This is uucp.info, produced by makeinfo version 4.0 from
/usr/src/gnu/libexec/uucp/doc/uucp.texi.

START-INFO-DIR-ENTRY
* UUCP: (uucp).                 Transfer mail and news across phone lines.
END-INFO-DIR-ENTRY

   This file documents Taylor UUCP, version 1.06.

   Copyright (C) 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995 Ian Lance Taylor

   Permission is granted to make and distribute verbatim copies of this
manual provided the copyright notice and this permission notice are
preserved on all copies.

   Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of
this manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided also
that the section entitled "Copying" are included exactly as in the
original, and provided that the entire resulting derived work is
distributed under the terms of a permission notice identical to this
one.

   Permission is granted to copy and distribute translations of this
manual into another language, under the above conditions for modified
versions, except that the section entitled "Copying" may be included in
a translation approved by the author instead of in the original English.


File: uucp.info,  Node: Execution Subdirectories,  Next: Other Spool Subdirectories,  Prev: Status Directory,  Up: The Spool Directory Layout

Execution Subdirectories
------------------------

`.Xqtdir'
     When `uuxqt' executes a job requested by `uux', it first changes
     the working directory to the `.Xqtdir' subdirectory.  This permits
     the job to create any sort of temporary file without worrying
     about overwriting other files in the spool directory.  Any files
     left in the `.Xqtdir' subdirectory are removed after each
     execution is complete.

`.XqtdirNNNN'
     When several instances of `uuxqt' are executing simultaneously,
     each one executes jobs in a separate directory.  The first uses
     `.Xqtdir', the second uses `.Xqtdir0001', the third uses
     `.Xqtdir0002', and so forth.

`.Corrupt'
     If `uuxqt' encounters an execution file which it is unable to
     parse, it saves it in the `.Corrupt' directory, and sends mail
     about it to the UUCP administrator.

`.Failed'
     If `uuxqt' executes a job, and the job fails, and there is enough
     disk space to hold the command file and all the data files, then
     `uuxqt' saves the files in the `.Failed' directory, and sends mail
     about it to the UUCP administrator.


File: uucp.info,  Node: Other Spool Subdirectories,  Next: Spool Lock Files,  Prev: Execution Subdirectories,  Up: The Spool Directory Layout

Other Spool Subdirectories
--------------------------

`.Sequence'
     This directory holds conversation sequence number files.  These
     are used if the `sequence' command is used for a system (*note
     Miscellaneous (sys)::).  The sequence number for the system SYSTEM
     is stored in the file `.Sequence/SYSTEM'.  It is simply stored as
     a printable number.

`.Temp'
     This directory holds data files as they are being received from a
     remote system, before they are moved to their final destination.
     For file send requests which use a valid temporary file name in
     the TEMP field of the `S' or `E' command (*note The S Command::),
     `uucico' receives the file into `.Temp/SYSTEM/TEMP', where SYSTEM
     is the name of the remote system, and TEMP is the temporary file
     name.  If a conversation fails during a file transfer, these files
     are used to automatically restart the file transfer from the point
     of failure.

     If the `S' or `E' command does not include a temporary file name,
     automatic restart is not possible.  In this case, the files are
     received into a randomly named file in the `.Temp' directory
     itself.

`.Preserve'
     This directory holds data files which could not be transferred to a
     remote system for some reason (for example, the data file might be
     large, and exceed size restrictions imposed by the remote system).
     When a locally requested file transfer fails, `uucico' will store
     the data file in the `.Preserve' directory, and send mail to the
     requestor describing the failure and naming the saved file.

`.Received'
     This directory records which files have been received.  If a
     conversation fails just after `uucico' acknowledges receipt of a
     file, it is possible for the acknowledgement to be lost.  If this
     happens, the remote system will resend the file.  If the file were
     an execution request, and `uucico' did not keep track of which
     files it had already received, this could lead to the execution
     being performed twice.

     To avoid this problem, when a conversation fails, `uucico' records
     each file that has been received, but for which the remote system
     may not have received the acknowledgement.  It records this
     information by creating an empty file with the name
     `.Received/SYSTEM/TEMP', where SYSTEM is the name of the remote
     system, and TEMP is the TEMP field of the `S' or `E' command from
     the remote system (*note The S Command::).  Then, if the remote
     system offers the file again in the next conversation, `uucico'
     refuses the send request and deletes the record in the `.Received'
     directory.  This approach only works for file sends which use a
     temporary file name, but this is true of all execution requests.


File: uucp.info,  Node: Spool Lock Files,  Prev: Other Spool Subdirectories,  Up: The Spool Directory Layout

Lock Files in the Spool Directory
---------------------------------

   Lock files for devices and systems are stored in the lock directory,
which may or may not be the same as the spool directory.  The lock
directory is set at compilation time by `LOCKDIR' in `policy.h', which
may be overridden by the `lockdir' command in the `config' file (*note
Miscellaneous (config)::).

   For a description of the names used for device lock files, and the
format of the contents of a lock file, see *Note UUCP Lock Files::.

`LCK..SYS'
     A lock file for a system, where SYS is the system name.  As noted
     above, these lock files are kept in the lock directory, which may
     not be the spool directory.  These lock files are created by
     `uucico' while talking to a remote system, and are used to prevent
     multiple simultaneous conversations with a system.

     On systems which limit file names to 14 characters, only the first
     eight characters of the system name are used in the lock file
     name.  This requires that the names of each directly connected
     remote system be unique in the first eight characters.

`LCK.XQT.NN'
     When `uuxqt' starts up, it uses lock files to determine how many
     other `uuxqt' daemons are currently running.  It first tries to
     lock `LCK.XQT.0', then `LCK.XQT.1', and so forth.  This is used to
     implement the `max-uuxqts' command (*note Miscellaneous
     (config)::).  It is also used to parcel out the `.Xqtdir'
     subdirectories (*note Execution Subdirectories::).

`LXQ.CMD'
     When `uuxqt' is invoked with the `-c' or `--command' option (*note
     Invoking uuxqt::), it creates a lock file named after the command
     it is executing.  For example, `uuxqt -c rmail' will create the
     lock file `LXQ.rmail'.  This prevents other `uuxqt' daemons from
     executing jobs of the specified type.

`SYSTEM/X./L.XXX'
     While `uuxqt' is executing a particular job, it creates a lock file
     with the same name as the `X.' file describing the job, but
     replacing the initial `X' with `L'.  This ensures that if multiple
     `uuxqt' daemons are running, they do not simultaneously execute
     the same job.

`LCK..SEQ'
     This lock file is used to control access to the sequence files for
     each system (*note System Spool Directories::).  It is only used
     on systems which do not support POSIX file locking using the
     `fcntl' system call.


File: uucp.info,  Node: Spool Directory Cleaning,  Prev: The Spool Directory Layout,  Up: Using Taylor UUCP

Cleaning the Spool Directory
============================

   The spool directory may need to be cleaned up periodically.  Under
some circumstances, files may accumulate in various subdirectories,
such as `.Preserve' (*note Other Spool Subdirectories::) or `.Corrupt'
(*note Execution Subdirectories::).

   Also, if a remote system stops calling in, you may want to arrange
for any queued up mail to be returned to the sender.  This can be done
using the `uustat' command (*note Invoking uustat::).

   The `contrib' directory includes a simple `uuclean' script which may
be used as an example of a clean up script.  It can be run daily out of
`crontab'.

   You should periodically trim the UUCP log files, as they will
otherwise grow without limit.  The names of the log files are set in
`policy.h', and may be overridden in the configuration file (*note
config File::).  By default they are are `/usr/spool/uucp/Log' and
`/usr/spool/uucp/Stats'.  You may find the `savelog' program in the
`contrib' directory to be of use.  There is a manual page for it in
`contrib' as well.


File: uucp.info,  Node: Configuration Files,  Next: Protocols,  Prev: Using Taylor UUCP,  Up: Top

Taylor UUCP Configuration Files
*******************************

   This chapter describes the configuration files accepted by the Taylor
UUCP package if compiled with `HAVE_TAYLOR_CONFIG' set to 1 in
`policy.h'.

   The configuration files are normally found in the directory
NEWCONFIGDIR, which is defined by the `Makefile' variable
`newconfigdir'; by default NEWCONFIGDIR is `/usr/local/conf/uucp'.
However, the main configuration file, `config', is the only one which
must be in that directory, since it may specify a different location
for any or all of the other files.  You may run any of the UUCP
programs with a different main configuration file by using the `-I' or
`--config' option; this can be useful when testing a new configuration.
When you use the `-I' option the programs will revoke any setuid
privileges.

* Menu:

* Configuration Overview::      Configuration File Overview
* Configuration File Format::   Configuration File Format
* Configuration Examples::      Examples of Configuration Files
* Time Strings::                How to Write Time Strings
* Chat Scripts::                How to Write Chat Scripts
* config File::                 The Main Configuration File
* sys File::                    The System Configuration File
* port File::                   The Port Configuration Files
* dial File::                   The Dialer Configuration Files
* UUCP Over TCP::               UUCP Over TCP
* Security::                    Security Issues


File: uucp.info,  Node: Configuration Overview,  Next: Configuration File Format,  Prev: Configuration Files,  Up: Configuration Files

Configuration File Overview
===========================

   UUCP uses several different types of configuration files, each
describing a different kind of information.  The commands permitted in
each file are described in detail below.  This section is a brief
description of some of the different types of files.

   The `config' file is the main configuration file.  It describes
general information not associated with a particular remote system, such
as the location of various log files.  There are reasonable defaults for
everything that may be specified in the `config' file, so you may not
actually need one on your system.

   There may be only one `config' file, but there may be one or more of
each other type of file.  The default is one file for each type, but
more may be listed in the `config' file.

   The `sys' files are used to describe remote systems.  Each remote
system to which you connect must be listed in a `sys' file.  A `sys'
file will include information for a system, such as the speed (baud
rate) to use, or when to place calls.

   For each system you wish to call, you must describe one or more
ports; these ports may be defined directly in the `sys' file, or they
may be defined in a `port' file.

   The `port' files are used to describe ports.  A port is a particular
hardware connection on your computer.  You would normally define as
many ports as there are modems attached to your computer.  A TCP
connection is also described using a port.

   The `dial' files are used to describe dialers.  Dialer is
essentially another word for modem.  The `dial' file describes the
commands UUCP should use to dial out on a particular type of modem.  You
would normally define as many dialers as there are types of modems
attached to your computer.  For example, if you have three Telebit
modems used for UUCP, you would probably define three ports and one
dialer.

   There are other types of configuration files, but these are the
important ones.  The other types are described below.


File: uucp.info,  Node: Configuration File Format,  Next: Configuration Examples,  Prev: Configuration Overview,  Up: Configuration Files

Configuration File Format
=========================

   All the configuration files follow a simple line-oriented `KEYWORD
VALUE' format.  Empty lines are ignored, as are leading spaces; unlike
HDB, lines with leading spaces are read.  The first word on each line
is a keyword.  The rest of the line is interpreted according to the
keyword.  Most keywords are followed by numbers, boolean values or
simple strings with no embedded spaces.

   The `#' character is used for comments.  Everything from a `#' to
the end of the line is ignored unless the `#' is preceded by a `\'
(backslash); if the `#' is preceeded by a `\', the `\' is removed but
the `#' remains in the line.  This can be useful for a phone number
containing a `#'.  To enter the sequence `\#', use `\\#'.

   The backslash character may be used to continue lines.  If the last
character in a line is a backslash, the backslash is removed and the
line is continued by the next line.  The second line is attached to the
first with no intervening characters; if you want any whitespace between
the end of the first line and the start of the second line, you must
insert it yourself.

   However, the backslash is not a general quoting character.  For
example, you cannot use it to get an embedded space in a string
argument.

   Everything after the keyword must be on the same line.  A BOOLEAN
may be specified as `y', `Y', `t', or `T' for true and `n', `N', `f',
or `F' for false; any trailing characters are ignored, so `true',
`false', etc., are also acceptable.


File: uucp.info,  Node: Configuration Examples,  Next: Time Strings,  Prev: Configuration File Format,  Up: Configuration Files

Examples of Configuration Files
===============================

   This section provides few typical examples of configuration files.
There are also sample configuration files in the `sample' subdirectory
of the distribution.

* Menu:

* config File Examples::        Examples of the Main Configuration File
* Leaf Example::                Call a Single Remote Site
* Gateway Example::             The Gateway for Several Local Systems


File: uucp.info,  Node: config File Examples,  Next: Leaf Example,  Prev: Configuration Examples,  Up: Configuration Examples

config File Examples
--------------------

   To start with, here are some examples of uses of the main
configuration file, `config'.  For a complete description of the
commands that are permitted in `config', see *Note config File::.

   In many cases you will not need to create a `config' file at all.
The most common reason to create one is to give your machine a special
UUCP name.  Other reasons might be to change the UUCP spool directory,
or to permit any remote system to call in.

   If you have an internal network of machines, then it is likely that
the internal name of your UUCP machine is not the name you want to use
when calling other systems.  For example, here at `airs.com' our
mail/news gateway machine is named `elmer.airs.com' (it is one of
several machines all named `LOCALNAME.airs.com').  If we did not
provide a `config' file, then our UUCP name would be `elmer'; however,
we actually want it to be `airs'.  Therefore, we use the following line
in `config':

     nodename airs

   The UUCP spool directory name is set in `policy.h' when the code is
compiled.  You might at some point decide that it is appropriate to move
the spool directory, perhaps to put it on a different disk partition.
You would use the following commands in `config' to change to
directories on the partition `/uucp':

     spool /uucp/spool
     pubdir /uucp/uucppublic
     logfile /uucp/spool/Log
     debugfile /uucp/spool/Debug

   You would then move the contents of the current spool directory to
`/uucp/spool'.  If you do this, make sure that no UUCP processes are
running while you change `config' and move the spool directory.

   Suppose you wanted to permit any system to call in to your system and
request files.  This is generally known as "anonymous UUCP", since the
systems which call in are effectively anonymous.  By default, unknown
systems are not permitted to call in.  To permit this you must use the
`unknown' command in `config'.  The `unknown' command is followed by
any command that may appear in the system file; for full details, see
*Note sys File::.

   I will show two possible anonymous UUCP configurations.  The first
will let any system call in and download files, but will not permit
them to upload files to your system.

     # No files may be transferred to this system
     unknown receive-request no
     # The public directory is /usr/spool/anonymous
     unknown pubdir /usr/spool/anonymous
     # Only files in the public directory may be sent (the default anyhow)
     unknown remote-send ~

Setting the public directory is convenient for the systems which call
in.  It permits to request a file by prefixing it with `~/'.  For
example, assuming your system is known as `server', then to retrieve
the file `/usr/spool/anonymous/INDEX' a user on a remote site could
just enter `uucp server!~/INDEX ~'; this would transfer `INDEX' from
`server''s public directory to the user's local public directory.  Note
that when using `csh' or `bash' the `!' and the second `~' must be
quoted.

   The next example will permit remote systems to upload files to a
special directory named `/usr/spool/anonymous/upload'.  Permitting a
remote system to upload files permits it to send work requests as well;
this example is careful to prohibit commands from unknown systems.

     # No commands may be executed (the list of permitted commands is empty)
     unknown commands
     # The public directory is /usr/spool/anonymous
     unknown pubdir /usr/spool/anonymous
     # Only files in the public directory may be sent; users may not download
     # files from the upload directory
     unknown remote-send ~ !~/upload
     # May only upload files into /usr/spool/anonymous/upload
     unknown remote-receive ~/upload


File: uucp.info,  Node: Leaf Example,  Next: Gateway Example,  Prev: config File Examples,  Up: Configuration Examples

Leaf Example
------------

   A relatively common simple case is a "leaf site", a system which
only calls or is called by a single remote site.  Here is a typical
`sys' file that might be used in such a case.  For full details on what
commands can appear in the `sys' file, see *Note sys File::.

   This is the `sys' file that is used at `airs.com'.  We use a single
modem to dial out to `uunet'.  This example shows how you can specify
the port and dialer information directly in the `sys' file for simple
cases.  It also shows the use of the following:

`call-login'
     Using `call-login' and `call-password' allows the default login
     chat script to be used.  In this case, the login name is specified
     in the call-out login file (*note Configuration File Names::).

`call-timegrade'
     `uunet' is requested to not send us news during the daytime.

`chat-fail'
     If the modem returns `BUSY' or `NO CARRIER' the call is
     immediately aborted.

`protocol-parameter'
     Since `uunet' tends to be slow, the default timeout has been
     increased.

   This `sys' file relies on certain defaults.  It will allow `uunet'
to queue up `rmail' and `rnews' commands.  It will allow users to
request files from `uunet' into the UUCP public directory.  It will
also allow `uunet' to request files from the UUCP public directory; in
fact `uunet' never requests files, but for additional security we could
add the line `request false'.

     # The following information is for uunet
     system uunet
     
     # The login name and password are kept in the callout password file
     call-login *
     call-password *
     
     # We can send anything at any time.
     time any
     
     # During the day we only accept grade `Z' or above; at other times
     # (not mentioned here) we accept all grades.  uunet queues up news
     # at grade `d', which is lower than `Z'.
     call-timegrade Z Wk0755-2305,Su1655-2305
     
     # The phone number.
     phone 7389449
     
     # uunet tends to be slow, so we increase the timeout
     chat-timeout 120
     
     # We are using a preconfigured Telebit 2500.
     port type modem
     port device /dev/ttyd0
     port speed 19200
     port carrier true
     port dialer chat "" ATZ\r\d\c OK ATDT\D CONNECT
     port dialer chat-fail BUSY
     port dialer chat-fail NO\sCARRIER
     port dialer complete \d\d+++\d\dATH\r\c
     port dialer abort \d\d+++\d\dATH\r\c
     
     # Increase the timeout and the number of retries.
     protocol-parameter g timeout 20
     protocol-parameter g retries 10


File: uucp.info,  Node: Gateway Example,  Prev: Leaf Example,  Up: Configuration Examples

Gateway Example
---------------

   Many organizations have several local machines which are connected by
UUCP, and a single machine which connects to the outside world.  This
single machine is often referred to as a "gateway" machine.

   For this example I will assume a fairly simple case.  It should still
provide a good general example.  There are three machines, `elmer',
`comton' and `bugs'.  `elmer' is the gateway machine for which I will
show the configuration file.  `elmer' calls out to `uupsi'.  As an
additional complication, `uupsi' knows `elmer' as `airs'; this will
show how a machine can have one name on an internal network but a
different name to the external world.  `elmer' has two modems.  It also
has an TCP connection to `uupsi', but since that is supposed to be
reserved for interactive work (it is, perhaps, only a 9600 baud SLIP
line) it will only use it if the modems are not available.

   A network this small would normally use a single `sys' file.
However, for pedagogical purposes I will show two separate `sys' files,
one for the local systems and one for `uupsi'.  This is done with the
`sysfile' command in the `config' file.  Here is the `config' file.

     # This is config
     # The local sys file
     sysfile /usr/local/lib/uucp/sys.local
     # The remote sys file
     sysfile /usr/local/lib/uucp/sys.remote

   Using the defaults feature of the `sys' file can greatly simplify
the listing of local systems.  Here is `sys.local'.  Note that this
assumes that the local systems are trusted; they are permited to request
any world readable file and to write files into any world writable
directory.

     # This is sys.local
     # Get the login name and password to use from the call-out file
     call-login *
     call-password *
     
     # The systems must use a particular login
     called-login Ulocal
     
     # Permit sending any world readable file
     local-send /
     remote-send /
     
     # Permit receiving into any world writable directory
     local-receive /
     remote-receive /
     
     # Call at any time
     time any
     
     # Use port1, then port2
     port port1
     
     alternate
     
     port port2
     
     # Now define the systems themselves.  Because of all the defaults we
     # used, there is very little to specify for the systems themselves.
     
     system comton
     phone 5551212
     
     system bugs
     phone 5552424

   The `sys.remote' file describes the `uupsi' connection.  The
`myname' command is used to change the UUCP name to `airs' when talking
to `uupsi'.

     # This is sys.remote
     # Define uupsi
     system uupsi
     
     # The login name and password are in the call-out file
     call-login *
     call-password *
     
     # We can call out at any time
     time any
     
     # uupsi uses a special login name
     called-login Uuupsi
     
     # uuspi thinks of us as `airs'
     myname airs
     
     # The phone number
     phone 5554848
     
     # We use port2 first, then port1, then TCP
     
     port port2
     
     alternate
     
     port port1
     
     alternate
     
     # We don't bother to make a special entry in the port file for TCP, we
     # just describe the entire port right here.  We use a special chat
     # script over TCP because the usual one confuses some TCP servers.
     port type TCP
     address uu.psi.com
     chat ogin: \L word: \P

   The ports are defined in the file `port' (*note port File::).  For
this example they are both connected to the same type of 2400 baud
Hayes-compatible modem.

     # This is port
     
     port port1
     type modem
     device /dev/ttyd0
     dialer hayes
     speed 2400
     
     port port2
     type modem
     device /dev/ttyd1
     dialer hayes
     speed 2400

   Dialers are described in the `dial' file (*note dial File::).

     # This is dial
     
     dialer hayes
     
     # The chat script used to dial the phone.  \D is the phone number.
     chat "" ATZ\r\d\c OK ATDT\D CONNECT
     
     # If we get BUSY or NO CARRIER we abort the dial immediately
     chat-fail BUSY
     chat-fail NO\sCARRIER
     
     # When the call is over we make sure we hangup the modem.
     complete \d\d+++\d\dATH\r\c
     abort \d\d+++\d\dATH\r\c


File: uucp.info,  Node: Time Strings,  Next: Chat Scripts,  Prev: Configuration Examples,  Up: Configuration Files

Time Strings
============

   Several commands use time strings to specify a range of times.  This
section describes how to write time strings.

   A time string may be a list of simple time strings separated with a
vertical bar `|' or a comma `,'.

   Each simple time string must begin with `Su', `Mo', `Tu', `We',
`Th', `Fr', or `Sa', or `Wk' for any weekday, or `Any' for any day.

   Following the day may be a range of hours separated with a hyphen
using 24 hour time.  The range of hours may cross 0; for example
`2300-0700' means any time except 7 AM to 11 PM.  If no time is given,
calls may be made at any time on the specified day(s).

   The time string may also be the single word `Never', which does not
match any time.  The time string may also be a single word with a name
defined in a previous `timetable' command (*note Miscellaneous
(config)::).

   Here are a few sample time strings with an explanation of what they
mean.

`Wk2305-0855,Sa,Su2305-1655'
     This means weekdays before 8:55 AM or after 11:05 PM, any time
     Saturday, or Sunday before 4:55 PM or after 11:05 PM.  These are
     approximately the times during which night rates apply to phone
     calls in the U.S.A.  Note that this time string uses, for example,
     `2305' rather than `2300'; this will ensure a cheap rate phone
     call even if the computer clock is running up to five minutes
     ahead of the real time.

`Wk0905-2255,Su1705-2255'
     This means weekdays from 9:05 AM to 10:55 PM, or Sunday from 5:05
     PM to 10:55 PM.  This is approximately the opposite of the
     previous example.

`Any'
     This means any day.  Since no time is specified, it means any time
     on any day.


File: uucp.info,  Node: Chat Scripts,  Next: config File,  Prev: Time Strings,  Up: Configuration Files

Chat Scripts
============

   Chat scripts are used in several different places, such as dialing
out on modems or logging in to remote systems.  Chat scripts are made
up of pairs of strings.  The program waits until it sees the first
string, known as the "expect" string, and then sends out the second
string, the "send" string.

   Each chat script is defined using a set of commands.  These commands
always end in a string beginning with `chat', but may start with
different strings.  For example, in the `sys' file there is one set of
commands beginning with `chat' and another set beginning with
`called-chat'.  The prefixes are only used to disambiguate different
types of chat scripts, and this section ignores the prefixes when
describing the commands.

`chat STRINGS'
     Specify a chat script.  The arguments to the `chat' command are
     pairs of strings separated by whitespace.  The first string of
     each pair is an expect string, the second is a send string.  The
     program will wait for the expect string to appear; when it does,
     the program will send the send string.  If the expect string does
     not appear within a certain number of seconds (as set by the
     `chat-timeout' command), the chat script fails and, typically, the
     call is aborted.  If the final expect string is seen (and the
     optional final send string has been sent), the chat script is
     successful.

     An expect string may contain additional subsend and subexpect
     strings, separated by hyphens.  If the expect string is not seen,
     the subsend string is sent and the chat script continues by
     waiting for the subexpect string.  This means that a hyphen may
     not appear in an expect string; on an ASCII system, use `\055'
     instead.

     An expect string may simply be `""', meaning to skip the expect
     phase.  Otherwise, the following escape characters may appear in
     expect strings:

    `\b'
          a backspace character

    `\n'
          a newline or line feed character

    `\N'
          a null character (for HDB compatibility)

    `\r'
          a carriage return character

    `\s'
          a space character

    `\t'
          a tab character

    `\\'
          a backslash character

    `\DDD'
          character DDD, where DDD are up to three octal digits

    `\xDDD'
          character DDD, where DDD are hexadecimal digits.

     As in C, there may be up to three octal digits following a
     backslash, but the hexadecimal escape sequence continues as far as
     possible.  To follow a hexadecimal escape sequence with a hex
     digit, interpose a send string of `""'.

     A chat script expect string may also specify a timeout.  This is
     done by using the escape sequence `\WSECONDS'.  This escape
     sequence may only appear at the very end of the expect string.  It
     temporarily overrides the timeout set by `chat-timeout' (described
     below) only for the expect string to which it is attached.

     A send string may simply be `""' to skip the send phase.
     Otherwise, all of the escape characters legal for expect strings
     may be used, and the following escape characters are also
     permitted:

    `EOT'
          send an end of transmission character (`^D')

    `BREAK'
          send a break character (may not work on all systems)

    `\c'
          suppress trailing carriage return at end of send string

    `\d'
          delay sending for 1 or 2 seconds

    `\e'
          disable echo checking

    `\E'
          enable echo checking

    `\K'
          same as `BREAK' (for HDB compatibility)

    `\p'
          pause sending for a fraction of a second

     Some specific types of chat scripts also define additional escape
     sequences that may appear in the send string.  For example, the
     login chat script defines `\L' and `\P' to send the login name and
     password, respectively.

     A carriage return will be sent at the end of each send string,
     unless the `\c' escape sequence appears in the string.  Note that
     some UUCP packages use `\b' for break, but here it means backspace.

     Echo checking means that after writing each character the program
     will wait until the character is echoed.  Echo checking must be
     turned on separately for each send string for which it is desired;
     it will be turned on for characters following `\E' and turned off
     for characters following `\e'.

`chat-timeout NUMBER'
     The number of seconds to wait for an expect string in the chat
     script, before timing out and sending the next subsend, or failing
     the chat script entirely.  The default value is 10 for a login
     chat or 60 for any other type of chat.

`chat-fail STRING'
     If the STRING is seen at any time during a chat script, the chat
     script is aborted.  The string may not contain any whitespace
     characters: escape sequences must be used for them.  Multiple
     `chat-fail' commands may appear in a single chat script.  The
     default is to have none.

     This permits a chat script to be quickly aborted if an error
     string is seen.  For example, a script used to dial out on a modem
     might use the command `chat-fail BUSY' to stop the chat script
     immediately if the string `BUSY' was seen.

     The `chat-fail' strings are considered in the order they are
     listed, so if one string is a suffix of another the longer one
     should be listed first.  This affects the error message which will
     be logged.  Of course, if one string is contained within another,
     but is not a suffix, the smaller string will always be found
     before the larger string could match.

`chat-seven-bit BOOLEAN'
     If the argument is true, all incoming characters are stripped to
     seven bits when being compared to the expect string.  Otherwise
     all eight bits are used in the comparison.  The default is true,
     because some Unix systems generate parity bits during the login
     prompt which must be ignored while running a chat script.  This
     has no effect on any `chat-program', which must ignore parity by
     itself if necessary.

`chat-program STRINGS'
     Specify a program to run before executing the chat script.  This
     program could run its own version of a chat script, or it could do
     whatever it wants.  If both `chat-program' and `chat' are
     specified, the program is executed first followed by the chat
     script.

     The first argument to the `chat-program' command is the program
     name to run.  The remaining arguments are passed to the program.
     The following escape sequences are recognized in the arguments:

    `\Y'
          port device name

    `\S'
          port speed

    `\\'
          backslash

     Some specific uses of `chat-program' define additional escape
     sequences.

     Arguments other than escape sequences are passed exactly as they
     appear in the configuration file, except that sequences of
     whitespace are compressed to a single space character (this
     exception may be removed in the future).

     If the `chat-program' command is not used, no program is run.

     On Unix, the standard input and standard output of the program
     will be attached to the port in use.  Anything the program writes
     to standard error will be written to the UUCP log file.  No other
     file descriptors will be open.  If the program does not exit with
     a status of 0, it will be assumed to have failed.  This means that
     the dialing programs used by some versions of HDB may not be used
     directly, but you may be able to run them via the `dialHDB'
     program in the `contrib' directory.

     The program will be run as the `uucp' user, and the environment
     will be that of the process that started `uucico', so care must be
     taken to maintain security.

     No search path is used to find the program; a full file name must
     be given.  If the program is an executable shell script, it will
     be passed to `/bin/sh' even on systems which are unable to execute
     shell scripts.

   Here is a simple example of a chat script that might be used to
reset a Hayes compatible modem.

     chat "" ATZ OK-ATZ-OK

   The first expect string is `""', so it is ignored.  The chat script
then sends `ATZ'.  If the modem responds with `OK', the chat script
finishes.  If 60 seconds (the default timeout) pass before seeing `OK',
the chat script sends another `ATZ'.  If it then sees `OK', the chat
script succeeds.  Otherwise, the chat script fails.

   For a more complex chat script example, see *Note Logging In::.


File: uucp.info,  Node: config File,  Next: sys File,  Prev: Chat Scripts,  Up: Configuration Files

The Main Configuration File
===========================

   The main configuration file is named `config'.

   Since all the values that may be specified in the main configuration
file also have defaults, there need not be a main configuration file at
all.

   Each command in `config' may have a program prefix, which is a
separate word appearing at the beginning of the line.  The currently
supported prefixes are `uucp' and `cu'.  Any command prefixed by `uucp'
will not be read by the `cu' program.  Any command prefixed by `cu'
will only be read by the `cu' program.  For example, to use a list of
systems known only to `cu', list them in a separate file `FILE' and put
`cu sysfile `FILE'' in `config'.

* Menu:

* Miscellaneous (config)::      Miscellaneous config File Commands
* Configuration File Names::    Using Different Configuration Files
* Log File Names::              Using Different Log Files
* Debugging Levels::            Debugging Levels


File: uucp.info,  Node: Miscellaneous (config),  Next: Configuration File Names,  Prev: config File,  Up: config File

Miscellaneous config File Commands
----------------------------------

`nodename STRING'
`hostname STRING'
`uuname STRING'
     These keywords are equivalent.  They specify the UUCP name of the
     local host.  If there is no configuration file, an appropriate
     system function will be used to get the host name, if possible.

`spool STRING'
     Specify the spool directory.  The default is from `policy.h'.  This
     is where UUCP files are queued.  Status files and various sorts of
     temporary files are also stored in this directory and
     subdirectories of it.

`pubdir STRING'
     Specify the public directory.  The default is from `policy.h'.
     When a file is named using a leading `~/', it is taken from or to
     the public directory.  Each system may use a separate public
     directory by using the `pubdir' command in the system
     configuration file; see *Note Miscellaneous (sys)::.

`lockdir STRING'
     Specify the directory to place lock files in.  The default is from
     `policy.h'; see the information in that file.  Normally the lock
     directory should be set correctly in `policy.h', and not changed
     here.  However, changing the lock directory is sometimes useful for
     testing purposes.  This only affects lock files for devices and
     systems; it does not affect certain internal lock files which are
     stored in the spool directory (*note Spool Lock Files::).

`unknown STRING ...'
     The STRING and subsequent arguments are treated as though they
     appeared in the system file (*note sys File::).  They are used to
     apply to any unknown systems that may call in, probably to set
     file transfer permissions and the like.  If the `unknown' command
     is not used, unknown systems are not permitted to call in.

`strip-login BOOLEAN'
     If the argument is true, then, when `uucico' is doing its own login
     prompting with the `-e', `-l', or `-w' switches, it will strip the
     parity bit when it reads the login name and password.  Otherwise
     all eight bits will be used when checking the strings against the
     UUCP password file.  The default is true, since some other UUCP
     packages send parity bits with the login name and password, and few
     systems use eight bit characters in the password file.

`strip-proto BOOLEAN'
     If the argument is true, then `uucico' will strip the parity bit
     from incoming UUCP protocol commands.  Otherwise all eight bits
     will be used.  This only applies to commands which are not
     encapsulated in a link layer protocol.  The default is true, which
     should always be correct unless your UUCP system names use eight
     bit characters.

`max-uuxqts NUMBER'
     Specify the maximum number of `uuxqt' processes which may run at
     the same time.  Having several `uuxqt' processes running at once
     can significantly slow down a system, but, since `uuxqt' is
     automatically started by `uucico', it can happen quite easily.  The
     default for `max-uuxqts' is 0, which means that there is no limit.
     If HDB configuration files are being read and the code was compiled
     without `HAVE_TAYLOR_CONFIG', then, if the file `Maxuuxqts' in the
     configuration directory contains a readable number, it will be used
     as the value for `max-uuxqts'.

`run-uuxqt STRING or NUMBER'
     Specify when `uuxqt' should be run by `uucico'.  This may be a
     positive number, in which case `uucico' will start a `uuxqt'
     process whenever it receives the given number of execution files
     from the remote system, and, if necessary, at the end of the call.
     The argument may also be one of the strings `once', `percall', or
     `never'.  The string `once' means that `uucico' will start `uuxqt'
     once at the end of execution.  The string `percall' means that
     `uucico' will start `uuxqt' once per call that it makes (this is
     only different from `once' when `uucico' is invoked in a way that
     causes it to make multiple calls, such as when the `-r1' option is
     used without the `-s' option).  The string `never' means that
     `uucico' will never start `uuxqt', in which case `uuxqt' should be
     periodically run via some other mechanism.  The default depends
     upon which type of configuration files are being used; if
     `HAVE_TAYLOR_CONFIG' is used the default is `once', otherwise if
     `HAVE_HDB_CONFIG' is used the default is `percall', and otherwise,
     for `HAVE_V2_CONFIG', the default is `10'.

`timetable STRING STRING'
     The `timetable' defines a timetable that may be used in
     subsequently appearing time strings; see *Note Time Strings::.
     The first string names the timetable entry; the second is a time
     string.

     The following `timetable' commands are predefined.  The NonPeak
     timetable is included for compatibility.  It originally described
     the offpeak hours of Tymnet and Telenet, but both have since
     changed their schedules.

          timetable Evening Wk1705-0755,Sa,Su
          timetable Night Wk2305-0755,Sa,Su2305-1655
          timetable NonPeak Wk1805-0655,Sa,Su

     If this command does not appear, then, obviously, no additional
     timetables will be defined.

`v2-files BOOLEAN'
     If the code was compiled to be able to read V2 configuration
     files, a false argument to this command will prevent them from
     being read.  This can be useful while testing.  The default is
     true.

`hdb-files BOOLEAN'
     If the code was compiled to be able to read HDB configuration
     files, a false argument to this command will prevent them from
     being read.  This can be useful while testing.  The default is
     true.


File: uucp.info,  Node: Configuration File Names,  Next: Log File Names,  Prev: Miscellaneous (config),  Up: config File

Configuration File Names
------------------------

`sysfile STRINGS'
     Specify the system file(s).  The default is the file `sys' in the
     directory NEWCONFIGDIR.  These files hold information about other
     systems with which this system communicates; see *Note sys File::.
     Multiple system files may be given on the line, and the `sysfile'
     command may be repeated; each system file has its own set of
     defaults.

`portfile STRINGS'
     Specify the port file(s).  The default is the file `port' in the
     directory NEWCONFIGDIR.  These files describe ports which are used
     to call other systems and accept calls from other systems; see
     *Note port File::.  No port files need be named at all.  Multiple
     port files may be given on the line, and the `portfile' command
     may be repeated.

`dialfile STRINGS'
     Specify the dial file(s).  The default is the file `dial' in the
     directory NEWCONFIGDIR.  These files describe dialing devices
     (modems); see *Note dial File::.  No dial files need be named at
     all.  Multiple dial files may be given on the line, and the
     `dialfile' command may be repeated.

`dialcodefile STRINGS'
     Specify the dialcode file(s).  The default is the file `dialcode'
     in the directory NEWCONFIGDIR.  These files specify dialcodes that
     may be used when sending phone numbers to a modem.  This permits
     using the same set of phone numbers in different area-codes or
     with different phone systems, by using dialcodes to specify the
     calling sequence.  When a phone number goes through dialcode
     translation, the leading alphabetic characters are stripped off.
     The dialcode files are read line by line, just like any other
     configuration file, and when a line is found whose first word is
     the same as the leading characters from the phone number, the
     second word on the line (which would normally consist of numbers)
     replaces the dialcode in the phone number.  No dialcode file need
     be used.  Multiple dialcode files may be specified on the line,
     and the `dialcodefile' command may be repeated; all the dialcode
     files will be read in turn until a dialcode is located.

`callfile STRINGS'
     Specify the call out login name and password file(s).  The default
     is the file `call' in the directory NEWCONFIGDIR.  If the call out
     login name or password for a system are given as `*' (*note
     Logging In::), these files are read to get the real login name or
     password.  Each line in the file(s) has three words: the system
     name, the login name, and the password.  The login name and
     password may contain escape sequences like those in a chat script
     expect string (*note Chat Scripts::).  This file is only used when
     placing calls to remote systems; the password file described under
     `passwdfile' below is used for incoming calls.  The intention of
     the call out file is to permit the system file to be publically
     readable; the call out files must obviously be kept secure.  These
     files need not be used.  Multiple call out files may be specified
     on the line, and the `callfile' command may be repeated; all the
     files will be read in turn until the system is found.

`passwdfile STRINGS'
     Specify the password file(s) to use for login names when `uucico'
     is doing its own login prompting, which it does when given the
     `-e', `-l' or `-w' switches.  The default is the file `passwd' in
     the directory NEWCONFIGDIR.  Each line in the file(s) has two
     words: the login name and the password (e.g., `Ufoo foopas').
     They may contain escape sequences like those in a chat script
     expect string (*note Chat Scripts::).  The login name is accepted
     before the system name is known, so these are independent of which
     system is calling in; a particular login may be required for a
     system by using the `called-login' command in the system file
     (*note Accepting a Call::).  These password files are optional,
     although one must exist if `uucico' is to present its own login
     prompts.

     As a special exception, a colon may be used to separate the login
     name from the password, and a colon may be used to terminate the
     password.  This means that the login name and password may not
     contain a colon.  This feature, in conjunction with the
     `HAVE_ENCRYPTED_PASSWORDS' macro in `policy.h', permits using a
     standard Unix `/etc/passwd' as a UUCP password file, providing the
     same set of login names and passwords for both `getty' and
     `uucico'.

     Multiple password files may be specified on the line, and the
     `passwdfile' command may be repeated; all the files will be read in
     turn until the login name is found.


File: uucp.info,  Node: Log File Names,  Next: Debugging Levels,  Prev: Configuration File Names,  Up: config File

Log File Names
--------------

`logfile STRING'
     Name the log file.  The default is from `policy.h'.  Logging
     information is written to this file.  If `HAVE_HDB_LOGGING' is
     defined in `policy.h', then by default a separate log file is used
     for each system; using this command to name a log file will cause
     all the systems to use it.

`statfile STRING'
     Name the statistics file.  The default is from `policy.h'.
     Statistical information about file transfers is written to this
     file.

`debugfile STRING'
     Name the file to which all debugging information is written.  The
     default is from `policy.h'.  This command is only effective if the
     code has been compiled to include debugging (this is controlled by
     the `DEBUG' macro in `policy.h').  If debugging is on, messages
     written to the log file are also written to the debugging file to
     make it easier to keep the order of actions straight.  The
     debugging file is different from the log file because information
     such as passwords can appear in it, so it must be not be
     publically readable.

