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NAME
       README.hpux - Perl version 5 on Hewlett-Packard Unix (HP-
       UX) systems

DESCRIPTION
       This document describes various features of HP's Unix
       operating system (HP-UX) that will affect how Perl version
       5 (hereafter just Perl) is compiled and/or runs.

       Compiling Perl 5 on HP-UX

       When compiling Perl, the use of an ANSI C compiler is
       highly recommended.  The C compiler that ships with all
       HP-UX systems is a K&R compiler that should only be used
       to build new kernels.

       Perl can be compiled with either HP's ANSI C compiler or
       with gcc.  The former is recommended, as not only can it
       compile Perl with no difficulty, but also can take advan-
       tage of features listed later that require the use of HP
       compiler-specific command-line flags.

       If you decide to use gcc, make sure your installation is
       recent and complete, and be sure to read the Perl README
       file for more gcc-specific details.

       PA-RISC

       HP's current Unix systems run on its own Precision Archi-
       tecture (PA-RISC) chip.  HP-UX used to run on the Motorola
       MC68000 family of chips, but any machine with this chip in
       it is quite obsolete and this document will not attempt to
       address issues for compiling Perl on the Motorola chipset.

       The most recent version of PA-RISC at the time of this
       document's last update is 2.0.

       PA-RISC 1.0

       The original version of PA-RISC, HP no longer sells any
       system with this chip.

       The following systems contain PA-RISC 1.0 chips:

           600, 635, 645, 800, 808, 815, 822, 825, 832, 834, 835, 840,
           842, 845, 850, 852, 855, 860, 865, 870, 890


       PA-RISC 1.1

       An upgrade to the PA-RISC design, it shipped for many
       years in many different system.

       The following systems contain with PA-RISC 1.1 chips:



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           705, 710, 712, 715, 720, 722, 725, 728, 730, 735, 743, 745, 747, 750,
           755, 770, 807S, 817S, 827S, 837S, 847S, 857S, 867S, 877S, 887S, 897S,
           D200, D210, D220, D230, D250, D260, D310, D320, D330, D350, D360, D400,
           E25, E35, E45, E55, F10, F20, F30, G30, G40, G50, G60, G70, H30, H40,
           H50, H60, H70, I30, I40, I50, I60, I70, K100, K200, K210, K220, K400,
           K410, K420, T500, T520


       PA-RISC 2.0

       The most recent upgrade to the PA-RISC design, it added
       support for 64-bit integer data.

       The following systems contain PA-RISC 2.0 chips (this is
       very likely to be out of date):

           D270, D280, D370, D380, K250, K260, K370, K380, K450, K460, K570, K580,
           T600, V2200

       A complete list of models at the time the OS was built is
       in the file /opt/langtools/lib/sched.models.  The first
       column corresponds to the output of the "uname -m" command
       (without the leading "9000/").  The second column is the
       PA-RISC version and the third column is the exact chip
       type used.

       Portability Between PA-RISC Versions

       An executable compiled on a PA-RISC 2.0 platform will not
       execute on a PA-RISC 1.1 platform, even if they are run-
       ning the same version of HP-UX.  If you are building Perl
       on a PA-RISC 2.0 platform and want that Perl to to also
       run on a PA-RISC 1.1, the compiler flags +DAportable and
       +DS32 should be used.

       It is no longer possible to compile PA-RISC 1.0 executa-
       bles on either the PA-RISC 1.1 or 2.0 platforms.

       Building Dynamic Extensions on HP-UX

       HP-UX supports dynamically loadable libraries (shared
       libraries).  Shared libraries end with the suffix .sl.

       Shared libraries created on a platform using a particular
       PA-RISC version are not usable on platforms using an ear-
       lier PA-RISC version by default.  However, this backwards
       compatibility may be enabled using the same +DAportable
       compiler flag (with the same PA-RISC 1.0 caveat mentioned
       above).

       To create a shared library, the following steps must be
       performed:





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           1. Compile source modules with +z or +Z flag to create a .o module
              which contains Position-Independent Code (PIC).  The linker will
              tell you in the next step if +Z was needed.

           2. Link the shared library using the -b flag.  If the code calls
              any functions in other system libraries (e.g., libm), it must
              be included on this line.

       (Note that these steps are usually handled automatically
       by the extension's Makefile).

       If these dependent libraries are not listed at shared
       library creation time, you will get fatal "Unresolved sym-
       bol" errors at run time when the library is loaded.

       You may create a shared library that referers to another
       library, which may be either an archive library or a
       shared library.  If it is a shared library, this is called
       a "dependent library".  The dependent library's name is
       recorded in the main shared library, but it is not linked
       into the shared library.  Instead, it is loaded when the
       main shared library is loaded.

       If the referred library is an archive library, then it is
       treated as a simple collection of .o modules (all of which
       must contain PIC).  These modules are then linked into the
       shared library.

       Note that it is okay to create a library which contains a
       dependent library that is already linked into perl.

       It is no longer possible to link PA-RISC 1.0 shared
       libraries.

       The HP ANSI C Compiler

       When using this compiler to build Perl, you should make
       sure that the flag -Aa is added to the cpprun and cppstdin
       variables in the config.sh file.

       Using Large Files with Perl

       Beginning with HP-UX version 10.20, files larger than 2GB
       (2^31) may be created and manipulated.  Three separate
       methods of doing this are available.  Of these methods,
       the best method for Perl is to compile using the
       -D_FILE_OFFSET_BITS=64 compiler flag.  This causes Perl to
       be compiled using structures and functions in which these
       are 64 bits wide, rather than 32 bits wide.

       There are only two drawbacks to this approach: the first
       is that the seek and tell functions (both the builtin ver-
       sion and the POSIX module's version) will not correctly
       function for these large files (the offset arguments in



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       seek and tell are implemented as type long).  The second
       is that any extension which calls any file-manipulating C
       function will need to be recompiled using the above-men-
       tioned -D_FILE_OFFSET_BITS=64 flag.  The list of functions
       that will need to recompiled is:
       creat,         fgetpos,  fopen, freopen,  fsetpos,  fstat,
       fstatvfs, fstatvfsdev,   ftruncate,
       ftw,      lockf,         lseek,
       lstat,         mmap,          nftw,
       open,          prealloc, stat,
       statvfs,  statvfsdev,    tmpfile,
       truncate, getrlimit,     setrlimit

       Threaded Perl

       It is impossible to compile a version of threaded Perl on
       any version of HP-UX before 10.30, and it is strongly sug-
       gested that you be running on HP-UX 11.00 at least.

       To compile Perl with thread, add -Dusethreads to the argu-
       ments of Configure.  Ensure that the
       -D_POSIX_C_SOURCE=199506L compiler flag is automatically
       added to the list of flags.  Also make sure that -lpthread
       is listed before -lc in the list of libraries to link Perl
       with.

       As of the date of this document, Perl threads are not
       fully supported on HP-UX.

       64-bit Perl

       Beginning with HP-UX 11.00, programs compiled under HP-UX
       can take advantage of the LP64 programming environment
       (LP64 means Longs and Pointers are 64 bits wide).

       Work is being performed on Perl to make it 64-bit compli-
       ant on all versions of Unix.  Once this is complete,
       scalar variables will be able to hold numbers larger than
       2^32 with complete precision.

       As of the date of this document, Perl is not 64-bit com-
       pliant on HP-UX.

       Should a user wish to experiment with compiling Perl in
       the LP64 environment, the following steps must be taken:
       libraries must be searched only within /lib/pa20_64, the
       compiler flag +DD64 must be used, and the C library is now
       located at /lib/pa20_64/libc.sl.

       On the brighter side, the large file problem goes away, as
       longs are now 64 bits wide.






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       GDBM and Threads

       If you attempt to compile Perl with threads on an 11.X
       system and also link in the GDBM library, then Perl will
       immediately core dump when it starts up.  The only
       workaround at this point is to relink the GDBM library
       under 11.X, then relink it into Perl.

       NFS filesystems and utime(2)

       If you are compiling Perl on a remotely-mounted NFS
       filesystem, the test io/fs.t may fail on test #18.  This
       appears to be a bug in HP-UX and no fix is currently
       available.

AUTHOR
       Jeff Okamoto <okamoto@corp.hp.com>

       With much assistance regarding shared libraries from Marc
       Sabatella.

DATE
       Version 0.2: 1999/03/01


































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