fillin, .1);
 mode_param (o_correction, .2);
 mode_common_setup_;
enddef;
FourFour := fourfour;

% From {\tt drstrip@intvax.uucp}.
% Revised by {\tt dak@pool.informatik.rwth-aachen.de}, 24 May 1994.
mode_def gtfax =                    %\[ G3fax (204x196dpi)
  mode_param (pixels_per_inch, 204);
  mode_param (aspect_ratio, 196 / pixels_per_inch);
  mode_param (blacker, 0);
  mode_param (fillin, .2);
  mode_param (o_correction, .2);
  mode_common_setup_;
enddef;
GThreefax := gtfax;
gtfaxhi := GThreefax;

mode_def gtfaxl =                   %\[ G3fax landscape (196x204dpi)
  gtfax_;
  landscape;
enddef;

% From {\tt dak@pool.informatik.rwth-aachen.de}, 24 May 1994.
mode_def gtfaxlo =                  %\[ G3fax (204x98dpi)
  mode_param (pixels_per_inch, 204);
  mode_param (aspect_ratio, 98 / pixels_per_inch);
  gtfax_;
enddef;

mode_def gtfaxlol =                 %\[ G3fax landscape (98x204dpi)
  gtfaxlo_;
  landscape;
enddef;

% {\tt ron@mlfarm.com}, 30 October 1995.
mode_def highfax =                  %\[ G3fax (200dpi)
  mode_param (pixels_per_inch, 200);
  mode_param (blacker, 0);
  mode_param (fillin, .2);
  mode_param (o_correction, .2);
  mode_common_setup_;
enddef;
hifax := highfax;

% {\tt brumski+@osu.edu}, 27 August 1993.
mode_def hprugged =                 %\[ HP RuggedWriter 480 (180dpi)
  mode_param (pixels_per_inch, 180);
  mode_param (blacker, .55);
  mode_param (fillin, .1);
  mode_param (o_correction, .3);
  mode_common_setup_;
enddef;

% Some general comments on the IBM printers, courtesy of {\tt rocky@panix.com}.
%
% IBM 3820's, 3825's, 3827's and 3835's have some sort of corner imaging
% or shading that the IBM 3812's and 3816's don't.  The latter two models
% may get this feature in the future.
%
% The IBM 3827 is made by Kodak, the rest are IBM engines.
%
% Some of the other printers have a knob that allows a service engineer
% to set one of up to ten levels of darkness.  At IBM Research, we run
% very black.  The service engineer sets the level by running a completely
% black page and then two completely blank ones. The black page
% must be black and the following two must be completely white.
%
% Thanks to Jim Hafner ({\tt hafner@ibm.com}) for experimenting with
% |blacker|, and Paul Dantzig for information about these printers.

% From {\tt ARNALDO@RIOSC.bitnet}.  This is for the 3820, but can be used
% for 3812, 3816, 3825, 3837 3800 and 3827 printers (these are all
% 240$\,$pels IBM printers that use the same font format when driven
% by PSF/VM).
mode_def ibm_a =                    %\[ IBM 38xx (240dpi)
  mode_param (pixels_per_inch, 240);
  mode_param (blacker, .35);
  mode_param (fillin, -.2);
  mode_param (o_correction, .2);
  mode_common_setup_;
enddef;

% From {\tt rocky@panix.com}.  For the typewriter, slanted, and italic
% fonts, |blacker=0| makes the `M's and `W's more legible.  But then
% the weight of the font does not match the others.
mode_def ibmd =                     %\[ IBM 38xx (240dpi)
  mode_param (pixels_per_inch, 240);
  mode_param (blacker, .3);
  mode_param (fillin, .4);
  mode_param (o_correction, .75);
  mode_common_setup_;
enddef;

% These values from {\tt melvin@math.psu.edu}.
mode_def ibmega =                   %\[ IBM EGA monitor (96x81dpi)
  mode_param (pixels_per_inch, 96);
  mode_param (aspect_ratio, .841);
  mode_param (blacker, .3);
  mode_param (fillin, 0);
  mode_param (o_correction, 0);
  mode_common_setup_;
enddef;

mode_def ibmegal =                  %\[ IBM EGA monitor landscape (81x96dpi)
  ibmega_;
  landscape;
enddef;

% From {\tt sperber@provence.informatik.uni-tuebingen.de}, 30 October 1993.
% The difference of 0.1 in |blacker| really does make a difference.
mode_def ibmfzon =                  %\[ IBM 4019 (300dpi)
  mode_param (pixels_per_inch, 300);
  mode_param (blacker, .1);
  mode_param (fillin, 0);
  mode_param (o_correction, .75);
  mode_param (blacker_min, 2);
  mode_common_setup_;
  mode_write_white_setup_;
enddef;
IBMFourZeroOneNine := ibmfzon;

% From {\tt rocky@panix.com}.  The print engine is made by Lexmark.  The
% printing person I asked, Paul Dantzig, says that the print quality of
% the 4019 is fairly regular. Unlike the IBM 4216's, to his knowledge
% only there is only one print engine by Lexmar has been ever used in
% the 4019. And unlike the IBM 4029, there are not knobs on the inside
% that would permit one to adjust the blacker to ones taste.
%
% While both RicohA and cx modes settings are acceptable, it looks
% to me that the RicohA fonts are superior.  I base this judgement on
% tops and bottoms of curves on {\tt cmr10} such as `S', `U' `e' `o' and
% the apostrophes. This effect is especially noticeable in a small font
% like {\tt cmr6}.
%
% If you want to experiment with another setting, I'd start with |RicohA|
% and set |blacker| to .1 or 0 instead of .2 but definitely keep
% |mode_write_white_setup_|; I'd leave |fillin| and |o_correction| unchanged.

% From {\tt vumalki\%weizmann.weizmann.ac.il@taunivm.tau.ac.il}
% and {\tt plotkin@theory.stanford.edu}.
mode_def ibmfztn =                  %\[ IBM 4029-30, 4250 (600dpi)
  mode_param (pixels_per_inch, 600);
  mode_param (blacker, .05);
  mode_param (fillin, 0);
  mode_param (o_correction, .75);
  mode_common_setup_;
enddef;
IBMFourZeroTwoNine := ibmfztn;
IBMFourTwoThreeZero := ibmfztn;
IBMFourTwoFiveZero := ibmfztn;

% From Rick Simpson via {\tt erikjan@icce.rug.nl}.
mode_def ibmpp =                    %\[ IBM ProPrinter (240x216dpi)
  mode_param (pixels_per_inch, 240);
  mode_param (aspect_ratio, 216 / pixels_per_inch);
  mode_param (blacker, 0);
  mode_param (fillin, .2);
  mode_param (o_correction, 1);
  mode_common_setup_;
enddef;
IBMProPrinter := ibmpp;
proprinter := IBMProPrinter;

mode_def ibmppl =                   %\[ IBM ProPrinter (216x240dpi)
  ibmpp_;
  landscape;
enddef;

% From Rick Simpson via {\tt erikjan@icce.rug.nl}.  Also gave values
% of zero for |blacker|, |fillin|, and |o_correction|.
mode_def ibmsoff =                  %\[ IBM 6154 display (118dpi)
  mode_param (pixels_per_inch, 118);
  mode_param (blacker, .8);
  mode_param (fillin, .2);
  mode_param (o_correction, 1);
  mode_common_setup_;
enddef;
IBMSixOneFiveFour := ibmsoff;

% From {\tt rocky@panix.com}.  This is an old, untested definition.
mode_def sherpa =                   %\[ IBM 6670 (Sherpa) (240dpi)
  mode_param (pixels_per_inch, 240);
  mode_param (blacker, 1);
  mode_param (blacker_min, 2);
  mode_param (fillin, 1);
  mode_param (o_correction, .5);
  mode_common_setup_;
  mode_write_white_setup_;
enddef;
IBMSixSixSevenZero := sherpa;

% From {\tt vumalki\%weizmann.weizmann.ac.il@taunivm.tau.ac.il}.
mode_def ibmteot =                  %\[ IBM 3812 (240dpi)
  mode_param (pixels_per_inch, 240);
  mode_param (blacker, .6);
  mode_param (blacker_min, 2);
  mode_param (fillin, .4);
  mode_param (o_correction, 0);
  mode_common_setup_;
  mode_write_white_setup_;
enddef;
IBMThreeEightOneTwo := ibmteot;
IBMUlfHolleberg := IBMThreeEightOneTwo;

% These values from {\tt d\_webb@chcc.harwell.aea-technology.uk}.
mode_def ibmtetz =                  %\[ IBM 3820 (240dpi)
  mode_param (pixels_per_inch, 240);
  mode_param (blacker, .78);
  mode_param (fillin, .25);
  mode_param (o_correction, .5);
  mode_common_setup_;
enddef;
IBMThreeEightTwoZero := ibmtetz;

% From {\tt x92@vm.urz-uni-heidelberg.de} via {\tt schoepf@sc.zib-berlin.de}.
mode_def ibmtont =                  %\[ IBM 3193 screen (100dpi)
  mode_param (pixels_per_inch, 100);
  mode_param (blacker, 0);
  mode_param (fillin, 0);
  mode_param (o_correction, 0);
  mode_common_setup_;
enddef;
IBMThreeOneNineThree := ibmtont;

% From {\tt x92@vm.urz-uni-heidelberg.de} via {\tt schoepf@sc.zib-berlin.de}.
mode_def ibmtosn =                  %\[ IBM 3179 screen (87x65dpi)
  mode_param (pixels_per_inch, 87);
  mode_param (aspect_ratio, 0.75);
  mode_param (blacker, 0);
  mode_param (fillin, 0);
  mode_param (o_correction, 0);
  mode_common_setup_;
enddef;
IBMThreeOneSevenNine := ibmtosn;

mode_def ibmtosnl =                 %\[ IBM 3179 screen landscape (65x87dpi)
  ibmtosn_;
  landscape;
enddef;

% These values from {\tt d\_webb@chcc.harwell.aea-technology.uk}.
% {\tt melvin@math.psu.edu} thinks |pixels_per_inch=96| might be better.
mode_def ibmvga =                   %\[ IBM VGA monitor (110dpi)
  mode_param (pixels_per_inch, 110);
  mode_param (blacker, .3);
  mode_param (fillin, 0);
  mode_param (o_correction, 0);
  mode_common_setup_;
enddef;

% The Chelgraph IBX is the machine introduced to North American \TeX\
% users by Type~2000 in Mill Valley, California; telephone (415)~388-8873.
% Since the machine's stated output resolution is only 2000$\,$dpi
% this truly spectacular 9600$\,$dpi must be used for translation to
% an outline font description.  This has been tested and used in a
% publication of the University of Washington Press.  These values
% from Pierre MacKay, based on Lance Carnes' crs values, at magstep~1.8.
mode_def ibx =                      %\[ Chelgraph IBX (9600dpi)
  mode_param (pixels_per_inch, 4000 + 4000 + 1600);
  mode_param (blacker, 4);
  mode_param (fillin, 0);
  mode_param (o_correction, 1);
  mode_common_setup_;
enddef;
ChelgraphIBX := ibx;

% From {\tt local.mf} via {\tt cudat@cu.warwick.ac.uk}.
mode_def itoh =                     %\[ CItoh 8510A (160x144dpi)
  mode_param (pixels_per_inch, 160);
  mode_param (aspect_ratio, 144 / pixels_per_inch);
  mode_param (blacker, 0);
  mode_param (fillin, 0);
  mode_param (o_correction, .1);
  mode_common_setup_;
enddef;
CItohEightFiveOneZero := itoh;

mode_def itohl =                    %\[ CItoh 8510A landscape (144x160dpi)
  itoh_;
  landscape;
enddef;

% From {\tt rokicki@cs.umb.edu}.
mode_def itohtoz =                  %\[ CItoh 310 (240x144dpi)
  mode_param (pixels_per_inch, 240);
  mode_param (aspect_ratio, 144 / pixels_per_inch);
  mode_param (blacker, 0);
  mode_param (fillin, 0);
  mode_param (o_correction, .2);
  mode_common_setup_;
enddef;
citohtoz := itohtoz;
CItohThreeOneZero := itohtoz;
cthreeten := itohtoz;

mode_def itohtozl =                 %\[ CItoh 310 landscape (144x240dpi)
  itohtoz_;
  landscape;
enddef;

% Perhaps the value for |fillin| should be 0.
mode_def iw =                       %\[ Apple ImageWriter (144dpi)
  mode_param (pixels_per_inch, 144);
  mode_param (blacker, 0);
  mode_param (fillin, 0.3);
  mode_param (o_correction, .2);
  mode_common_setup_;
enddef;
imagewriter := iw;

% From {\tt stsmith@ll.mit.edu}, 20 August 93.
% The mode |cx| is too spindly.
mode_def jetiiisi =                 %\[ HP Laser Jet IIISi (300dpi)
  mode_param (pixels_per_inch, 300);
  mode_param (blacker, .2);
  mode_param (fillin, 0);
  mode_param (o_correction, .7);
  mode_common_setup_;
enddef;
HPLaserJetIIISi := jetiiisi;

% From John Sauter.
mode_def lasf =                     %\[ DEC LA75 (144dpi)
  mode_param (pixels_per_inch, 144);
  mode_param (blacker, .3);
  mode_param (fillin, -.1);
  mode_param (o_correction, 0);
  mode_common_setup_;
enddef;
LASevenFive := lasf;

% Michael Covington's ({\tt mcovingt@ai.uga.edu}) definition for the
% Lexmark Optra R (4049), reflecting a taste for a heavier than
% normal rendition of the Computer Modern fonts.
%
% You may prefer a lesser value of blacker (down to maybe 1.0).
% Initially tested on 10, 12, 17-point CMR and 10-point math italic.
%
% While we're talking about the Optra R, here's another useful fact:
% it takes 32-bit-wide 72-pin SIMMs, 70 or 80 ns.  Contrary to the
% documentation, you do not have to use IBM's special SIMMs. On the
% whole, it's a superb printer, 1200$\,$dpi PostScript for $<\$1500$.
mode_def lexmarkr =                 %\[ IBM Lexmark Optra R 4049 (1200dpi)
  mode_param (pixels_per_inch, 1200);
  mode_param (blacker, 3);
  mode_param (fillin, 0);
  mode_param (o_correction, 1);
  mode_common_setup_;
enddef;
LexmarkOptraR := lexmarkr;

mode_def linolo =                   %\[ Linotype Linotronic [13]00 (635dpi)
  mode_param (pixels_per_inch, 635);
  linoone_;
enddef;
LinotypeOneZeroZeroLo := linolo;
linohalf := LinotypeOneZeroZeroLo;

% Mode for Linotype Linotronic L-330 with a RIP-50 raster.
% From: Steven T. Smith {\tt stsmith@ll.mit.edu}, 26 October 95.
mode_def linolttz =                 %\[ Linotronic L-300 with RIP-50 (3386dpi)
  mode_param (pixels_per_inch, 3386);
  mode_param (blacker, 0);
  mode_param (o_correction, 1);
  mode_param (fillin, 0);
  mode_common_setup_;
enddef;
LinotypeLThreeThreeZero := linolttz;

% These values from {\tt d\_webb@chcc.harwell.aea-technology.uk}.
% The `a' in {\tt cmr5} looks better with |blacker=.3|.  Values of .2
% for both |blacker| and |fillin| have also been used.
mode_def linoone =                  %\[ Linotronic [13]00 (1270dpi)
  mode_param (pixels_per_inch, 1270);
  mode_param (blacker, .65);
  mode_param (o_correction, 1);
  mode_param (fillin, -.1);
  mode_common_setup_;
enddef;
LinotypeOneZeroZero := linoone;
linohi := LinotypeOneZeroZero;
linothreelo := LinotypeOneZeroZero;

% These values from {\tt d\_webb@chcc.harwell.aea-technology.uk}.
mode_def linotzzh =                 %\[ Linotype Linotronic 300 (2540dpi)
  mode_param (pixels_per_inch, 2540);
  mode_param (blacker, .2);                % Copied from |aps|---conjectural.
  mode_param (fillin, .2);                 % (ditto)
  mode_param (o_correction, 1);            % (ditto)
  mode_common_setup_;
enddef;
linothree := linotzzh;
LinotypeThreeZeroZeroHi := linotzzh;
linosuper := linotzzh;

% (From Matt Swift {\tt swift@bu.edu}, 1 Jan 1996.) This is a mode for
% the HP LaserJet 5P, using dvipsk-5.58f and gs-2.6.2.  I tuned it using
% the file modetest.tex.  The first sweep was (b,f,o) = (0, {0, .3, .6},
% 0).  The diagonal of 10$\,$pt lowercase z was too thin at .6, too thick
% at 0.  The second sweep was ({.4, .5, .6, .7}, .3, 0). At .6, the 5$\,$pt
% small-cap lower-case A was on the verge of being filled in, but .6 is
% a reasonable value.  Blacker .4 looked a little spindly for many of
% the 5$\,$pt fonts, especially italic and small-cap.  The next sweep was
% (.5, .3, {0, .4, .7, 1}).  The sides of the 14$\,$pt upper-case O
% (especially roman and small-cap) are relatively fatter with
% o-correction 0 as opposed to 1. Almost every other mode for 600$\,$dpi
% printers has 1, so I'm going with that.
mode_def ljfive =                   %\[ HP LaserJet 5 (600dpi)
  mode_param (pixels_per_inch, 600);
  mode_param (blacker, .75);
  mode_param (fillin, .3);
  mode_param (o_correction, 1);
  mode_common_setup_;
enddef;
laserjetfive := ljfive;

% From Michael Neuhauser {\tt neuhauser@eiunix.tuwien.ac.at}.  This is a
% mode for HP LaserJet 5MP. I started with ljfive and found the Computer
% Modern fonts much too black.  Therefore I experimented with different
% values of |blacker| to find .4 to be best.
mode_def ljfivemp =                 %\[ HP LaserJet 5MP (600 dpi)
  mode_param (pixels_per_inch, 600);
  mode_param (blacker, .4);
  mode_param (fillin, .3);
  mode_param (o_correction, 1);
  mode_common_setup_;
enddef;
laserjetfivemp := ljfivemp;
% There have been many modes for the LaserJet 4. The current values were
% found by {\tt kb@mail.tug.org} to be reasonable on a LaserJet 4MP
% (at the default density setting, with resolution enhacement enabled).
% I don't intend to change them again (unless someone convinces me
% that they are truly mistaken in some way), although I would consider adding
% different modes for other LaserJet 4 printers, if people contribute them.
%
% ({\tt cthiele@ccs.carleton.ca} gets better results with the density
% setting on the printer at 4, instead of 3.)
%
% The first LaserJet 4 mode came from {\tt tonnie@ctrl.phys.tue.nl},
% 13 January 1993, with |blacker=0|, |fillin=0|, and |o_correction=.6|.
% (This definition was forwarded to me by Barbara Beeton, and was
% intended to be preliminary.)
%
% {\tt fj@iesd.auc.dk} says that |IBMFourZeroTwoNine| works fine.
%
% {\tt mbr@research.nj.nec.com} supplied another set of values:
% |blacker=.6|, |fillin=0|, and |o_correction=1|.  He writes:
% I've tested it extensively at 10$\,$pt and 12$\,$pt in both roman, italic,
% and bold, and I've checked all the standard smaller sizes (5, 6, 7, 8,
% and 9$\,$pt).  Works reasonably well on both the LaserJet 4 and the 4si,
% although characters come out somewhat lighter on the 4si.  Assumes
% that the density controls are set to their default values and that the
% resolution enhancement feature is enabled.  The |blacker| value was
% chosen to make 12$\,$pt text look good; for 10$\,$pt text, set |blacker=.66|.
%
% I felt the output with |blacker=.6| was too dark; Computer Modern
% was never intended to be as dark as it appears on 300$\,$dpi printers.
% So I've decreased |blacker| to the value below. The other parameters
% don't seem to matter much. (Even |blacker| doesn't matter all
% {\it that} much.)
%
% Works for a 600$\,$dpi Accel-a-Writer {\tt mackay@cs.washington.edu},
% 16 August 95.
mode_def ljfour =                   %\[ HP LaserJet 4 (600dpi)
  mode_param (pixels_per_inch, 600);
  mode_param (blacker, .25);
  mode_param (fillin, 0);
  mode_param (o_correction, 1);
  mode_common_setup_;
enddef;
laserjetfour := ljfour;
% {\tt fn@junior.mathtok.polymtl.ca} uses this for the QMS-860.
qmsesz := ljfour;
% {\tt pete@lovelace.thi.informatik.uni-frankfurt.de} uses this for the
% Apple Laserwriter Select 360, with a Fuji Xerox Xerographic engine.
aselect := ljfour;

% From {\tt ST-TeX.MF} via {\tt braams@pttrnl.nl}.  (The 300dpi LaserJet
% is another |cx|.)
mode_def ljlo =                     %\[ HP LaserJet (150dpi)
  mode_param (pixels_per_inch, 150);
  mode_param (blacker, 0);
  mode_param (fillin, .1);
  mode_param (o_correction, 1);
  mode_common_setup_;
enddef;
laserjetlo := ljlo;

% From {\tt mackay@cs.washington.edu}, 13 January 1993.  The actual
% machine resolution of this machine is $1000 \times 400$, but it is
% adjusted with the aid of software so that a $1000 \times 1000$ PK file
% is used.  The |o_correction|, however, seems grossly overdone if
% the expected value of at or near unity is applied (on the grounds
% that a 1000$\,$dpi font should be able to do full o-correction).
% Apparently the 400$\,$dpi physical resolution has some effect here.
% In any case, |o_correction=0.4| looks better, and lines up with
% about the right optical adjustment on curves.  Tested at American
% School of Classical Studies Publications on 18 July, 1992.
mode_def lmaster =                  %\[ LaserMaster (1000dpi)
  mode_param (pixels_per_inch, 1000);
  mode_param (blacker, 0.2);
  mode_param (fillin, 0.0);
  mode_param (o_correction, 0.4);
  mode_common_setup_;
enddef;
lasermaster := lmaster;

% From {\tt fran@hexamon.demon.co.uk}, 10 March 1996.  I tried the entry
% in modes.mf for a DEC LN03. This turned out much too dark---everything
% looks bold.  I did try sending write-black fonts to this printer, the
% hairlines disappear.  I don't know if these printers have a
% blackness knob $\ldots$
mode_def lnotr =                    %\[ DEC LN03R Scriptprinter (300dpi)
  mode_param (pixels_per_inch, 300);
  mode_param (blacker, 0);
  mode_param (blacker_min, 2);
  mode_param (fillin, -.6);
  mode_param (o_correction, .5);
  mode_common_setup_;
  mode_write_white_setup_;
enddef;
LNOthreR := lnotr;

% From Richard Watson at the Queensland Institute of Technology.  This
% printer is said to have some kind of Xerox engine, but I don't know which.
mode_def lnzo =                     %\[ DEC LN01 (300dpi)
  mode_param (pixels_per_inch, 300);
  mode_param (blacker, .9);
  mode_param (blacker_min, 2);
  mode_param (fillin, 0);
  mode_param (o_correction, .5);
  mode_common_setup_;
  mode_write_white_setup_;
enddef;
LNZeroOne := lnzo;
lps := lnzo;
LPSFourZero := lnzo;

% From {\tt hammond@jila.Colorado.EDU}, 21 January 1993.  Modified from
% |qms|.  Prints exactly like the QMS fonts from Northlake Software.
mode_def lpstz =                    %\[ DEC lps20 (300dpi)
  mode_param (pixels_per_inch, 300);
  mode_param (blacker, .6);
  mode_param (fillin, -.3);
  mode_param (o_correction, .6);
  mode_common_setup_;
enddef;
LPSTwoZero := lpstz;

mode_def lqlores =                  %\[ Epson LQ-500 (180dpi)
  mode_param (pixels_per_inch, 180);
  mode_param (blacker, 0);
  mode_param (fillin, 0);
  mode_param (o_correction, .1);
  mode_common_setup_;
enddef;
EpsonLQFiveZeroZeroLo := lqlores;

% This and |EpsonLQFiveZeroZeroLo| also work for a Mannesmann 300
% (from {\tt cudat@csv.warwick.ac.uk}, 4 September 1991).  The $360\times360$
% modes for these printers fails for {\tt cudat}, however.
mode_def lqmed =                    %\[ Epson LQ-500 (360x180dpi)
  mode_param (pixels_per_inch, 360);
  mode_param (aspect_ratio, 180 / pixels_per_inch);
  mode_param (blacker, 0); % 0.3 avoids `holes'.
  mode_param (fillin, 0);
  mode_param (o_correction, .1);
  mode_common_setup_;
enddef;
lqmedres := lqmed;
EpsonLQFiveZeroZeroMed := lqmed;

mode_def lqmedl =                   %\[ Epson LQ-500 landscape (180x360dpi)
  lqmed_;
  landscape;
enddef;

% These values from {\tt karl@cs.umb.edu}.  |blacker = .8| or more
% thickens dots, to their detriment.  |blacker = .6| produces two-pixel
% stems, which looks pretty good for {\tt cmr}, but it's a little dark
% for {\tt cmti}, and {\tt cmbx} and {\tt cmr} then turn out the same.
% |o_correction = 1| made no difference.  |fillin = 1| made no
% difference.
mode_def lview =                    %\[ Sigma L-View monitor (118x109dpi)
  mode_param (pixels_per_inch, 118.06);
  mode_param (aspect_ratio, 109.25 / pixels_per_inch);
  mode_param (blacker, 0);
  mode_param (fillin, 0);
  mode_param (o_correction, 0);
  mode_common_setup_;
enddef;

% From {\tt Pierre.Soille@ipk.fhg.de}, 13 February 1995.
% This printer also runs at 300$\,$dpi (try |cx|), 400$\,$dpi (|next|),
% and 600$\,$dpi (|ljfour|).
mode_def lwpro =                    %\[ Apple LaserWriterPro 810 (800dpi)
  mode_param (pixels_per_inch, 800);
  mode_param (blacker, 0);
  mode_param (fillin, 0);
  mode_param (o_correction, 1);
  mode_common_setup_;
enddef;

% This is untested.
mode_def macmag =                   %\[ Mac screens at magstep 1 (86dpi)
  mode_param (pixels_per_inch, 86.4);
  mode_param (blacker, .35);
  mode_param (fillin, .1);
  mode_param (o_correction, .3);
  mode_common_setup_;
enddef;

% From the VMS distribution tape (except {\tt karl@cs.umb.edu} changed
% the |o_correction| to zero).
mode_def mactrue =                  %\[ Mac screen (72dpi)
  mode_param (pixels_per_inch, 72);
  mode_param (blacker, 0);
  mode_param (fillin, 0);
  mode_param (o_correction, 0);
  mode_common_setup_;
enddef;
MacTrueSize := mactrue;

% From {\tt mcgrant@rascals.stanford.edu}, 17 December 1992.
% Various other values made little difference.
mode_def ncd =                      %\[ NCD 19-inch (95dpi)
  mode_param (pixels_per_inch, 95);
  mode_param (blacker, 0);
  mode_param (fillin, 0);
  mode_param (o_correction, 0);
  mode_common_setup_;
enddef;

% From {\tt rokicki@neon.stanford.edu}.
mode_def nec =                      %\[ NEC (180dpi)
  mode_param (pixels_per_inch, 180);
  mode_param (blacker, 0);
  mode_param (fillin, 0);
  mode_param (o_correction, .2);
  mode_common_setup_;
enddef;

% This is the same as |cx|, except for the resolution.
mode_def nechi =                    %\[ NEC-P6 (360dpi)
  mode_param (pixels_per_inch, 360);
  cx_;
enddef;
lqhires := nechi;

% {\tt fkr@tooyoo1.l.u-tokyo.ac.jp}, 7 June 1995.
mode_def neclm =                    %\[ NEC PC-PR406LM (320dpi)
  mode_param (pixels_per_inch, 320);
  mode_param (blacker, .1);
  mode_param (fillin, 0);
  mode_param (o_correction, .6);
  mode_common_setup_;
enddef;

% {\tt fkr@tooyoo1.l.u-tokyo.ac.jp}, 7 June 1995.
mode_def nectzo =                   %\[ NEC PC-PR201 series (160dpi)
  mode_param (pixels_per_inch, 160);
  mode_param (blacker, 0);
  mode_param (fillin, 0);
  mode_param (o_correction, .2);
  mode_common_setup_;
enddef;
NecTwoZeroOne := nectzo;

% From {\tt rokicki@neon.stanford.edu}.
mode_def nexthi =                   %\[ NeXT Newgen (400dpi)
  mode_param (pixels_per_inch, 400);
  cx_;
enddef;
NeXTprinter := nexthi;
Newgen := nexthi; % From {\tt lambert@silver.cs.umanitoba.ca}.

% From {\tt rokicki@neon.stanford.edu}.
mode_def nextscrn =                 %\[ NeXT monitor (100dpi)
  mode_param (pixels_per_inch, 100);
  mode_param (blacker, 0);
  mode_param (fillin, 0);
  mode_param (o_correction, 0);
  mode_common_setup_;
enddef;
NeXTscreen := nextscrn;
nextscreen := nextscrn;

% {\tt ghibo@galileo.polito.it}, for the Amiga ShowDVI previewer.
mode_def nineone =                  %\[ NineOne (91x91) (91dpi)
 mode_param (pixels_per_inch, 91);
 mode_param (blacker, 0);
 mode_param (fillin, 0);
 mode_param (o_correction, .2);
 mode_common_setup_;
enddef;
NineOne := nineone;

% From {\tt jbotz@mtholyoke.edu}, 21 April 1993.
% Make TFM files only.
mode_def nullmode =                 %\[ TFM files only (101dpi)
  % The resolution is irrelevant, but \MF\ always ships out
  % characters, so don't use the default huge |proof| resolution.
  mode_param (pixels_per_inch, 101);
  mode_param (proofing, -1);
  mode_param (fontmaking, 1);
enddef;

% {\tt ghibo@galileo.polito.it}, for the Amiga ShowDVI previewer.
mode_def onetz =                    %\[ OneTwoZero (120/120) (120dpi)
 mode_param (pixels_per_inch, 120);
 mode_param (blacker, 0);
 mode_param (fillin, 0);
 mode_param (o_correction, .2);
 mode_common_setup_;
enddef;
OneTwoZero := onetz;

% From {\tt deby@cs.utwente.nl} and {\tt issue@vax.oxford.ac.uk}.
mode_def ocessfz =                  %\[ OCE 6750-PS (508dpi)
  mode_param (pixels_per_inch, 508);
  mode_param (blacker, 0);
  mode_param (fillin, 0);
  mode_param (o_correction, .7);
  mode_common_setup_;
enddef;
OCESixSevenFiveZeroPS := ocessfz;

% From {\tt rokicki@neon.stanford.edu}.
mode_def okidata =                  %\[ Okidata (240x288dpi)
  mode_param (pixels_per_inch, 240);
  mode_param (aspect_ratio, 288 / pixels_per_inch);
  mode_param (blacker, 0);
  mode_param (fillin, 0);
  mode_param (o_correction, .2);
  mode_common_setup_;
enddef;
okihi := okidata;

mode_def okidatal =                 %\[ Okidata landscape (288x240dpi)
  okidata_;
  landscape;
enddef;

% {\tt roussel@henri.chem.uleth.ca}.  For the dark smoothing mode.
mode_def okifte =                   %\[ Okidata 410e in 600DPI mode (600dpi)
  mode_param (pixels_per_inch, 600);
  mode_param (blacker, .6);
  mode_param (fillin, .1);
  mode_param (o_correction, .85);
  mode_common_setup_;
enddef;
okifourten := okifte;

% From {\tt AMSmodes.def}.
mode_def pcscreen =                 %\[ also, e.g., high-resolution Suns (118dpi)
  mode_param (pixels_per_inch, 118);
  mode_param (blacker, .5);
  mode_param (fillin, .1);
  mode_param (o_correction, .3);
  mode_common_setup_;
enddef;

% {\tt fkr@tooyoo1.l.u-tokyo.ac.jp}, 7 June 1995.  With the existing
% |bitgraph| and |pcscreen| modes, `m' looks bad: a long vertical
% line extends higher than the letter itself.
mode_def pcprevw =                  %\[ PC screen preview (118dpi)
  mode_param (pixels_per_inch, 118);
  mode_param (blacker, .2);
  mode_param (fillin, 0);
  mode_param (o_correction, .2);
  mode_common_setup_;
enddef;

% Tektronix Color PostScript printer, from {\tt craig@sunspot@noao.edu}
% on 14 January 1993. He writes: This is a thermal wax paper printer.
% The values were determined using the {\tt cmr10} and {\tt cmti10} fonts.
% The generated fonts look reasonable, although vertical lines and
% things like the {\tt [}, {\tt ]}, and {\tt /} characters are pretty thin.
mode_def phaser =                   %\[ Tektronix Phaser PXi (300dpi)
  mode_param (pixels_per_inch, 300);
  mode_param (blacker, 1.1);
  mode_param (fillin, 0);
  mode_param (o_correction, 1);
  mode_common_setup_;
enddef;

% This is a write-white PostScript laser-setter, made by a Xerox
% subsidiary.  Its true aspect ratio is 1200$\,$dpi horizontally and
% 600$\,$dpi vertically, but {\tt mis@apsedoff.bitnet} says that the
% printer hides this, and PostScript programs should treat it as having
% a square aspect ratio.  But {\tt george@trevnx.bio.dfo.ca} says that
% using the nonsquare aspect ratio produces identical output and uses
% only half the disk space.  He also says the fonts are much too dark
% in general, and produce invisible diagonals in the CM typewriter
% fonts---but other changes either produce errors or dark output.
%
% Printware's headquarters is in Minnesota; telephone (612) 456-1400.
mode_def prntware =                 %\[ Printware 720IQ (1200dpi)
  mode_param (pixels_per_inch, 1200);
  mode_param (blacker, 0);
  mode_param (fillin, 0);
  mode_param (o_correction, 1);
  mode_common_setup_;
enddef;
PrintwareSevenTwoZeroIQ := prntware;
printware := prntware;

% From John Gourlay.  See {\sl TUGboat} 8(2), page 133.
mode_def qms =                      %\[ QMS (Xerox engine) (300dpi)
  mode_param (pixels_per_inch, 300);
  mode_param (blacker, .6);
  mode_param (blacker_min, 2);
  mode_param (fillin, -.3);
  mode_param (o_correction, .6);
  mode_common_setup_;
  mode_write_white_setup_;
enddef;

% From {\tt Boris.Hemkemeier@HRZ.Uni-Bielefeld.De}, 24 June 1993.
% With the QMSOneSevenZeroZero mode, the left stem of `M'
% in {\tt cmr10} vanishes completely.
mode_def qmsostf =                  %\[ QMS 1725 (600dpi)
  mode_param (pixels_per_inch, 600);
  mode_param (blacker, 1);
  mode_param (blacker_min, 2);
  mode_param (fillin, 0);
  mode_param (o_correction, 1);
  mode_common_setup_;
  mode_write_white_setup_;
enddef;
QMSOneSevenTwoFive := qmsostf;

% From {\tt queinnec@geant.cenatls.cena.dgac.fr}, 24 March 1993.
% {\tt k316670@aearn.bitnet} says this print has a CanonNX engine
% switchable between 300 and 600$\,$dpi.
%
% From {\tt mimi@scri.fsu.edu} (Mimi Burbank), 12 September 1996:
% $\ldots$ When I found the note about the left stem of the `M'
% disappearing I was concerned.
%
% The error, I believe, is due to the fact that the font is generated at
% 600$\,$dpi, and was most likely printed on a QMS printer with 300$\,$dpi
% resolution. I just had the same thing happen to me, but with our QMS
% 860 set at 600dpi (the default for only one of our printers) the
% output was beautiful!  (I printed the same ps file on a QMS 2000 with
% 300$\,$dpi resolution, and on a QMS 860 with 600$\,$dpi resolution.)
mode_def qmsoszz =                  %\[ QMS 1700 (600dpi)
  mode_param (pixels_per_inch, 600);
  mode_param (blacker, .2);
  mode_param (blacker_min, 2);
  mode_param (fillin, 0);
  mode_param (o_correction, 1);
  mode_common_setup_;
  mode_write_white_setup_;
enddef;
QMSOneSevenZeroZero := qmsoszz;

% From {\tt teddy@fukt.hk-r.se}, 28 September 1996.
mode_def qmstftf =                  %\[ QMS 2425 (1200dpi)
  mode_param (pixels_per_inch, 1200);
  mode_param (blacker, .3);
  mode_param (fillin, .5);
  mode_param (o_correction, 1);
  mode_common_setup_;
enddef;
QMSTwoFourTwoFive := qmstftf;

% These values from Stan Osborne, {\sl TUGboat} 8(2), page 134.
mode_def ricoh =                    %\[ e.g., TI Omnilaser (300dpi)
  mode_param (pixels_per_inch, 300);
  mode_param (blacker, .2);
  mode_param (blacker_min, 2);
  mode_param (fillin, -.2);
  mode_param (o_correction, .5);
  mode_common_setup_;
  mode_write_white_setup_;
enddef;
RicohFourZeroEightZero := ricoh;
RicohFortyEighty := ricoh;

% From {\tt Martin.Ward@durham.ac.uk}.  Apparently the engine is
% different from the Ricoh 4080.  With a larger value of |blacker|,
% characters like the `e' in {\tt cmtt8} look bad.
mode_def ricoha =                   %\[ e.g., IBM 4216 (300dpi)
  mode_param (pixels_per_inch, 300);
  mode_param (blacker, .2);
  mode_param (blacker_min, 2);
  mode_param (fillin, 0);
  mode_param (o_correction, .75);
  mode_common_setup_;
  mode_write_white_setup_;
enddef;
RicohA := ricoha;
IBMFourTwoOneSix := ricoha;

% From John Sauter.
mode_def ricohlp =                  %\[ e.g., DEC LN03 (300dpi)
  mode_param (pixels_per_inch, 300);
  mode_param (blacker, .65);
  mode_param (blacker_min, 2);
  mode_param (fillin, -.2);
  mode_param (o_correction, .5);
  mode_common_setup_;
  mode_write_white_setup_;
enddef;
RicohLP := ricohlp;
LNOthree := ricohlp;
LNZeroThree := ricohlp;

% From {\tt nishida@src.ricoh.co.jp} (Akihiro Nishida), 30 August 1996.
% These printers are available only in Japan.
mode_def ricohsp =                  %\[% Ricoh sp10ps/lp7200-ux (600dpi)
  mode_param (pixels_per_inch, 600);
  mode_param (blacker, .0);
  mode_param (fillin, 0.2);
  mode_param (o_correction, .6);
  mode_common_setup_;
enddef;

% From {\tt dickson@eeserv.ee.umanitoba.ca}.  {\tt gil.cc.gatech.edu}
% has different values; {\tt img@ai.edinburgh.ac.uk} sets |blacker=.1|.
% Corrected by {\tt andy@vlsi.cs.caltech.edu}, 28 August 1991.
% The darkness knob on the printer has a much larger effect than
% any of these parameters.  {\tt carlos@snfep1.if.usp.br} points out
% that the printer can operate at either 300$\,$dpi or 400$\,$dpi, and
% if your fonts don't match the setting, naturally they won't look
% very good.  He says the following works in Dvips' {\tt config.ps} file
% to set 400$\,$dpi:
%%\begingroup \tt \catcode`\%=12 \obeyspaces
% /SetResolution {
%     /setres where {
%         /setres get exec
%     }{
%         pop
%     } ifelse
% } def
% %%BeginFeature *SetResolution 400
% 400 SetResolution
% %%EndFeature
% %%EndSetup
%%\endgroup
%
% (This is the file {\tt resolution400.ps} supplied with NeWSprint.)
% {\tt simpson@math.psu.edu} only got this work by downloading the code
% via an extra header file, i.e., having this in the Dvips config file:
%%\begingroup \tt \obeyspaces
% M sparcptr
% D 400
% h resolution400.ps
%%\endgroup
%
mode_def sparcptr =                 %\[ Sun SPARCprinter (400dpi)
  mode_param (pixels_per_inch, 400);
  mode_param (blacker, .25);
  mode_param (fillin, .2);
  mode_param (o_correction, .6);
  mode_common_setup_;
enddef;
SparcPrinter := sparcptr;

% From {\tt ee@dacth51.bitnet}.
mode_def starnlt =                  %\[ Star NL-10 (240x216dpi)
  mode_param (pixels_per_inch, 240);
  mode_param (aspect_ratio, 216 / pixels_per_inch);
  mode_param (blacker, -.6);
  mode_param (fillin, .2);
  mode_param (o_correction, .4);
  mode_common_setup_;
enddef;
StarNLOneZero := starnlt;

mode_def starnltl =                 %\[ Star NL-10 landscape (216x240dpi)
  starnlt_;
  landscape;
enddef;

% |stylewriter| mode added by Andrew Trevorrow for OzTeX users.  All
% parameters (except |pixels_per_inch|) are the same as the |cx| mode so
% that PK files can be shared by both types of printers.
mode_def stylewr =                  %\[ Apple StyleWriter (360dpi)
  mode_param (pixels_per_inch, 360);
  mode_param (blacker, 0);
  mode_param (fillin, .2);
  mode_param (o_correction, .6);
  mode_common_setup_;
enddef;
stylewriter := stylewri;
% From {\tt px@fct.unl.pt (Joaquim Baptista [pxQuim])}.  I find
% |epstylus| far too dark.  It seems to me that plain values of 0 to
% |blacker| and |fillin| work perfectly with values of |o_correction| in
% the range of .6 to .8. I ended up using [this mode:]
epstylwr := stylewri;
% Andrew defines |sw| as well, but I am reluctant to use such a
% potentially common identifier --{\tt kb@cs.umb.edu}, 8 October 1996.

% From {\tt grunwald@foobar.colorado.edu}.  Sun monitors have several
% different resolutions, but this seems the most common of the lot.
% Use |pcscreen| for high-resolution monitors.
mode_def sun =                      %\[ Sun and BBN Bitgraph (85dpi)
  mode_param (pixels_per_inch, 85);
  mode_param (blacker, .35);
  mode_param (fillin, .1);
  mode_param (o_correction, .3);
  mode_common_setup_;
enddef;

mode_def supre =                    %\[ Ultre*setter (2400dpi)
  mode_param (pixels_per_inch, 2400);
  mode_param (blacker, 0);
  mode_param (fillin, 0);
  mode_param (o_correction, 1);
  mode_common_setup_;
enddef;

mode_def toshiba =                  %\[ Toshiba 13XX, EpsonLQ (180dpi)
  mode_param (pixels_per_inch, 180);
  mode_param (blacker, 0);
  mode_param (fillin, 0);
  mode_param (o_correction, .2);
  mode_common_setup_;
enddef;
epsonlq := toshiba;

mode_def ultre =                    %\[ Ultre*setter (1200dpi)
  mode_param (pixels_per_inch, 1200);
  mode_param (blacker, 0);
  mode_param (fillin, 0);
  mode_param (o_correction, 1);
  mode_common_setup_;
enddef;
Prism := ultre;

% From {\tt Martin.Ward@durham.ac.uk}.
mode_def vs =                       %\[ VAXstation monitor (78dpi)
  mode_param (pixels_per_inch, 78);
  mode_param (blacker, 0);
  mode_param (fillin, 0);
  mode_param (o_correction, 0);
  mode_common_setup_;
enddef;
VAXstation := vs;
gpx := vs;

% From {\tt erikjan@icce.rug.nl}, 23 August 1991.
mode_def vtftzz =                   %\[ Varityper 4200 B-P (1800dpi)
  mode_param (pixels_per_inch, 1800);
  mode_param (blacker, 0);
  mode_param (fillin, 0);
  mode_param (o_correction, 1);
  mode_common_setup_;
enddef;
VarityperFourTwoZeroZero := vtftzz;

% From {\tt mjm@as.arizona.edu}, 26 February 1992.
mode_def vtftzzhi =                 %\[ Varityper 4300P (2400dpi)
  mode_param (pixels_per_inch, 2400);
  mode_param (blacker, 0);
  mode_param (fillin, 0);
  mode_param (o_correction, 1);
  mode_common_setup_;
enddef;
VarityperFourThreeZeroZeroHi := vtftzzhi;

% From {\tt mjm@as.arizona.edu}, 26 February 1992.
mode_def vtftzzlo =                 %\[ Varityper 4300P (1200dpi)
  mode_param (pixels_per_inch, 1200);
  mode_param (blacker, 3.5);
  mode_param (fillin, 0);
  mode_param (o_correction, 1);
  mode_common_setup_;
enddef;
VarityperFourThreeZeroZeroLo := vtftzzlo;

% From {\tt rocky@panix.com}.  This can also be used for the Autologic's
% APS6 cut sheet dry process printer.  For that printer, perhaps
% |blacker=0.8| is better. For the Varityper, though, at |blacker=0.8|
% the dots of the umlaut start to fill in.  For |blacker<0.6|, the tops
% and bottoms of lowercase g's and s's in {\tt cmr5} drop out.
mode_def vtfzszw =                  %\[ Varitype 5060W, APS 6 (600dpi)
  mode_param (pixels_per_inch, 600);
  mode_param (blacker, .7);
  mode_param (fillin, 0);
  mode_param (o_correction, 1);
  mode_common_setup_;
enddef;
VarityperFiveZeroSixZeroW := vtfzszw;
APSSixMed := vtfzszw;

% The worst problem is toner irregularity.  This may be the same printer
% as the IBM 4250.
mode_def vtszz =                    %\[ Varityper Laser 600 (600dpi)
  mode_param (pixels_per_inch, 600);
  mode_param (blacker, 0);
  mode_param (fillin, 0);
  mode_param (o_correction, 1);
  mode_common_setup_;
enddef;
VarityperSixZeroZero := vtszz;
VTSix := vtszz;
varityper := vtszz;

% Some information about Xerox printers, from {\tt siemsen@barnard.usc.edu}:
% The Docutech system and the 4135 have the same engine.
% The 4050, 4075 and 4090 have the same engine.
% The 4650 has a unique engine.
% The 4850 has a unique engine.

% From {\tt u12570@uicvm.uic.edu}.  These values are mostly guesses.
mode_def xrxesnz =                  %\[ Xerox 8790 or 4045 (300dpi)
  mode_param (pixels_per_inch, 300);
  mode_param (blacker, 0.4);
  mode_param (blacker_min, 2);
  mode_param (fillin, 0);
  mode_param (o_correction, 0.2);
  mode_common_setup_;
  mode_write_white_setup_;
enddef;
XeroxEightSevenNineZero := xrxesnz;

% From {\tt u12570@uicvm.uic.edu}.  Many variations for different fonts.
% {\tt bart@cs.tamu.edu} says this works for the Xerox 4700, also.
mode_def xrxfzfz =                  %\[ Xerox 4050/4075/4090/4700 (300dpi)
  mode_param (pixels_per_inch, 300);
  mode_param (blacker, .7);
  mode_param (fillin, 0);
  mode_param (o_correction, .5);
  mode_common_setup_;
enddef;
XeroxFourZeroFiveZero := xrxfzfz;

% From {\tt u12570@uicvm.uic.edu}.  He sent many variations of this,
% for different fonts.  I don't know a reasonable way to put them in
% yet, so this is just the basic entry.
mode_def xrxnszz =                  %\[ Xerox 9700 (300dpi)
  mode_param (pixels_per_inch, 300);
  mode_param (blacker, .7);
  mode_param (fillin, 0);
  mode_param (o_correction, .5);
  mode_common_setup_;
enddef;
XeroxNineSevenZeroZero := xrxnszz;

% From {\tt lee@sq.com}.  These values may be improvable.
mode_def xrxtszz =                  %\[ Xerox 3700 (300dpi)
  mode_param (pixels_per_inch, 300);
  mode_param (blacker, .85);
  mode_param (blacker_min, 2);
  mode_param (fillin, -.1);
  mode_param (o_correction, .5);
  mode_common_setup_;
  mode_write_white_setup_;
enddef;
XeroxThreeSevenZeroZero := xrxtszz;

mode_def help =                     %\[ What modes are defined?
 for i = 1 upto number_of_modes:
   message mode_name[i];
 endfor;
 % Doesn't make sense to be able to do this twice, so forget this
 % definition after it's been used.
 save ?;
enddef;

let ? = help_;

% These variables determine the size of \MF's (window system)
% window for online output.  These numbers should match whatever
% the window system is told, or bizarre positioning of the output
% in the window results.  Properly implemented online device drivers
% will use these values as the default size.  The defaults here are
% from {\tt plain.mf}.
screen_rows := 400;
screen_cols := 500;

% The mode most commonly used to make fonts here.
localfont := ljfour;

%%\bye
%%%% Local variables:
%%%% page-delimiter: "^% here are"
%%%% End:
