


PERLTOC(1)       Perl Programmers Reference Guide      PERLTOC(1)


NAME
       perltoc - perl documentation table of contents

DESCRIPTION
       This page provides a brief table of contents for the rest
       of the Perl documentation set.  It is meant to be scanned
       quickly or grepped through to locate the proper section
       you're looking for.

BASIC DOCUMENTATION
       perl - Practical Extraction and Report Language


       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
       AVAILABILITY
       ENVIRONMENT
       AUTHOR
       FILES
       SEE ALSO
       DIAGNOSTICS
       BUGS
       NOTES

       perlfaq - frequently asked questions about Perl ($Date:
       1999/05/23 20:38:02 $)


       DESCRIPTION
           perlfaq: Structural overview of the FAQ.
           the perlfaq1 manpage: General Questions About Perl
           the perlfaq2 manpage: Obtaining and Learning about
           Perl
           the perlfaq3 manpage: Programming Tools
           the perlfaq4 manpage: Data Manipulation
           the perlfaq5 manpage: Files and Formats
           the perlfaq6 manpage: Regexps
           the perlfaq7 manpage: General Perl Language Issues
           the perlfaq8 manpage: System Interaction
           the perlfaq9 manpage: Networking
       About the perlfaq documents
           Where to get the perlfaq
           How to contribute to the perlfaq
           What will happen if you mail your Perl programming
           problems to the authors
       Credits
       Author and Copyright Information
           Bundled Distributions
           Disclaimer
       Changes
           1/November/2000, 23/May/99, 13/April/99, 7/January/99,
           22/June/98, 24/April/97, 23/April/97, 25/March/97,
           18/March/97, 17/March/97 Version, Initial Release:
           11/March/97



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       perlbook - Perl book information


       DESCRIPTION

       perlsyn - Perl syntax

       DESCRIPTION
           Declarations
           Simple statements
           Compound statements
           Loop Control
           For Loops
           Foreach Loops
           Basic BLOCKs and Switch Statements
           Goto
           PODs: Embedded Documentation
           Plain Old Comments (Not!)

       perldata - Perl data types


       DESCRIPTION
           Variable names
           Context
           Scalar values
           Scalar value constructors
           List value constructors
           Slices
           Typeglobs and Filehandles
       SEE ALSO

       perlop - Perl operators and precedence


       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
           Terms and List Operators (Leftward)
           The Arrow Operator
           Auto-increment and Auto-decrement
           Exponentiation
           Symbolic Unary Operators
           Binding Operators
           Multiplicative Operators
           Additive Operators
           Shift Operators
           Named Unary Operators
           Relational Operators
           Equality Operators
           Bitwise And
           Bitwise Or and Exclusive Or
           C-style Logical And





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           C-style Logical Or
           Range Operators
           Conditional Operator
           Assignment Operators
           Comma Operator
           List Operators (Rightward)
           Logical Not
           Logical And
           Logical or and Exclusive Or
           C Operators Missing From Perl
               unary &, unary *, (TYPE)

           Quote and Quote-like Operators
           Regexp Quote-Like Operators
               ?PATTERN?, m/PATTERN/cgimosx, /PATTERN/cgimosx,
               q/STRING/, "'STRING'", qq/STRING/, "STRING",
               qr/STRING/imosx, qx/STRING/, `STRING`, qw/STRING/,
               s/PATTERN/REPLACEMENT/egimosx, tr/SEARCH-
               LIST/REPLACEMENTLIST/cds, y/SEARCHLIST/REPLACE-
               MENTLIST/cds

           Gory details of parsing quoted constructs
               Finding the end, Removal of backslashes before
               delimiters, Interpolation, "<<'EOF'", "m''",
               "s'''", "tr///", "y///", "''", "q//", """", "``",
               "qq//", "qx//", "<file*glob>", "?RE?", "/RE/",
               "m/RE/", "s/RE/foo/",, Interpolation of regular
               expressions, Optimization of regular expressions

           I/O Operators
           Constant Folding
           Bitwise String Operators
           Integer Arithmetic
           Floating-point Arithmetic
           Bigger Numbers

       perlsub - Perl subroutines


       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
           Private Variables via my()
           Persistent Private Variables
           Temporary Values via local()
           Lvalue subroutines
           Passing Symbol Table Entries (typeglobs)
           When to Still Use local()
           Pass by Reference
           Prototypes
           Constant Functions
           Overriding Built-in Functions
           Autoloading





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           Subroutine Attributes
       SEE ALSO

       perlfunc - Perl builtin functions


       DESCRIPTION
           Perl Functions by Category
               Functions for SCALARs or strings, Regular expres-
               sions and pattern matching, Numeric functions,
               Functions for real @ARRAYs, Functions for list
               data, Functions for real %HASHes, Input and output
               functions, Functions for fixed length data or
               records, Functions for filehandles, files, or
               directories, Keywords related to the control flow
               of your perl program, Keywords related to scoping,
               Miscellaneous functions, Functions for processes
               and process groups, Keywords related to perl mod-
               ules, Keywords related to classes and object-ori-
               entedness, Low-level socket functions, System V
               interprocess communication functions, Fetching
               user and group info, Fetching network info, Time-
               related functions, Functions new in perl5, Func-
               tions obsoleted in perl5

           Portability
           Alphabetical Listing of Perl Functions
               -X FILEHANDLE, -X EXPR, -X, abs VALUE, abs, accept
               NEWSOCKET,GENERICSOCKET, alarm SECONDS, alarm,
               atan2 Y,X, bind SOCKET,NAME, binmode FILEHANDLE,
               DISCIPLINE, binmode FILEHANDLE, bless REF,CLASS-
               NAME, bless REF, caller EXPR, caller, chdir EXPR,
               chmod LIST, chomp VARIABLE, chomp LIST, chomp,
               chop VARIABLE, chop LIST, chop, chown LIST, chr
               NUMBER, chr, chroot FILENAME, chroot, close FILE-
               HANDLE, close, closedir DIRHANDLE, connect
               SOCKET,NAME, continue BLOCK, cos EXPR, cos, crypt
               PLAINTEXT,SALT, dbmclose HASH, dbmopen
               HASH,DBNAME,MASK, defined EXPR, defined, delete
               EXPR, die LIST, do BLOCK, do SUBROUTINE(LIST), do
               EXPR, dump LABEL, dump, each HASH, eof FILEHANDLE,
               eof (), eof, eval EXPR, eval BLOCK, exec LIST,
               exec PROGRAM LIST, exists EXPR, exit EXPR, exp
               EXPR, exp, fcntl FILEHANDLE,FUNCTION,SCALAR,
               fileno FILEHANDLE, flock FILEHANDLE,OPERATION,
               fork, format, formline PICTURE,LIST, getc FILEHAN-
               DLE, getc, getlogin, getpeername SOCKET, getpgrp
               PID, getppid, getpriority WHICH,WHO, getpwnam
               NAME, getgrnam NAME, gethostbyname NAME, getnetby-
               name NAME, getprotobyname NAME, getpwuid UID, get-
               grgid GID, getservbyname NAME,PROTO, gethostbyaddr
               ADDR,ADDRTYPE, getnetbyaddr ADDR,ADDRTYPE, getpro-
               tobynumber NUMBER, getservbyport PORT,PROTO, getp-
               went, getgrent, gethostent, getnetent,



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               getprotoent, getservent, setpwent, setgrent,
               sethostent STAYOPEN, setnetent STAYOPEN, setpro-
               toent STAYOPEN, setservent STAYOPEN, endpwent,
               endgrent, endhostent, endnetent, endprotoent, end-
               servent, getsockname SOCKET, getsockopt
               SOCKET,LEVEL,OPTNAME, glob EXPR, glob, gmtime
               EXPR, goto LABEL, goto EXPR, goto &NAME, grep
               BLOCK LIST, grep EXPR,LIST, hex EXPR, hex, import,
               index STR,SUBSTR,POSITION, index STR,SUBSTR, int
               EXPR, int, ioctl FILEHANDLE,FUNCTION,SCALAR, join
               EXPR,LIST, keys HASH, kill SIGNAL, LIST, last
               LABEL, last, lc EXPR, lc, lcfirst EXPR, lcfirst,
               length EXPR, length, link OLDFILE,NEWFILE, listen
               SOCKET,QUEUESIZE, local EXPR, localtime EXPR,
               lock, log EXPR, log, lstat FILEHANDLE, lstat EXPR,
               lstat, m//, map BLOCK LIST, map EXPR,LIST, mkdir
               FILENAME,MASK, mkdir FILENAME, msgctl ID,CMD,ARG,
               msgget KEY,FLAGS, msgrcv ID,VAR,SIZE,TYPE,FLAGS,
               msgsnd ID,MSG,FLAGS, my EXPR, my EXPR :
               ATTRIBUTES, next LABEL, next, no Module LIST, oct
               EXPR, oct, open FILEHANDLE,MODE,LIST, open FILE-
               HANDLE,EXPR, open FILEHANDLE, opendir DIRHAN-
               DLE,EXPR, ord EXPR, ord, our EXPR, pack TEM-
               PLATE,LIST, package NAMESPACE, package, pipe READ-
               HANDLE,WRITEHANDLE, pop ARRAY, pop, pos SCALAR,
               pos, print FILEHANDLE LIST, print LIST, print,
               printf FILEHANDLE FORMAT, LIST, printf FORMAT,
               LIST, prototype FUNCTION, push ARRAY,LIST,
               q/STRING/, qq/STRING/, qr/STRING/, qx/STRING/,
               qw/STRING/, quotemeta EXPR, quotemeta, rand EXPR,
               rand, read FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH,OFFSET, read
               FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH, readdir DIRHANDLE, read-
               line EXPR, readlink EXPR, readlink, readpipe EXPR,
               recv SOCKET,SCALAR,LENGTH,FLAGS, redo LABEL, redo,
               ref EXPR, ref, rename OLDNAME,NEWNAME, require
               VERSION, require EXPR, require, reset EXPR, reset,
               return EXPR, return, reverse LIST, rewinddir
               DIRHANDLE, rindex STR,SUBSTR,POSITION, rindex
               STR,SUBSTR, rmdir FILENAME, rmdir, s///, scalar
               EXPR, seek FILEHANDLE,POSITION,WHENCE, seekdir
               DIRHANDLE,POS, select FILEHANDLE, select, select
               RBITS,WBITS,EBITS,TIMEOUT, semctl ID,SEM-
               NUM,CMD,ARG, semget KEY,NSEMS,FLAGS, semop
               KEY,OPSTRING, send SOCKET,MSG,FLAGS,TO, send
               SOCKET,MSG,FLAGS, setpgrp PID,PGRP, setpriority
               WHICH,WHO,PRIORITY, setsockopt SOCKET,LEVEL,OPT-
               NAME,OPTVAL, shift ARRAY, shift, shmctl
               ID,CMD,ARG, shmget KEY,SIZE,FLAGS, shmread
               ID,VAR,POS,SIZE, shmwrite ID,STRING,POS,SIZE,
               shutdown SOCKET,HOW, sin EXPR, sin, sleep EXPR,
               sleep, socket SOCKET,DOMAIN,TYPE,PROTOCOL, socket-
               pair SOCKET1,SOCKET2,DOMAIN,TYPE,PROTOCOL, sort
               SUBNAME LIST, sort BLOCK LIST, sort LIST, splice
               ARRAY,OFFSET,LENGTH,LIST, splice



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               ARRAY,OFFSET,LENGTH, splice ARRAY,OFFSET, splice
               ARRAY, split /PATTERN/,EXPR,LIMIT, split /PAT-
               TERN/,EXPR, split /PATTERN/, split, sprintf FOR-
               MAT, LIST, sqrt EXPR, sqrt, srand EXPR, srand,
               stat FILEHANDLE, stat EXPR, stat, study SCALAR,
               study, sub BLOCK, sub NAME, sub NAME BLOCK, substr
               EXPR,OFFSET,LENGTH,REPLACEMENT, substr EXPR,OFF-
               SET,LENGTH, substr EXPR,OFFSET, symlink OLD-
               FILE,NEWFILE, syscall LIST, sysopen FILEHAN-
               DLE,FILENAME,MODE, sysopen FILEHANDLE,FILE-
               NAME,MODE,PERMS, sysread FILEHAN-
               DLE,SCALAR,LENGTH,OFFSET, sysread FILEHAN-
               DLE,SCALAR,LENGTH, sysseek FILEHANDLE,POSI-
               TION,WHENCE, system LIST, system PROGRAM LIST,
               syswrite FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH,OFFSET, syswrite
               FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH, syswrite FILEHAN-
               DLE,SCALAR, tell FILEHANDLE, tell, telldir DIRHAN-
               DLE, tie VARIABLE,CLASSNAME,LIST, tied VARIABLE,
               time, times, tr///, truncate FILEHANDLE,LENGTH,
               truncate EXPR,LENGTH, uc EXPR, uc, ucfirst EXPR,
               ucfirst, umask EXPR, umask, undef EXPR, undef,
               unlink LIST, unlink, unpack TEMPLATE,EXPR, untie
               VARIABLE, unshift ARRAY,LIST, use Module VERSION
               LIST, use Module VERSION, use Module LIST, use
               Module, use VERSION, utime LIST, values HASH, vec
               EXPR,OFFSET,BITS, wait, waitpid PID,FLAGS, wantar-
               ray, warn LIST, write FILEHANDLE, write EXPR,
               write, y///

       perlreftut - Mark's very short tutorial about references


       DESCRIPTION
       Who Needs Complicated Data Structures?
       The Solution
       Syntax
           Making References
           Using References
       An Example
       Arrow Rule
       Solution
       The Rest
       Summary
       Credits
           Distribution Conditions

       perldsc - Perl Data Structures Cookbook


       DESCRIPTION
           arrays of arrays, hashes of arrays, arrays of hashes,
           hashes of hashes, more elaborate constructs





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       REFERENCES
       COMMON MISTAKES
       CAVEAT ON PRECEDENCE
       WHY YOU SHOULD ALWAYS ""use strict""
       DEBUGGING
       CODE EXAMPLES
       ARRAYS OF ARRAYS
           Declaration of a ARRAY OF ARRAYS
           Generation of a ARRAY OF ARRAYS
           Access and Printing of a ARRAY OF ARRAYS
       HASHES OF ARRAYS
           Declaration of a HASH OF ARRAYS
           Generation of a HASH OF ARRAYS
           Access and Printing of a HASH OF ARRAYS
       ARRAYS OF HASHES
           Declaration of a ARRAY OF HASHES
           Generation of a ARRAY OF HASHES
           Access and Printing of a ARRAY OF HASHES
       HASHES OF HASHES
           Declaration of a HASH OF HASHES
           Generation of a HASH OF HASHES
           Access and Printing of a HASH OF HASHES
       MORE ELABORATE RECORDS
           Declaration of MORE ELABORATE RECORDS
           Declaration of a HASH OF COMPLEX RECORDS
           Generation of a HASH OF COMPLEX RECORDS
       Database Ties
       SEE ALSO
       AUTHOR

       perlrequick - Perl regular expressions quick start


       DESCRIPTION
       The Guide
           Simple word matching
           Using character classes
           Matching this or that
           Grouping things and hierarchical matching
           Extracting matches
           Matching repetitions
           More matching
           Search and replace
           The split operator
       BUGS
       SEE ALSO
       AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
           Acknowledgments

       perlpod - plain old documentation


       DESCRIPTION




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           Verbatim Paragraph
           Command Paragraph
           Ordinary Block of Text
           The Intent
           Embedding Pods in Perl Modules
           Common Pod Pitfalls
       SEE ALSO
       AUTHOR

       perlstyle - Perl style guide


       DESCRIPTION

       perltrap - Perl traps for the unwary

       DESCRIPTION
           Awk Traps
           C Traps
           Sed Traps
           Shell Traps
           Perl Traps
           Perl4 to Perl5 Traps
               Discontinuance, Deprecation, and BugFix traps,
               Parsing Traps, Numerical Traps, General data type
               traps, Context Traps - scalar, list contexts,
               Precedence Traps, General Regular Expression Traps
               using s///, etc, Subroutine, Signal, Sorting
               Traps, OS Traps, DBM Traps, Unclassified Traps

           Discontinuance, Deprecation, and BugFix traps
               Discontinuance, Deprecation, BugFix, Discontinu-
               ance, Discontinuance, Discontinuance, BugFix, Dis-
               continuance, Discontinuance, BugFix, Discontinu-
               ance, Deprecation, Discontinuance, Discontinuance

           Parsing Traps
               Parsing, Parsing, Parsing, Parsing

           Numerical Traps
               Numerical, Numerical, Numerical, Bitwise string
               ops

           General data type traps
               (Arrays), (Arrays), (Hashes), (Globs), (Globs),
               (Scalar String), (Constants), (Scalars), (Variable
               Suicide)

           Context Traps - scalar, list contexts
               (list context), (scalar context), (scalar con-
               text), (list, builtin)

           Precedence Traps
               Precedence, Precedence, Precedence, Precedence,



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               Precedence, Precedence, Precedence

           General Regular Expression Traps using s///, etc.
               Regular Expression, Regular Expression, Regular
               Expression, Regular Expression, Regular Expres-
               sion, Regular Expression, Regular Expression, Reg-
               ular Expression

           Subroutine, Signal, Sorting Traps
               (Signals), (Sort Subroutine), warn() won't let you
               specify a filehandle

           OS Traps
               (SysV), (SysV)

           Interpolation Traps
               Interpolation, Interpolation, Interpolation,
               Interpolation, Interpolation, Interpolation,
               Interpolation, Interpolation, Interpolation

           DBM Traps
               DBM, DBM

           Unclassified Traps
               "require"/"do" trap using returned value, "split"
               on empty string with LIMIT specified

       perlrun - how to execute the Perl interpreter


       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
           #! and quoting on non-Unix systems
               OS/2, MS-DOS, Win95/NT, Macintosh, VMS

           Location of Perl
           Command Switches
               -0[digits], -a, -C, -c, -d, -d:foo[=bar,baz],
               -Dletters, -Dnumber, -e commandline, -Fpattern,
               -h, -i[extension], -Idirectory, -l[octnum],
               -m[-]module, -M[-]module, -M[-]'module ...',
               -[mM][-]module=arg[,arg]..., -n, -p, -P, -s, -S,
               -T, -u, -U, -v, -V, -V:name, -w, -W, -X, -x direc-
               tory

       ENVIRONMENT
           HOME, LOGDIR, PATH, PERL5LIB, PERL5OPT, PERLLIB,
           PERL5DB, PERL5SHELL (specific to the Win32 port),
           PERL_DEBUG_MSTATS, PERL_DESTRUCT_LEVEL, PERL_ROOT
           (specific to the VMS port), SYS$LOGIN (specific to the
           VMS port)






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       perldiag - various Perl diagnostics


       DESCRIPTION

       perllexwarn - Perl Lexical Warnings

       DESCRIPTION
           Default Warnings and Optional Warnings
           What's wrong with -w and ""$^W""
           Controlling Warnings from the Command Line
               -w, -W, -X

           Backward Compatibility
           Category Hierarchy
           Fatal Warnings
           Reporting Warnings from a Module
       TODO
       SEE ALSO
       AUTHOR

       perldebtut - Perl debugging tutorial


       DESCRIPTION
       use strict
       Looking at data and -w and w
       help
       Stepping through code
       Placeholder for a, w, t, T
       REGULAR EXPRESSIONS
       OUTPUT TIPS
       CGI
       GUIs
       SUMMARY
       SEE ALSO
       AUTHOR
       CONTRIBUTORS

       perldebug - Perl debugging


       DESCRIPTION
       The Perl Debugger
           Debugger Commands
               h [command], p expr, x expr, V [pkg [vars]], X
               [vars], T, s [expr], n [expr], r, <CR>, c
               [line|sub], l, l min+incr, l min-max, l line, l
               subname, -, w [line], f filename, /pattern/, ?pat-
               tern?, L, S [[!]regex], t, t expr, b [line] [con-
               dition], b subname [condition], b postpone subname
               [condition], b load filename, b compile subname, d
               [line], D, a [line] command, a [line], A, W expr,
               W, O booloption .., O anyoption? .., O



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               option=value .., < ?, < [ command ], << command, >
               ?, > command, >> command, { ?, { [ command ], {{
               command, ! number, ! -number, ! pattern, !!  cmd,
               H -number, q or ^D, R, |dbcmd, ||dbcmd, command, m
               expr, man [manpage]

           Configurable Options
               "recallCommand", "ShellBang", "pager", "tkRun-
               ning", "signalLevel", "warnLevel", "dieLevel",
               "AutoTrace", "LineInfo", "inhibit_exit", "Print-
               Ret", "ornaments", "frame", "maxTraceLen", "array-
               Depth", "hashDepth", "compactDump", "veryCompact",
               "globPrint", "DumpDBFiles", "DumpPackages",
               "DumpReused", "quote", "HighBit", "undefPrint",
               "UsageOnly", "TTY", "noTTY", "ReadLine", "NonStop"

           Debugger input/output
               Prompt, Multiline commands, Stack backtrace, Line
               Listing Format, Frame listing

           Debugging compile-time statements
           Debugger Customization
           Readline Support
           Editor Support for Debugging
           The Perl Profiler
       Debugging regular expressions
       Debugging memory usage
       SEE ALSO
       BUGS

       perlvar - Perl predefined variables


       DESCRIPTION
           Predefined Names
               $ARG, $_, $<digits>, $MATCH, $&, $PREMATCH, $`,
               $POSTMATCH, $', $LAST_PAREN_MATCH, $+,
               @LAST_MATCH_END, @+, $MULTILINE_MATCHING, $*,
               input_line_number HANDLE EXPR, $INPUT_LINE_NUMBER,
               $NR, $, input_record_separator HANDLE EXPR,
               $INPUT_RECORD_SEPARATOR, $RS, $/, autoflush HANDLE
               EXPR, $OUTPUT_AUTOFLUSH, $|, output_field_separa-
               tor HANDLE EXPR, $OUTPUT_FIELD_SEPARATOR, $OFS,
               $,, output_record_separator HANDLE EXPR, $OUT-
               PUT_RECORD_SEPARATOR, $ORS, $\, $LIST_SEPARATOR,
               $", $SUBSCRIPT_SEPARATOR, $SUBSEP, $;, $OFMT, $#,
               format_page_number HANDLE EXPR, $FORMAT_PAGE_NUM-
               BER, $%, format_lines_per_page HANDLE EXPR, $FOR-
               MAT_LINES_PER_PAGE, $=, format_lines_left HANDLE
               EXPR, $FORMAT_LINES_LEFT, $-, @LAST_MATCH_START,
               @-, "$`" is the same as "substr($var, 0, $-[0])",
               "$&" is the same as "substr($var, $-[0], $+[0] -
               $-[0])", "$'" is the same as "substr($var,
               $+[0])", "$1" is the same as "substr($var, $-[1],



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               $+[1] - $-[1])", "$2" is the same as "substr($var,
               $-[2], $+[2] - $-[2])", "$3" is the same as "sub-
               str $var, $-[3], $+[3] - $-[3])", format_name HAN-
               DLE EXPR, $FORMAT_NAME, $~, format_top_name HANDLE
               EXPR, $FORMAT_TOP_NAME, $^, for-
               mat_line_break_characters HANDLE EXPR, $FOR-
               MAT_LINE_BREAK_CHARACTERS, $:, format_formfeed
               HANDLE EXPR, $FORMAT_FORMFEED, $^L, $ACCUMULATOR,
               $^A, $CHILD_ERROR, $?, $OS_ERROR, $ERRNO, $!,
               $EXTENDED_OS_ERROR, $^E, $EVAL_ERROR, $@, $PRO-
               CESS_ID, $PID, $$, $REAL_USER_ID, $UID, $<,
               $EFFECTIVE_USER_ID, $EUID, $>, $REAL_GROUP_ID,
               $GID, $(, $EFFECTIVE_GROUP_ID, $EGID, $), $PRO-
               GRAM_NAME, $0, $[, $], $COMPILING, $^C, $DEBUG-
               GING, $^D, $SYSTEM_FD_MAX, $^F, $^H, %^H,
               $INPLACE_EDIT, $^I, $^M, $OSNAME, $^O, $PERLDB,
               $^P, 0x01, 0x02, 0x04, 0x08, 0x10, 0x20, 0x40,
               0x80, 0x100, 0x200, $LAST_REGEXP_CODE_RESULT, $^R,
               $EXCEPTIONS_BEING_CAUGHT, $^S, $BASETIME, $^T,
               $PERL_VERSION, $^V, $WARNING, $^W, ${^WARN-
               ING_BITS}, ${^WIDE_SYSTEM_CALLS}, $EXE-
               CUTABLE_NAME, $^X, $ARGV, @ARGV, @INC, @_, %INC,
               %ENV, $ENV{expr}, %SIG, $SIG{expr}

           Error Indicators
           Technical Note on the Syntax of Variable Names
       BUGS

       perllol - Manipulating Arrays of Arrays in Perl


       DESCRIPTION
           Declaration and Access of Arrays of Arrays
           Growing Your Own
           Access and Printing
           Slices
       SEE ALSO
       AUTHOR

       perlopentut - tutorial on opening things in Perl


       DESCRIPTION
       Open A la shell
           Simple Opens
           Pipe Opens
           The Minus File
           Mixing Reads and Writes
           Filters
       Open A la C
           Permissions A la mode
       Obscure Open Tricks





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           Re-Opening Files (dups)
           Dispelling the Dweomer
           Paths as Opens
           Single Argument Open
           Playing with STDIN and STDOUT
       Other I/O Issues
           Opening Non-File Files
           Binary Files
           File Locking
       SEE ALSO
       AUTHOR and COPYRIGHT
       HISTORY

       perlretut - Perl regular expressions tutorial


       DESCRIPTION
       Part 1: The basics
           Simple word matching
           Using character classes
           Matching this or that
           Grouping things and hierarchical matching
           Extracting matches
           Matching repetitions
           Building a regexp
           Using regular expressions in Perl
       Part 2: Power tools
           More on characters, strings, and character classes
           Compiling and saving regular expressions
           Embedding comments and modifiers in a regular expres-
           sion
           Non-capturing groupings
           Looking ahead and looking behind
           Using independent subexpressions to prevent backtrack-
           ing
           Conditional expressions
           A bit of magic: executing Perl code in a regular
           expression
           Pragmas and debugging
       BUGS
       SEE ALSO
       AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
           Acknowledgments

       perlre - Perl regular expressions


       DESCRIPTION
           i, m, s, x

           Regular Expressions
               cntrl, graph, print, punct, xdigit





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           Extended Patterns
               "(?#text)", "(?imsx-imsx)", "(?:pattern)",
               "(?imsx-imsx:pattern)", "(?=pattern)", "(?!pat-
               tern)", "(?<=pattern)", "(?<!pattern)", "(?{ code
               })", "(??{ code })", "(?>pattern)", "(?(condi-
               tion)yes-pattern|no-pattern)", "(?(condi-
               tion)yes-pattern)"

           Backtracking
           Version 8 Regular Expressions
           Warning on \1 vs $1
           Repeated patterns matching zero-length substring
           Combining pieces together
               "ST", "S|T", "S{REPEAT_COUNT}", "S{min,max}",
               "S{min,max}?", "S?", "S*", "S+", "S??", "S*?",
               "S+?", "(?>S)", "(?=S)", "(?<=S)", "(?!S)",
               "(?<!S)", "(??{ EXPR })", "(?(condition)yes-pat-
               tern|no-pattern)"

           Creating custom RE engines
       BUGS
       SEE ALSO

       perlref - Perl references and nested data structures


       NOTE
       DESCRIPTION
           Making References
           Using References
           Symbolic references
           Not-so-symbolic references
           Pseudo-hashes: Using an array as a hash
           Function Templates
       WARNING
       SEE ALSO

       perlform - Perl formats


       DESCRIPTION
           Format Variables
       NOTES
           Footers
           Accessing Formatting Internals
       WARNINGS

       perlboot - Beginner's Object-Oriented Tutorial


       DESCRIPTION
           If we could talk to the animals...





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           Introducing the method invocation arrow
           Invoking a barnyard
           The extra parameter of method invocation
           Calling a second method to simplify things
           Inheriting the windpipes
           A few notes about @ISA
           Overriding the methods
           Starting the search from a different place
           The SUPER way of doing things
           Where we're at so far...
           A horse is a horse, of course of course -- or is it?
           Invoking an instance method
           Accessing the instance data
           How to build a horse
           Inheriting the constructor
           Making a method work with either classes or instances
           Adding parameters to a method
           More interesting instances
           A horse of a different color
           Summary
       SEE ALSO
       COPYRIGHT

       perltoot - Tom's object-oriented tutorial for perl


       DESCRIPTION
       Creating a Class
           Object Representation
           Class Interface
           Constructors and Instance Methods
           Planning for the Future: Better Constructors
           Destructors
           Other Object Methods
       Class Data
           Accessing Class Data
           Debugging Methods
           Class Destructors
           Documenting the Interface
       Aggregation
       Inheritance
           Overridden Methods
           Multiple Inheritance
           UNIVERSAL: The Root of All Objects
       Alternate Object Representations
           Arrays as Objects
           Closures as Objects
       AUTOLOAD: Proxy Methods
           Autoloaded Data Methods
           Inherited Autoloaded Data Methods
       Metaclassical Tools
           Class::Struct





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           Data Members as Variables
       NOTES
           Object Terminology
       SEE ALSO
       AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
       COPYRIGHT
           Acknowledgments

       perltootc - Tom's OO Tutorial for Class Data in Perl


       DESCRIPTION
       Class Data in a Can
       Class Data as Package Variables
           Putting All Your Eggs in One Basket
           Inheritance Concerns
           The Eponymous Meta-Object
           Indirect References to Class Data
           Monadic Classes
           Translucent Attributes
       Class Data as Lexical Variables
           Privacy and Responsibility
           File-Scoped Lexicals
           More Inheritance Concerns
           Locking the Door and Throwing Away the Key
           Translucency Revisited
       NOTES
       SEE ALSO
       AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
       ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
       HISTORY

       perlobj - Perl objects


       DESCRIPTION
           An Object is Simply a Reference
           A Class is Simply a Package
           A Method is Simply a Subroutine
           Method Invocation
           WARNING
           Default UNIVERSAL methods
               isa(CLASS), can(METHOD), VERSION( [NEED] )

           Destructors
           Summary
           Two-Phased Garbage Collection
       SEE ALSO

       perlbot - Bag'o Object Tricks (the BOT)


       DESCRIPTION




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       OO SCALING TIPS
       INSTANCE VARIABLES
       SCALAR INSTANCE VARIABLES
       INSTANCE VARIABLE INHERITANCE
       OBJECT RELATIONSHIPS
       OVERRIDING SUPERCLASS METHODS
       USING RELATIONSHIP WITH SDBM
       THINKING OF CODE REUSE
       CLASS CONTEXT AND THE OBJECT
       INHERITING A CONSTRUCTOR
       DELEGATION

       perltie - how to hide an object class in a simple variable


       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
           Tying Scalars
               TIESCALAR classname, LIST, FETCH this, STORE this,
               value, UNTIE this, DESTROY this

           Tying Arrays
               TIEARRAY classname, LIST, FETCH this, index, STORE
               this, index, value, FETCHSIZE this, STORESIZE
               this, count, EXTEND this, count, EXISTS this, key,
               DELETE this, key, CLEAR this, PUSH this, LIST, POP
               this, SHIFT this, UNSHIFT this, LIST, SPLICE this,
               offset, length, LIST, UNTIE this, DESTROY this

           Tying Hashes
               USER, HOME, CLOBBER, LIST, TIEHASH classname,
               LIST, FETCH this, key, STORE this, key, value,
               DELETE this, key, CLEAR this, EXISTS this, key,
               FIRSTKEY this, NEXTKEY this, lastkey, UNTIE this,
               DESTROY this

           Tying FileHandles
               TIEHANDLE classname, LIST, WRITE this, LIST, PRINT
               this, LIST, PRINTF this, LIST, READ this, LIST,
               READLINE this, GETC this, CLOSE this, UNTIE this,
               DESTROY this

           UNTIE this
           The ""untie"" Gotcha
       SEE ALSO
       BUGS
       AUTHOR

       perlipc - Perl interprocess communication (signals, fifos,
       pipes, safe subprocesses, sockets, and semaphores)


       DESCRIPTION




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       Signals
       Named Pipes
           WARNING
       Using open() for IPC
           Filehandles
           Background Processes
           Complete Dissociation of Child from Parent
           Safe Pipe Opens
           Bidirectional Communication with Another Process
           Bidirectional Communication with Yourself
       Sockets: Client/Server Communication
           Internet Line Terminators
           Internet TCP Clients and Servers
           Unix-Domain TCP Clients and Servers
       TCP Clients with IO::Socket
           A Simple Client
               "Proto", "PeerAddr", "PeerPort"

           A Webget Client
           Interactive Client with IO::Socket
       TCP Servers with IO::Socket
           Proto, LocalPort, Listen, Reuse

       UDP: Message Passing
       SysV IPC
       NOTES
       BUGS
       AUTHOR
       SEE ALSO

       perlfork - Perl's fork() emulation (EXPERIMENTAL, subject
       to change)


       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
           Behavior of other Perl features in forked pseudo-pro-
           cesses
               $$ or $PROCESS_ID, %ENV, chdir() and all other
               builtins that accept filenames, wait() and wait-
               pid(), kill(), exec(), exit(), Open handles to
               files, directories and network sockets

           Resource limits
           Killing the parent process
           Lifetime of the parent process and pseudo-processes
           CAVEATS AND LIMITATIONS
               BEGIN blocks, Open filehandles, Forking pipe
               open() not yet implemented, Global state main-
               tained by XSUBs, Interpreter embedded in larger
               application, Thread-safety of extensions

       BUGS




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       AUTHOR
       SEE ALSO

       perlnumber - semantics of numbers and numeric operations
       in Perl


       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
       Storing numbers
       Numeric operators and numeric conversions
       Flavors of Perl numeric operations
           Arithmetic operators except, "no integer", Arithmetic
           operators except, "use integer", Bitwise operators,
           "no integer", Bitwise operators, "use integer", Opera-
           tors which expect an integer, Operators which expect a
           string

       AUTHOR
       SEE ALSO

       perlthrtut - tutorial on threads in Perl


       DESCRIPTION
       What Is A Thread Anyway?
       Threaded Program Models
           Boss/Worker
           Work Crew
           Pipeline
       Native threads
       What kind of threads are perl threads?
       Threadsafe Modules
       Thread Basics
           Basic Thread Support
           Creating Threads
           Giving up control
           Waiting For A Thread To Exit
           Errors In Threads
           Ignoring A Thread
       Threads And Data
           Shared And Unshared Data
           Thread Pitfall: Races
           Controlling access: lock()
           Thread Pitfall: Deadlocks
           Queues: Passing Data Around
       Threads And Code
           Semaphores: Synchronizing Data Access
               Basic semaphores, Advanced Semaphores

           Attributes: Restricting Access To Subroutines
           Subroutine Locks





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           Methods
           Locking A Subroutine
       General Thread Utility Routines
           What Thread Am I In?
           Thread IDs
           Are These Threads The Same?
           What Threads Are Running?
       A Complete Example
       Conclusion
       Bibliography
           Introductory Texts
           OS-Related References
           Other References
       Acknowledgements
       AUTHOR
       Copyrights

       perlport - Writing portable Perl


       DESCRIPTION
           Not all Perl programs have to be portable, Nearly all
           of Perl already is portable

       ISSUES
           Newlines
           Numbers endianness and Width
           Files and Filesystems
           System Interaction
           Interprocess Communication (IPC)
           External Subroutines (XS)
           Standard Modules
           Time and Date
           Character sets and character encoding
           Internationalisation
           System Resources
           Security
           Style
       CPAN Testers
           Mailing list: cpan-testers@perl.org, Testing results:
           http://testers.cpan.org/

       PLATFORMS
           Unix
           DOS and Derivatives
           Mac OS
           VMS
           VOS
           EBCDIC Platforms
           Acorn RISC OS
           Other perls
       FUNCTION IMPLEMENTATIONS





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           Alphabetical Listing of Perl Functions
               -X FILEHANDLE, -X EXPR, -X, alarm SECONDS, alarm,
               binmode FILEHANDLE, chmod LIST, chown LIST, chroot
               FILENAME, chroot, crypt PLAINTEXT,SALT, dbmclose
               HASH, dbmopen HASH,DBNAME,MODE, dump LABEL, exec
               LIST, fcntl FILEHANDLE,FUNCTION,SCALAR, flock
               FILEHANDLE,OPERATION, fork, getlogin, getpgrp PID,
               getppid, getpriority WHICH,WHO, getpwnam NAME,
               getgrnam NAME, getnetbyname NAME, getpwuid UID,
               getgrgid GID, getnetbyaddr ADDR,ADDRTYPE, getpro-
               tobynumber NUMBER, getservbyport PORT,PROTO, getp-
               went, getgrent, gethostent, getnetent, getpro-
               toent, getservent, setpwent, setgrent, sethostent
               STAYOPEN, setnetent STAYOPEN, setprotoent STAY-
               OPEN, setservent STAYOPEN, endpwent, endgrent,
               endhostent, endnetent, endprotoent, endservent,
               getsockopt SOCKET,LEVEL,OPTNAME, glob EXPR, glob,
               ioctl FILEHANDLE,FUNCTION,SCALAR, kill SIGNAL,
               LIST, link OLDFILE,NEWFILE, lstat FILEHANDLE,
               lstat EXPR, lstat, msgctl ID,CMD,ARG, msgget
               KEY,FLAGS, msgsnd ID,MSG,FLAGS, msgrcv
               ID,VAR,SIZE,TYPE,FLAGS, open FILEHANDLE,EXPR, open
               FILEHANDLE, pipe READHANDLE,WRITEHANDLE, readlink
               EXPR, readlink, select RBITS,WBITS,EBITS,TIMEOUT,
               semctl ID,SEMNUM,CMD,ARG, semget KEY,NSEMS,FLAGS,
               semop KEY,OPSTRING, setgrent, setpgrp PID,PGRP,
               setpriority WHICH,WHO,PRIORITY, setpwent, setsock-
               opt SOCKET,LEVEL,OPTNAME,OPTVAL, shmctl
               ID,CMD,ARG, shmget KEY,SIZE,FLAGS, shmread
               ID,VAR,POS,SIZE, shmwrite ID,STRING,POS,SIZE,
               socketpair SOCKET1,SOCKET2,DOMAIN,TYPE,PROTOCOL,
               stat FILEHANDLE, stat EXPR, stat, symlink OLD-
               FILE,NEWFILE, syscall LIST, sysopen FILEHAN-
               DLE,FILENAME,MODE,PERMS, system LIST, times, trun-
               cate FILEHANDLE,LENGTH, truncate EXPR,LENGTH,
               umask EXPR, umask, utime LIST, wait, waitpid
               PID,FLAGS

       CHANGES
           v1.48, 02 February 2001, v1.47, 22 March 2000, v1.46,
           12 February 2000, v1.45, 20 December 1999, v1.44, 19
           July 1999, v1.43, 24 May 1999, v1.42, 22 May 1999,
           v1.41, 19 May 1999, v1.40, 11 April 1999, v1.39, 11
           February 1999, v1.38, 31 December 1998, v1.37, 19
           December 1998, v1.36, 9 September 1998, v1.35, 13
           August 1998, v1.33, 06 August 1998, v1.32, 05 August
           1998, v1.30, 03 August 1998, v1.23, 10 July 1998

       Supported Platforms
       SEE ALSO
       AUTHORS / CONTRIBUTORS
       VERSION





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       perllocale - Perl locale handling (internationalization
       and localization)


       DESCRIPTION
       PREPARING TO USE LOCALES
       USING LOCALES
           The use locale pragma
           The setlocale function
           Finding locales
           LOCALE PROBLEMS
           Temporarily fixing locale problems
           Permanently fixing locale problems
           Permanently fixing your system's locale configuration
           Fixing system locale configuration
           The localeconv function
       LOCALE CATEGORIES
           Category LC_COLLATE: Collation
           Category LC_CTYPE: Character Types
           Category LC_NUMERIC: Numeric Formatting
           Category LC_MONETARY: Formatting of monetary amounts
           LC_TIME
           Other categories
       SECURITY
       ENVIRONMENT
           PERL_BADLANG, LC_ALL, LANGUAGE, LC_CTYPE, LC_COLLATE,
           LC_MONETARY, LC_NUMERIC, LC_TIME, LANG

       NOTES
           Backward compatibility
           I18N:Collate obsolete
           Sort speed and memory use impacts
           write() and LC_NUMERIC
           Freely available locale definitions
           I18n and l10n
           An imperfect standard
       BUGS
           Broken systems
       SEE ALSO
       HISTORY

       perlunicode - Unicode support in Perl (EXPERIMENTAL, sub-
       ject to change)


       DESCRIPTION
           Important Caveat
               Input and Output Disciplines, Regular Expressions,
               "use utf8" still needed to enable a few features

           Byte and Character semantics
           Effects of character semantics





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           Character encodings for input and output
       CAVEATS
       SEE ALSO

       perlebcdic - Considerations for running Perl on EBCDIC
       platforms


       DESCRIPTION
       COMMON CHARACTER CODE SETS
           ASCII
           ISO 8859
           Latin 1 (ISO 8859-1)
           EBCDIC
           13 variant characters
           0037
           1047
           POSIX-BC
       SINGLE OCTET TABLES
           recipe 0, recipe 1, recipe 2, recipe 3, recipe 4

       IDENTIFYING CHARACTER CODE SETS
       CONVERSIONS
           tr///
           iconv
           C RTL
       OPERATOR DIFFERENCES
       FUNCTION DIFFERENCES
           chr(), ord(), pack(), print(), printf(), sort(),
           sprintf(), unpack()

       REGULAR EXPRESSION DIFFERENCES
       SOCKETS
       SORTING
           Ignore ASCII vs. EBCDIC sort differences.
           MONO CASE then sort data.
           Convert, sort data, then re convert.
           Perform sorting on one type of machine only.
       TRANFORMATION FORMATS
           URL decoding and encoding
           uu encoding and decoding
           Quoted-Printable encoding and decoding
           Caesarian cyphers
       Hashing order and checksums
       I18N AND L10N
       MULTI OCTET CHARACTER SETS
       OS ISSUES
           OS/400
               IFS access

           OS/390
               chcp, dataset access, OS/390 iconv, locales





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           VM/ESA?
           POSIX-BC?
       BUGS
       SEE ALSO
       REFERENCES
       AUTHOR

       perlsec - Perl security


       DESCRIPTION
           Laundering and Detecting Tainted Data
           Switches On the ""#!"" Line
           Cleaning Up Your Path
           Security Bugs
           Protecting Your Programs
       SEE ALSO

       perlmod - Perl modules (packages and symbol tables)


       DESCRIPTION
           Packages
           Symbol Tables
           Package Constructors and Destructors
           Perl Classes
           Perl Modules
       SEE ALSO

       perlmodlib - constructing new Perl modules and finding
       existing ones


       DESCRIPTION
       THE PERL MODULE LIBRARY
           Pragmatic Modules
               attributes, attrs, autouse, base, blib, bytes,
               charnames, constant, diagnostics, fields,
               filetest, integer, less, lib, locale, open, ops,
               overload, re, sigtrap, strict, subs, utf8, vars,
               warnings, warnings::register

           Standard Modules
               AnyDBM_File, AutoLoader, AutoSplit, B, B::Asmdata,
               B::Assembler, B::Bblock, B::Bytecode, B::C, B::CC,
               B::Concise, B::Debug, B::Deparse, B::Disassembler,
               B::Lint, B::Showlex, B::Stackobj, B::Stash,
               B::Terse, B::Xref, Benchmark, ByteLoader, CGI,
               CGI::Apache, CGI::Carp, CGI::Cookie, CGI::Fast,
               CGI::Pretty, CGI::Push, CGI::Switch, CGI::Util,
               CPAN, CPAN::FirstTime, CPAN::Nox, Carp,
               Carp::Heavy, Class::Struct, Cwd, DB, DB_File,
               Devel::SelfStubber, DirHandle, Dumpvalue, English,
               Env, Exporter, Exporter::Heavy, ExtUtils::Command,



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               ExtUtils::Embed, ExtUtils::Install, ExtU-
               tils::Installed, ExtUtils::Liblist, ExtU-
               tils::MM_Cygwin, ExtUtils::MM_OS2, ExtU-
               tils::MM_Unix, ExtUtils::MM_VMS, ExtU-
               tils::MM_Win32, ExtUtils::MakeMaker, ExtU-
               tils::Manifest, ExtUtils::Mkbootstrap, ExtU-
               tils::Mksymlists, ExtUtils::Packlist, ExtU-
               tils::testlib, Fatal, Fcntl, File::Basename,
               File::CheckTree, File::Compare, File::Copy,
               File::DosGlob, File::Find, File::Path, File::Spec,
               File::Spec::Epoc, File::Spec::Functions,
               File::Spec::Mac, File::Spec::OS2,
               File::Spec::Unix, File::Spec::VMS,
               File::Spec::Win32, File::Temp, File::stat, File-
               Cache, FileHandle, FindBin, GDBM_File,
               Getopt::Long, Getopt::Std, I18N::Collate, IO,
               IPC::Open2, IPC::Open3, Math::BigFloat, Math::Big-
               Int, Math::Complex, Math::Trig, Net::Ping,
               Net::hostent, Net::netent, Net::protoent,
               Net::servent, O, Opcode, POSIX, Pod::Checker,
               Pod::Find, Pod::Html, Pod::InputObjects,
               Pod::LaTeX, Pod::Man, Pod::ParseUtils,
               Pod::Parser, Pod::Plainer, Pod::Select, Pod::Text,
               Pod::Text::Color, Pod::Text::Overstrike,
               Pod::Text::Termcap, Pod::Usage, SDBM_File, Safe,
               Search::Dict, SelectSaver, SelfLoader, Shell,
               Socket, Symbol, Term::ANSIColor, Term::Cap,
               Term::Complete, Term::ReadLine, Test, Test::Har-
               ness, Text::Abbrev, Text::ParseWords,
               Text::Soundex, Text::Tabs, Text::Wrap, Thread,
               Thread::Queue, Thread::Semaphore, Thread::Signal,
               Thread::Specific, Tie::Array, Tie::Handle,
               Tie::Hash, Tie::RefHash, Tie::Scalar, Tie::Sub-
               strHash, Time::Local, Time::gmtime, Time::local-
               time, Time::tm, UNIVERSAL, User::grent,
               User::pwent, Win32

           Extension Modules
       CPAN
           Africa
           Asia
           Central America
           Europe
           North America
           Oceania
           South America
       Modules: Creation, Use, and Abuse
           Guidelines for Module Creation
               Adding a Copyright Notice

           Guidelines for Converting Perl 4 Library Scripts into
           Modules





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           Guidelines for Reusing Application Code
       NOTE

       perlmodinstall - Installing CPAN Modules


       DESCRIPTION
           PREAMBLE
               DECOMPRESS the file, UNPACK the file into a direc-
               tory, BUILD the module (sometimes unnecessary),
               INSTALL the module

       PORTABILITY
       HEY
       AUTHOR
       COPYRIGHT

       perlnewmod - preparing a new module for distribution


       DESCRIPTION
           Warning
           What should I make into a module?
           Step-by-step: Preparing the ground
               Look around, Check it's new, Discuss the need,
               Choose a name, Check again

           Step-by-step: Making the module
               Start with h2xs, Use strict and warnings, Use
               Carp, Use Exporter - wisely!, Use plain old docu-
               mentation, Write tests, Write the README

           Step-by-step: Distributing your module
               Get a CPAN user ID, "perl Makefile.PL; make test;
               make dist", Upload the tarball, Announce to the
               modules list, Announce to clpa, Fix bugs!

       AUTHOR
       SEE ALSO

       perlfaq1 - General Questions About Perl ($Revision: 1.5 $,
       $Date: 1999/05/23 16:08:30 $)


       DESCRIPTION
           What is Perl?
           Who supports Perl?  Who develops it?  Why is it free?
           Which version of Perl should I use?
           What are perl4 and perl5?
           What is perl6?
           How stable is Perl?
           Is Perl difficult to learn?





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           How does Perl compare with other languages like Java,
           Python, REXX, Scheme, or Tcl?
           Can I do [task] in Perl?
           When shouldn't I program in Perl?
           What's the difference between ""perl"" and ""Perl""?
           Is it a Perl program or a Perl script?
           What is a JAPH?
           Where can I get a list of Larry Wall witticisms?
           How can I convince my sysadmin/supervisor/employees to
           use ver- sion 5/5.005/Perl instead of some other lan-
           guage?
       AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT

       perlfaq2 - Obtaining and Learning about Perl ($Revision:
       1.5 $, $Date: 2001/05/24 18:35:59 $)


       DESCRIPTION
           What machines support Perl?  Where do I get it?
           How can I get a binary version of Perl?
           I don't have a C compiler on my system.  How can I
           compile perl?
           I copied the Perl binary from one machine to another,
           but scripts don't work.
           I grabbed the sources and tried to compile but
           gdbm/dynamic load- ing/malloc/linking/... failed.  How
           do I make it work?
           What modules and extensions are available for Perl?
           What is CPAN? What does CPAN/src/... mean?
           Is there an ISO or ANSI certified version of Perl?
           Where can I get information on Perl?
           What are the Perl newsgroups on Usenet?  Where do I
           post ques- tions?
           Where should I post source code?
           Perl Books
               References, Tutorials, Task-Oriented, Special Top-
               ics

           Perl in Magazines
           Perl on the Net: FTP and WWW Access
           What mailing lists are there for Perl?
           Archives of comp.lang.perl.misc
           Where can I buy a commercial version of Perl?
           Where do I send bug reports?
           What is perl.com? Perl Mongers? pm.org? perl.org?
       AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT

       perlfaq3 - Programming Tools ($Revision: 1.5 $, $Date:
       1999/05/23 16:08:30 $)


       DESCRIPTION





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           How do I do (anything)?
           How can I use Perl interactively?
           Is there a Perl shell?
           How do I debug my Perl programs?
           How do I profile my Perl programs?
           How do I cross-reference my Perl programs?
           Is there a pretty-printer (formatter) for Perl?
           Is there a ctags for Perl?
           Is there an IDE or Windows Perl Editor?
               CodeMagicCD, Komodo, The Object System, Perl-
               Builder, Perl code magic, visiPerl+, GNU Emacs,
               MicroEMACS, XEmacs, Elvis, Vile, Vim, Codewright,
               MultiEdit, SlickEdit, Bash, Ksh, Tcsh, Zsh, BBEdit
               and BBEdit Lite, Alpha

           Where can I get Perl macros for vi?
           Where can I get perl-mode for emacs?
           How can I use curses with Perl?
           How can I use X or Tk with Perl?
           How can I generate simple menus without using CGI or
           Tk?
           What is undump?
           How can I make my Perl program run faster?
           How can I make my Perl program take less memory?
           Is it unsafe to return a pointer to local data?
           How can I free an array or hash so my program shrinks?
           How can I make my CGI script more efficient?
           How can I hide the source for my Perl program?
           How can I compile my Perl program into byte code or C?
           How can I compile Perl into Java?
           How can I get ""#!perl"" to work on [MS-DOS,NT,...]?
           Can I write useful Perl programs on the command line?
           Why don't Perl one-liners work on my DOS/Mac/VMS sys-
           tem?
           Where can I learn about CGI or Web programming in
           Perl?
           Where can I learn about object-oriented Perl program-
           ming?
           Where can I learn about linking C with Perl? [h2xs,
           xsubpp]
           I've read perlembed, perlguts, etc., but I can't embed
           perl in my C program; what am I doing wrong?
           When I tried to run my script, I got this message.
           What does it mean?
           What's MakeMaker?
       AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT

       perlfaq4 - Data Manipulation ($Revision: 1.5 $, $Date:
       1999/05/23 20:37:49 $)


       DESCRIPTION





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       Data: Numbers
           Why am I getting long decimals (eg, 19.9499999999999)
           instead of the numbers I should be getting (eg,
           19.95)?
           Why isn't my octal data interpreted correctly?
           Does Perl have a round() function?  What about ceil()
           and floor()? Trig functions?
           How do I convert bits into ints?
           Why doesn't & work the way I want it to?
           How do I multiply matrices?
           How do I perform an operation on a series of integers?
           How can I output Roman numerals?
           Why aren't my random numbers random?
       Data: Dates
           How do I find the week-of-the-year/day-of-the-year?
           How do I find the current century or millennium?
           How can I compare two dates and find the difference?
           How can I take a string and turn it into epoch sec-
           onds?
           How can I find the Julian Day?
           How do I find yesterday's date?
           Does Perl have a Year 2000 problem?  Is Perl Y2K com-
           pliant?
       Data: Strings
           How do I validate input?
           How do I unescape a string?
           How do I remove consecutive pairs of characters?
           How do I expand function calls in a string?
           How do I find matching/nesting anything?
           How do I reverse a string?
           How do I expand tabs in a string?
           How do I reformat a paragraph?
           How can I access/change the first N letters of a
           string?
           How do I change the Nth occurrence of something?
           How can I count the number of occurrences of a
           substring within a string?
           How do I capitalize all the words on one line?
           How can I split a [character] delimited string except
           when inside [character]? (Comma-separated files)
           How do I strip blank space from the beginning/end of a
           string?
           How do I pad a string with blanks or pad a number with
           zeroes?
           How do I extract selected columns from a string?
           How do I find the soundex value of a string?
           How can I expand variables in text strings?
           What's wrong with always quoting ""$vars""?
           Why don't my <<HERE documents work?
               1. There must be no space after the << part, 2.
               There (probably) should be a semicolon at the end,
               3. You can't (easily) have any space in front of
               the tag




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       Data: Arrays
           What is the difference between a list and an array?
           What is the difference between $array[1] and
           @array[1]?
           How can I remove duplicate elements from a list or
           array?
               a), b), c), d), e)

           How can I tell whether a list or array contains a
           certain ele- ment?
           How do I compute the difference of two arrays?  How do
           I compute the intersection of two arrays?
           How do I test whether two arrays or hashes are equal?
           How do I find the first array element for which a
           condition is true?
           How do I handle linked lists?
           How do I handle circular lists?
           How do I shuffle an array randomly?
           How do I process/modify each element of an array?
           How do I select a random element from an array?
           How do I permute N elements of a list?
           How do I sort an array by (anything)?
           How do I manipulate arrays of bits?
           Why does defined() return true on empty arrays and
           hashes?
       Data: Hashes (Associative Arrays)
           How do I process an entire hash?
           What happens if I add or remove keys from a hash while
           iterating over it?
           How do I look up a hash element by value?
           How can I know how many entries are in a hash?
           How do I sort a hash (optionally by value instead of
           key)?
           How can I always keep my hash sorted?
           What's the difference between ""delete"" and ""undef""
           with hashes?
           Why don't my tied hashes make the defined/exists dis-
           tinction?
           How do I reset an each() operation part-way through?
           How can I get the unique keys from two hashes?
           How can I store a multidimensional array in a DBM
           file?
           How can I make my hash remember the order I put
           elements into it?
           Why does passing a subroutine an undefined element in
           a hash cre- ate it?
           How can I make the Perl equivalent of a C
           structure/C++ class/hash or array of hashes or arrays?
           How can I use a reference as a hash key?
       Data: Misc
           How do I handle binary data correctly?
           How do I determine whether a scalar is a num-
           ber/whole/inte- ger/float?




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           How do I keep persistent data across program calls?
           How do I print out or copy a recursive data structure?
           How do I define methods for every class/object?
           How do I verify a credit card checksum?
           How do I pack arrays of doubles or floats for XS code?
       AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT

       perlfaq5 - Files and Formats ($Revision: 1.5 $, $Date:
       1999/05/23 16:08:30 $)


       DESCRIPTION
           How do I flush/unbuffer an output filehandle?  Why
           must I do this?
           How do I change one line in a file/delete a line in a
           file/insert a line in the middle of a file/append to
           the beginning of a file?
           How do I count the number of lines in a file?
           How do I make a temporary file name?
           How can I manipulate fixed-record-length files?
           How can I make a filehandle local to a subroutine?
           How do I pass filehandles between subroutines?  How do
           I make an array of file- handles?
           How can I use a filehandle indirectly?
           How can I set up a footer format to be used with
           write()?
           How can I write() into a string?
           How can I output my numbers with commas added?
           How can I translate tildes (~) in a filename?
           How come when I open a file read-write it wipes it
           out?
           Why do I sometimes get an ""Argument list too long""
           when I use <*>?
           Is there a leak/bug in glob()?
           How can I open a file with a leading "">"" or trailing
           blanks?
           How can I reliably rename a file?
           How can I lock a file?
           Why can't I just open(FH, "">file.lock"")?
           I still don't get locking.  I just want to increment
           the number in the file.  How can I do this?
           How do I randomly update a binary file?
           How do I get a file's timestamp in perl?
           How do I set a file's timestamp in perl?
           How do I print to more than one file at once?
           How can I read in an entire file all at once?
           How can I read in a file by paragraphs?
           How can I read a single character from a file?  From
           the key- board?
           How can I tell whether there's a character waiting on
           a filehan- dle?
           How do I do a ""tail -f"" in perl?





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           How do I dup() a filehandle in Perl?
           How do I close a file descriptor by number?
           Why can't I use ""C:\temp\foo"" in DOS paths?  What
           doesn't `C:\temp\foo.exe` work?
           Why doesn't glob(""*.*"") get all the files?
           Why does Perl let me delete read-only files?  Why does
           ""-i"" clobber protected files?  Isn't this a bug in
           Perl?
           How do I select a random line from a file?
           Why do I get weird spaces when I print an array of
           lines?
       AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT

       perlfaq6 - Regexes ($Revision: 1.5 $, $Date: 2001/05/24
       18:35:59 $)


       DESCRIPTION
           How can I hope to use regular expressions without
           creating illeg- ible and unmaintainable code?
               Comments Outside the Regex, Comments Inside the
               Regex, Different Delimiters

           I'm having trouble matching over more than one line.
           What's wrong?
           How can I pull out lines between two patterns that are
           themselves on different lines?
           I put a regular expression into $/ but it didn't work.
           What's wrong?
           How do I substitute case insensitively on the LHS
           while preserv- ing case on the RHS?
           How can I make ""\w"" match national character sets?
           How can I match a locale-smart version of
           ""/[a-zA-Z]/""?
           How can I quote a variable to use in a regex?
           What is ""/o"" really for?
           How do I use a regular expression to strip C style
           comments from a file?
           Can I use Perl regular expressions to match balanced
           text?
           What does it mean that regexes are greedy?  How can I
           get around it?
           How do I process each word on each line?
           How can I print out a word-frequency or line-frequency
           summary?
           How can I do approximate matching?
           How do I efficiently match many regular expressions at
           once?
           Why don't word-boundary searches with ""\b"" work for
           me?
           Why does using $&, $`, or $' slow my program down?
           What good is ""\G"" in a regular expression?





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           Are Perl regexes DFAs or NFAs?  Are they POSIX compli-
           ant?
           What's wrong with using grep or map in a void context?
           How can I match strings with multibyte characters?
           How do I match a pattern that is supplied by the user?
       AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT

       perlfaq7 - Perl Language Issues ($Revision: 1.5 $, $Date:
       1999/05/23 20:36:18 $)


       DESCRIPTION
           Can I get a BNF/yacc/RE for the Perl language?
           What are all these $@%&* punctuation signs, and how do
           I know when to use them?
           Do I always/never have to quote my strings or use
           semicolons and commas?
           How do I skip some return values?
           How do I temporarily block warnings?
           What's an extension?
           Why do Perl operators have different precedence than C
           operators?
           How do I declare/create a structure?
           How do I create a module?
           How do I create a class?
           How can I tell if a variable is tainted?
           What's a closure?
           What is variable suicide and how can I prevent it?
           How can I pass/return a {Function, FileHandle, Array,
           Hash, Method, Regex}?
               Passing Variables and Functions, Passing Filehan-
               dles, Passing Regexes, Passing Methods

           How do I create a static variable?
           What's the difference between dynamic and lexical
           (static) scop- ing? Between local() and my()?
           How can I access a dynamic variable while a similarly
           named lexi- cal is in scope?
           What's the difference between deep and shallow bind-
           ing?
           Why doesn't ""my($foo) = <FILE>;"" work right?
           How do I redefine a builtin function, operator, or
           method?
           What's the difference between calling a function as
           &foo and foo()?
           How do I create a switch or case statement?
           How can I catch accesses to undefined variables/func-
           tions/meth- ods?
           Why can't a method included in this same file be
           found?
           How can I find out my current package?
           How can I comment out a large block of perl code?





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           How do I clear a package?
           How can I use a variable as a variable name?
       AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT

       perlfaq8 - System Interaction ($Revision: 1.5 $, $Date:
       1999/05/23 18:37:57 $)


       DESCRIPTION
           How do I find out which operating system I'm running
           under?
           How come exec() doesn't return?
           How do I do fancy stuff with the key-
           board/screen/mouse?
               Keyboard, Screen, Mouse

           How do I print something out in color?
           How do I read just one key without waiting for a
           return key?
           How do I check whether input is ready on the keyboard?
           How do I clear the screen?
           How do I get the screen size?
           How do I ask the user for a password?
           How do I read and write the serial port?
               lockfiles, open mode, end of line, flushing out-
               put, non-blocking input

           How do I decode encrypted password files?
           How do I start a process in the background?
               STDIN, STDOUT, and STDERR are shared, Signals,
               Zombies

           How do I trap control characters/signals?
           How do I modify the shadow password file on a Unix
           system?
           How do I set the time and date?
           How can I sleep() or alarm() for under a second?
           How can I measure time under a second?
           How can I do an atexit() or setjmp()/longjmp()?
           (Exception han- dling)
           Why doesn't my sockets program work under System V
           (Solaris)? What does the error message ""Protocol not
           supported"" mean?
           How can I call my system's unique C functions from
           Perl?
           Where do I get the include files to do ioctl() or
           syscall()?
           Why do setuid perl scripts complain about kernel prob-
           lems?
           How can I open a pipe both to and from a command?
           Why can't I get the output of a command with system()?
           How can I capture STDERR from an external command?





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           Why doesn't open() return an error when a pipe open
           fails?
           What's wrong with using backticks in a void context?
           How can I call backticks without shell processing?
           Why can't my script read from STDIN after I gave it
           EOF (^D on Unix, ^Z on MS-DOS)?
           How can I convert my shell script to perl?
           Can I use perl to run a telnet or ftp session?
           How can I write expect in Perl?
           Is there a way to hide perl's command line from
           programs such as ""ps""?
           I {changed directory, modified my environment} in a
           perl script. How come the change disappeared when I
           exited the script? How do I get my changes to be visi-
           ble?
               Unix

           How do I close a process's filehandle without waiting
           for it to complete?
           How do I fork a daemon process?
           How do I find out if I'm running interactively or not?
           How do I timeout a slow event?
           How do I set CPU limits?
           How do I avoid zombies on a Unix system?
           How do I use an SQL database?
           How do I make a system() exit on control-C?
           How do I open a file without blocking?
           How do I install a module from CPAN?
           What's the difference between require and use?
           How do I keep my own module/library directory?
           How do I add the directory my program lives in to the
           mod- ule/library search path?
           How do I add a directory to my include path at run-
           time?
           What is socket.ph and where do I get it?
       AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT

       perlfaq9 - Networking ($Revision: 1.5 $, $Date: 1999/05/23
       16:08:30 $)


       DESCRIPTION
           My CGI script runs from the command line but not the
           browser. (500 Server Error)
           How can I get better error messages from a CGI pro-
           gram?
           How do I remove HTML from a string?
           How do I extract URLs?
           How do I download a file from the user's machine?  How
           do I open a file on another machine?
           How do I make a pop-up menu in HTML?
           How do I fetch an HTML file?





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           How do I automate an HTML form submission?
           How do I decode or create those %-encodings on the
           web?
           How do I redirect to another page?
           How do I put a password on my web pages?
           How do I edit my .htpasswd and .htgroup files with
           Perl?
           How do I make sure users can't enter values into a
           form that cause my CGI script to do bad things?
           How do I parse a mail header?
           How do I decode a CGI form?
           How do I check a valid mail address?
           How do I decode a MIME/BASE64 string?
           How do I return the user's mail address?
           How do I send mail?
           How do I use MIME to make an attachment to a mail mes-
           sage?
           How do I read mail?
           How do I find out my hostname/domainname/IP address?
           How do I fetch a news article or the active news-
           groups?
           How do I fetch/put an FTP file?
           How can I do RPC in Perl?
       AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT

       perlcompile - Introduction to the Perl Compiler-Translator


       DESCRIPTION
           Layout
               B::Bytecode, B::C, B::CC, B::Lint, B::Deparse,
               B::Xref

       Using The Back Ends
           The Cross Referencing Back End
               i, &, s, r

           The Decompiling Back End
           The Lint Back End
           The Simple C Back End
           The Bytecode Back End
           The Optimized C Back End
               B, O, B::Asmdata, B::Assembler, B::Bblock,
               B::Bytecode, B::C, B::CC, B::Debug, B::Deparse,
               B::Disassembler, B::Lint, B::Showlex, B::Stackobj,
               B::Stash, B::Terse, B::Xref

       KNOWN PROBLEMS
       AUTHOR

       perlembed - how to embed perl in your C program






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       DESCRIPTION
           PREAMBLE
               Use C from Perl?, Use a Unix program from Perl?,
               Use Perl from Perl?, Use C from C?, Use Perl from
               C?

           ROADMAP
           Compiling your C program
           Adding a Perl interpreter to your C program
           Calling a Perl subroutine from your C program
           Evaluating a Perl statement from your C program
           Performing Perl pattern matches and substitutions from
           your C program
           Fiddling with the Perl stack from your C program
           Maintaining a persistent interpreter
           Maintaining multiple interpreter instances
           Using Perl modules, which themselves use C libraries,
           from your C program
       Embedding Perl under Win32
       MORAL
       AUTHOR
       COPYRIGHT

       perldebguts - Guts of Perl debugging


       DESCRIPTION
       Debugger Internals
           Writing Your Own Debugger
       Frame Listing Output Examples
       Debugging regular expressions
           Compile-time output
               "anchored" STRING "at" POS, "floating" STRING "at"
               POS1..POS2, "matching floating/anchored",
               "minlen", "stclass" TYPE, "noscan", "isall",
               "GPOS", "plus", "implicit", "with eval",
               "anchored(TYPE)"

           Types of nodes
           Run-time output
       Debugging Perl memory usage
           Using ""$ENV{PERL_DEBUG_MSTATS}""
               "buckets SMALLEST(APPROX)..GREATEST(APPROX)",
               Free/Used, "Total sbrk(): SBRKed/SBRKs:CONTINU-
               OUS", "pad: 0", "heads: 2192", "chain: 0", "tail:
               6144"

           Example of using -DL switch
               "717", "002", "054", "602", "702", "704"

           -DL details
               "!!!", "!!", "!"





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           Limitations of -DL statistics
       SEE ALSO

       perlxstut, perlXStut - Tutorial for writing XSUBs


       DESCRIPTION
       SPECIAL NOTES
           make
           Version caveat
           Dynamic Loading versus Static Loading
       TUTORIAL
           EXAMPLE 1
           EXAMPLE 2
           What has gone on?
           Writing good test scripts
           EXAMPLE 3
           What's new here?
           Input and Output Parameters
           The XSUBPP Program
           The TYPEMAP file
           Warning about Output Arguments
           EXAMPLE 4
           What has happened here?
           Anatomy of .xs file
           Getting the fat out of XSUBs
           More about XSUB arguments
           The Argument Stack
           Extending your Extension
           Documenting your Extension
           Installing your Extension
           EXAMPLE 5
           New Things in this Example
           EXAMPLE 6
           New Things in this Example
           EXAMPLE 7 (Coming Soon)
           EXAMPLE 8 (Coming Soon)
           EXAMPLE 9 (Coming Soon)
           Troubleshooting these Examples
       See also
       Author
           Last Changed

       perlxs - XS language reference manual


       DESCRIPTION
           Introduction
           On The Road
           The Anatomy of an XSUB
           The Argument Stack
           The RETVAL Variable





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           The MODULE Keyword
           The PACKAGE Keyword
           The PREFIX Keyword
           The OUTPUT: Keyword
           The NO_OUTPUT Keyword
           The CODE: Keyword
           The INIT: Keyword
           The NO_INIT Keyword
           Initializing Function Parameters
           Default Parameter Values
           The PREINIT: Keyword
           The SCOPE: Keyword
           The INPUT: Keyword
           The IN/OUTLIST/IN_OUTLIST/OUT/IN_OUT Keywords
           Variable-length Parameter Lists
           The C_ARGS: Keyword
           The PPCODE: Keyword
           Returning Undef And Empty Lists
           The REQUIRE: Keyword
           The CLEANUP: Keyword
           The POST_CALL: Keyword
           The BOOT: Keyword
           The VERSIONCHECK: Keyword
           The PROTOTYPES: Keyword
           The PROTOTYPE: Keyword
           The ALIAS: Keyword
           The INTERFACE: Keyword
           The INTERFACE_MACRO: Keyword
           The INCLUDE: Keyword
           The CASE: Keyword
           The & Unary Operator
           Inserting POD, Comments and C Preprocessor Directives
           Using XS With C++
           Interface Strategy
           Perl Objects And C Structures
           The Typemap
       EXAMPLES
       XS VERSION
       AUTHOR

       perlclib - Internal replacements for standard C library
       functions


       DESCRIPTION
           Conventions
               "t", "p", "n", "s"

           File Operations
           File Input and Output
           File Positioning
           Memory Management and String Handling





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           Character Class Tests
           stdlib.h functions
           Miscellaneous functions
       SEE ALSO

       perlguts - Introduction to the Perl API


       DESCRIPTION
       Variables
           Datatypes
           What is an ""IV""?
           Working with SVs
           Offsets
           What's Really Stored in an SV?
           Working with AVs
           Working with HVs
           Hash API Extensions
           References
           Blessed References and Class Objects
           Creating New Variables
           Reference Counts and Mortality
           Stashes and Globs
           Double-Typed SVs
           Magic Variables
           Assigning Magic
           Magic Virtual Tables
           Finding Magic
           Understanding the Magic of Tied Hashes and Arrays
           Localizing changes
               "SAVEINT(int i)", "SAVEIV(IV i)", "SAVEI32(I32
               i)", "SAVELONG(long i)", "SAVESPTR(s)",
               "SAVEPPTR(p)", "SAVEFREESV(SV *sv)", "SAVEMORTAL-
               IZESV(SV *sv)", "SAVEFREEOP(OP *op)", "SAVE-
               FREEPV(p)", "SAVECLEARSV(SV *sv)", "SAVEDELETE(HV
               *hv, char *key, I32 length)", "SAVEDESTRUC-
               TOR(DESTRUCTORFUNC_NOCONTEXT_t f, void *p)",
               "SAVEDESTRUCTOR_X(DESTRUCTORFUNC_t f, void *p)",
               "SAVESTACK_POS()", "SV* save_scalar(GV *gv)", "AV*
               save_ary(GV *gv)", "HV* save_hash(GV *gv)", "void
               save_item(SV *item)", "void save_list(SV **sarg,
               I32 maxsarg)", "SV* save_svref(SV **sptr)", "void
               save_aptr(AV **aptr)", "void save_hptr(HV **hptr)"

       Subroutines
           XSUBs and the Argument Stack
           Calling Perl Routines from within C Programs
           Memory Allocation
           PerlIO
           Putting a C value on Perl stack
           Scratchpads
           Scratchpads and recursion





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PERLTOC(1)       Perl Programmers Reference Guide      PERLTOC(1)


       Compiled code
           Code tree
           Examining the tree
           Compile pass 1: check routines
           Compile pass 1a: constant folding
           Compile pass 2: context propagation
           Compile pass 3: peephole optimization
       Examining internal data structures with the ""dump"" func-
       tions
       How multiple interpreters and concurrency are supported
           Background and PERL_IMPLICIT_CONTEXT
           So what happened to dTHR?
           How do I use all this in extensions?
           Should I do anything special if I call perl from mul-
           tiple threads?
           Future Plans and PERL_IMPLICIT_SYS
       Internal Functions
           A, p, d, s, n, r, f, M, o, j, x

           Formatted Printing of IVs, UVs, and NVs
           Pointer-To-Integer and Integer-To-Pointer
           Source Documentation
       Unicode Support
           What is Unicode, anyway?
           How can I recognise a UTF8 string?
           How does UTF8 represent Unicode characters?
           How does Perl store UTF8 strings?
           How do I convert a string to UTF8?
           Is there anything else I need to know?
       AUTHORS
       SEE ALSO

       perlcall - Perl calling conventions from C


       DESCRIPTION
           An Error Handler, An Event Driven Program

       THE CALL_ FUNCTIONS
           call_sv, call_pv, call_method, call_argv

       FLAG VALUES
           G_VOID
           G_SCALAR
           G_ARRAY
           G_DISCARD
           G_NOARGS
           G_EVAL
           G_KEEPERR
           Determining the Context
       KNOWN PROBLEMS
       EXAMPLES





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           No Parameters, Nothing returned
           Passing Parameters
           Returning a Scalar
           Returning a list of values
           Returning a list in a scalar context
           Returning Data from Perl via the parameter list
           Using G_EVAL
           Using G_KEEPERR
           Using call_sv
           Using call_argv
           Using call_method
           Using GIMME_V
           Using Perl to dispose of temporaries
           Strategies for storing Callback Context Information
               1. Ignore the problem - Allow only 1 callback, 2.
               Create a sequence of callbacks - hard wired limit,
               3. Use a parameter to map to the Perl callback

           Alternate Stack Manipulation
           Creating and calling an anonymous subroutine in C
       SEE ALSO
       AUTHOR
       DATE

       perlutil - utilities packaged with the Perl distribution


       DESCRIPTION
           DOCUMENTATION
               perldoc, pod2man and pod2text, pod2html and
               pod2latex, pod2usage, podselect, podchecker,
               splain, roffitall

           CONVERTORS
               a2p, s2p, find2perl

           Development
               perlbug, h2ph, c2ph and pstruct, h2xs, dprofpp,
               perlcc

           SEE ALSO

       perlfilter - Source Filters

       DESCRIPTION
       CONCEPTS
       USING FILTERS
       WRITING A SOURCE FILTER
       WRITING A SOURCE FILTER IN C
           Decryption Filters

       CREATING A SOURCE FILTER AS A SEPARATE EXECUTABLE





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       WRITING A SOURCE FILTER IN PERL
       USING CONTEXT: THE DEBUG FILTER
       CONCLUSION
       REQUIREMENTS
       AUTHOR
       Copyrights

       perldbmfilter - Perl DBM Filters


       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
           filter_store_key, filter_store_value, fil-
           ter_fetch_key, filter_fetch_value

           The Filter
           An Example -- the NULL termination problem.
           Another Example -- Key is a C int.
       SEE ALSO
       AUTHOR

       perlapi - autogenerated documentation for the perl public
       API


       DESCRIPTION
           AvFILL, av_clear, av_delete, av_exists, av_extend,
           av_fetch, av_fill, av_len, av_make, av_pop, av_push,
           av_shift, av_store, av_undef, av_unshift,
           bytes_from_utf8, bytes_to_utf8, call_argv,
           call_method, call_pv, call_sv, CLASS, Copy, croak,
           CvSTASH, dMARK, dORIGMARK, dSP, dXSARGS, dXSI32,
           ENTER, eval_pv, eval_sv, EXTEND, fbm_compile,
           fbm_instr, FREETMPS, get_av, get_cv, get_hv, get_sv,
           GIMME, GIMME_V, GvSV, gv_fetchmeth, gv_fetchmethod,
           gv_fetchmethod_autoload, gv_stashpv, gv_stashsv,
           G_ARRAY, G_DISCARD, G_EVAL, G_NOARGS, G_SCALAR,
           G_VOID, HEf_SVKEY, HeHASH, HeKEY, HeKLEN, HePV, HeS-
           VKEY, HeSVKEY_force, HeSVKEY_set, HeVAL, HvNAME,
           hv_clear, hv_delete, hv_delete_ent, hv_exists,
           hv_exists_ent, hv_fetch, hv_fetch_ent, hv_iterinit,
           hv_iterkey, hv_iterkeysv, hv_iternext, hv_iternextsv,
           hv_iterval, hv_magic, hv_store, hv_store_ent,
           hv_undef, isALNUM, isALPHA, isDIGIT, isLOWER, isSPACE,
           isUPPER, is_utf8_char, is_utf8_string, items, ix,
           LEAVE, looks_like_number, MARK, mg_clear, mg_copy,
           mg_find, mg_free, mg_get, mg_length, mg_magical,
           mg_set, Move, New, newAV, Newc, newCONSTSUB, newHV,
           newRV_inc, newRV_noinc, NEWSV, newSViv, newSVnv,
           newSVpv, newSVpvf, newSVpvn, newSVrv, newSVsv,
           newSVuv, newXS, newXSproto, Newz, Nullav, Nullch,
           Nullcv, Nullhv, Nullsv, ORIGMARK, perl_alloc,
           perl_construct, perl_destruct, perl_free, perl_parse,
           perl_run, PL_modglobal, PL_na, PL_sv_no, PL_sv_undef,



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           PL_sv_yes, POPi, POPl, POPn, POPp, POPs, PUSHi, PUSH-
           MARK, PUSHn, PUSHp, PUSHs, PUSHu, PUTBACK, Renew,
           Renewc, require_pv, RETVAL, Safefree, savepv, savepvn,
           SAVETMPS, SP, SPAGAIN, ST, strEQ, strGE, strGT, strLE,
           strLT, strNE, strnEQ, strnNE, StructCopy, SvCUR,
           SvCUR_set, SvEND, SvGETMAGIC, SvGROW, SvIOK, SvIOKp,
           SvIOK_notUV, SvIOK_off, SvIOK_on, SvIOK_only,
           SvIOK_only_UV, SvIOK_UV, SvIV, SvIVX, SvLEN, SvNIOK,
           SvNIOKp, SvNIOK_off, SvNOK, SvNOKp, SvNOK_off,
           SvNOK_on, SvNOK_only, SvNV, SvNVX, SvOK, SvOOK, SvPOK,
           SvPOKp, SvPOK_off, SvPOK_on, SvPOK_only,
           SvPOK_only_UTF8, SvPV, SvPVX, SvPV_force, SvPV_nolen,
           SvREFCNT, SvREFCNT_dec, SvREFCNT_inc, SvROK,
           SvROK_off, SvROK_on, SvRV, SvSETMAGIC, SvSetSV,
           SvSetSV_nosteal, SvSTASH, SvTAINT, SvTAINTED,
           SvTAINTED_off, SvTAINTED_on, SvTRUE, svtype, SvTYPE,
           SVt_IV, SVt_NV, SVt_PV, SVt_PVAV, SVt_PVCV, SVt_PVHV,
           SVt_PVMG, SvUPGRADE, SvUTF8, SvUTF8_off, SvUTF8_on,
           SvUV, SvUVX, sv_2mortal, sv_bless, sv_catpv, sv_cat-
           pvf, sv_catpvf_mg, sv_catpvn, sv_catpvn_mg,
           sv_catpv_mg, sv_catsv, sv_catsv_mg, sv_chop, sv_clear,
           sv_cmp, sv_cmp_locale, sv_dec, sv_derived_from, sv_eq,
           sv_free, sv_gets, sv_grow, sv_inc, sv_insert, sv_isa,
           sv_isobject, sv_len, sv_len_utf8, sv_magic, sv_mortal-
           copy, sv_newmortal, sv_pvn_force, sv_pvutf8n_force,
           sv_reftype, sv_replace, sv_rvweaken, sv_setiv,
           sv_setiv_mg, sv_setnv, sv_setnv_mg, sv_setpv, sv_set-
           pvf, sv_setpvf_mg, sv_setpviv, sv_setpviv_mg, sv_set-
           pvn, sv_setpvn_mg, sv_setpv_mg, sv_setref_iv,
           sv_setref_nv, sv_setref_pv, sv_setref_pvn, sv_setsv,
           sv_setsv_mg, sv_setuv, sv_setuv_mg, sv_true,
           sv_unmagic, sv_unref, sv_upgrade, sv_usepvn,
           sv_usepvn_mg, sv_utf8_downgrade, sv_utf8_encode,
           sv_utf8_upgrade, sv_vcatpvfn, sv_vsetpvfn, THIS,
           toLOWER, toUPPER, utf8_distance, utf8_hop,
           utf8_length, utf8_to_bytes, utf8_to_uv,
           utf8_to_uv_simple, uv_to_utf8, warn, XPUSHi, XPUSHn,
           XPUSHp, XPUSHs, XPUSHu, XS, XSRETURN, XSRETURN_EMPTY,
           XSRETURN_IV, XSRETURN_NO, XSRETURN_NV, XSRETURN_PV,
           XSRETURN_UNDEF, XSRETURN_YES, XST_mIV, XST_mNO,
           XST_mNV, XST_mPV, XST_mUNDEF, XST_mYES, XS_VERSION,
           XS_VERSION_BOOTCHECK, Zero

       AUTHORS
       SEE ALSO

       perlintern - autogenerated documentation of purely inter-
       nal Perl functions


       DESCRIPTION
           is_gv_magical, LVRET, PL_DBsingle, PL_DBsub,
           PL_DBtrace, PL_dowarn, PL_last_in_gv, PL_ofs_sv, PL_rs




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       AUTHORS
       SEE ALSO

       perlapio - perl's IO abstraction interface.


       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
           PerlIO *, PerlIO_stdin(), PerlIO_stdout(), Per-
           lIO_stderr(), PerlIO_open(path, mode), Per-
           lIO_fdopen(fd,mode), PerlIO_printf(f,fmt,...), Per-
           lIO_vprintf(f,fmt,a), PerlIO_stdoutf(fmt,...), Per-
           lIO_read(f,buf,count), PerlIO_write(f,buf,count),
           PerlIO_close(f), PerlIO_puts(f,s), PerlIO_putc(f,c),
           PerlIO_ungetc(f,c), PerlIO_getc(f), PerlIO_eof(f),
           PerlIO_error(f), PerlIO_fileno(f), PerlIO_clearerr(f),
           PerlIO_flush(f), PerlIO_tell(f), PerlIO_seek(f,o,w),
           PerlIO_getpos(f,p), PerlIO_setpos(f,p),
           PerlIO_rewind(f), PerlIO_tmpfile()

           Co-existence with stdio
               PerlIO_importFILE(f,flags), PerlIO_export-
               FILE(f,flags), PerlIO_findFILE(f), PerlIO_release-
               FILE(p,f), PerlIO_setlinebuf(f),
               PerlIO_has_cntptr(f), PerlIO_get_ptr(f),
               PerlIO_get_cnt(f), PerlIO_canset_cnt(f),
               PerlIO_fast_gets(f), PerlIO_set_ptrcnt(f,p,c),
               PerlIO_set_cnt(f,c), PerlIO_has_base(f),
               PerlIO_get_base(f), PerlIO_get_bufsiz(f)

       perltodo - Perl TO-DO List


       DESCRIPTION
       Infrastructure
           Mailing list archives
           Bug tracking system
           Regression Tests
               Coverage, Regression, __DIE__, suidperl, The 25%
               slowdown from perl4 to perl5

       Configure
           Install HTML
       Perl Language
           64-bit Perl
           Prototypes
               Named prototypes, Indirect objects, Method calls,
               Context, Scoped subs

       Perl Internals
           magic_setisa
           Garbage Collection





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           Reliable signals
               Alternate runops() for signal despatch, Figure out
               how to die() in delayed sighandler, Add tests for
               Thread::Signal, Automatic tests against CPAN

           Interpolated regex performance bugs
           Memory leaks from failed eval/regcomp
           Make XS easier to use
           Make embedded Perl easier to use
           Namespace cleanup
           MULTIPLICITY
           MacPerl
       Documentation
           A clear division into tutorial and reference
           Remove the artificial distinction between operators
           and functions
           More tutorials
               Regular expressions, I/O, pack/unpack, Debugging

           Include a search tool
           Include a locate tool
           Separate function manpages by default
           Users can't find the manpages
           Install ALL Documentation
           Outstanding issues to be documented
           Adapt www.linuxhq.com for Perl
           Replace man with a perl program
           Unicode tutorial
       Modules
           Update the POSIX extension to conform with the POSIX
           1003.1 Edi- tion 2
           Module versions
           New modules
           Profiler
           Tie Modules
               VecArray, SubstrArray, VirtualArray, ShiftSplice

           Procedural options
           RPC
           y2k localtime/gmtime
           Export File::Find variables
           Ioctl
           Debugger attach/detach
           Regular Expression debugger
           Alternative RE Syntax
           Bundled modules
           Expect
           GUI::Native
           Update semibroken auxiliary tools; h2ph, a2p, etc.
           pod2html
           Podchecker
       Tom's Wishes





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           Webperl
           Mobile agents
           POSIX on non-POSIX
           Portable installations
       Win32 Stuff
           Rename new headers to be consistent with the rest
           Sort out the spawnvp() mess
           Work out DLL versioning
           Style-check
       Would be nice to have
           "pack "(stuff)*"", Contiguous bitfields in
           pack/unpack, lexperl, Bundled perl preprocessor, Use
           posix calls internally where possible, format BOTTOM,
           -i rename file only when successfully changed, All
           ARGV input should act like <>, report HANDLE [for-
           mats], support in perlmain to rerun debugger, lvalue
           functions

       Possible pragmas
           'less'
       Optimizations
           constant function cache
           foreach(reverse...)
           Cache eval tree
           rcatmaybe
           Shrink opcode tables
           Cache hash value
           Optimize away @_ where possible
           Optimize sort by { $a <=> $b }
           Rewrite regexp parser for better integrated optimiza-
           tion
       Vague possibilities
           ref function in list context, make tr/// return his-
           togram in list context?, Loop control on do{} et al,
           Explicit switch statements, compile to real threaded
           code, structured types, Modifiable $1 et al

       To Do Or Not To Do
           Making my() work on ""package"" variables
           ""or"" testing defined not truth
           ""dynamic"" lexicals
           ""class""-based, rather than package-based ""lexi-
           cals""
       Threading
           Modules
           Testing
           $AUTOLOAD
           exit/die
           External threads
           Thread::Pool
           thread-safety
           Per-thread GVs





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       Compiler
           Optimization
           Byteperl
           Precompiled modules
           Executables
           Typed lexicals
           Win32
           END blocks
           _AUTOLOAD
           comppadlist
           Cached compilation
       Recently Finished Tasks
           Figure a way out of $^(capital letter)
           Filenames
           Foreign lines
           Namespace cleanup
           ISA.pm
           gettimeofday
           autocroak?

       perlhack - How to hack at the Perl internals


       DESCRIPTION
           Does concept match the general goals of Perl?, Where
           is the implementation?, Backwards compatibility, Could
           it be a module instead?, Is the feature generic
           enough?, Does it potentially introduce new bugs?, Does
           it preclude other desirable features?, Is the imple-
           mentation robust?, Is the implementation generic
           enough to be portable?, Is there enough documenta-
           tion?, Is there another way to do it?, Does it create
           too much work?, Patches speak louder than words

           Keeping in sync
               rsync'ing the source tree, Using rsync over the
               LAN, Using pushing over the NFS, rsync'ing the
               patches

           Why rsync the source tree
               It's easier, It's more recent, It's more reliable

           Why rsync the patches
               It's easier, It's a good reference, Finding a
               start point, Finding how to fix a bug, Finding the
               source of misbehaviour

           Submitting patches
               the perlguts manpage, the perlxstut manpage and
               the perlxs manpage, the perlapi manpage, Port-
               ing/pumpkin.pod, The perl5-porters FAQ

           Finding Your Way Around
               Core modules, Documentation, Configure,



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               Interpreter

           Elements of the interpreter
               Startup, Parsing, Optimization, Running

           Internal Variable Types
           Op Trees
           Stacks
               Argument stack, Mark stack, Save stack

           Millions of Macros
           Poking at Perl
           Using a source-level debugger
               run [args], break function_name, break
               source.c:xxx, step, next, continue, finish,
               'enter', print

           Dumping Perl Data Structures
           Patching
       EXTERNAL TOOLS FOR DEBUGGING PERL
           Rational Software's Purify
           Purify on Unix
               -Accflags=-DPURIFY, -Doptimize='-g', -Uusemymal-
               loc, -Dusemultiplicity

           Purify on NT
               DEFINES, USE_MULTI = define, #PERL_MALLOC =
               define, CFG = Debug

           CONCLUSION
               The Road goes ever on and on, down from the door
               where it began.

       AUTHOR

       perlhist - the Perl history records

       DESCRIPTION
       INTRODUCTION
       THE KEEPERS OF THE PUMPKIN
           PUMPKIN?
       THE RECORDS
           SELECTED RELEASE SIZES
           SELECTED PATCH SIZES
       THE KEEPERS OF THE RECORDS

       perldelta - what's new for perl v5.6


       DESCRIPTION
       Summary of changes between 5.6.0 and 5.6.1
           Security Issues





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PERLTOC(1)       Perl Programmers Reference Guide      PERLTOC(1)


           Core bug fixes
               "UNIVERSAL::isa()", Memory leaks, Numeric conver-
               sions, qw(a\\b), caller(), Bugs in regular expres-
               sions, "slurp" mode, Autovivification of symbolic
               references to special variables, Lexical warnings,
               Spurious warnings and errors, glob(), Tainting,
               sort(), #line directives, Subroutine prototypes,
               map(), Debugger, Locales, PERL5OPT, chop(), Uni-
               code support, 64-bit support, Compiler, Lvalue
               subroutines, IO::Socket, File::Find, xsubpp, "no
               Module;", Tests

           Core features
           Configuration issues
           Documentation
           Bundled modules
               B::Concise, File::Temp, Pod::LaTeX,
               Pod::Text::Overstrike, CGI, CPAN, Class::Struct,
               DB_File, Devel::Peek, File::Find, Getopt::Long,
               IO::Poll, IPC::Open3, Math::BigFloat, Math::Com-
               plex, Net::Ping, Opcode, Pod::Parser, Pod::Text,
               SDBM_File, Sys::Syslog, Tie::RefHash, Tie::Sub-
               strHash

           Platform-specific improvements
               NCR MP-RAS, NonStop-UX

           Interpreter cloning, threads, and concurrency
           Lexically scoped warning categories
           Unicode and UTF-8 support
           Support for interpolating named characters
           ""our"" declarations
           Support for strings represented as a vector of ordi-
           nals
           Improved Perl version numbering system
           New syntax for declaring subroutine attributes
           File and directory handles can be autovivified
           open() with more than two arguments
           64-bit support
           Large file support
           Long doubles
           ""more bits""
           Enhanced support for sort() subroutines
           ""sort $coderef @foo"" allowed
           File globbing implemented internally
           Support for CHECK blocks
           POSIX character class syntax [: :] supported
           Better pseudo-random number generator
           Improved ""qw//"" operator
           Better worst-case behavior of hashes
           pack() format 'Z' supported
           pack() format modifier '!' supported





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           pack() and unpack() support counted strings
           Comments in pack() templates
           Weak references
           Binary numbers supported
           Lvalue subroutines
           Some arrows may be omitted in calls through references
           Boolean assignment operators are legal lvalues
           exists() is supported on subroutine names
           exists() and delete() are supported on array elements
           Pseudo-hashes work better
           Automatic flushing of output buffers
           Better diagnostics on meaningless filehandle opera-
           tions
           Where possible, buffered data discarded from duped
           input filehan- dle
           eof() has the same old magic as <>
           binmode() can be used to set :crlf and :raw modes
           ""-T"" filetest recognizes UTF-8 encoded files as
           ""text""
           system(), backticks and pipe open now reflect exec()
           failure
           Improved diagnostics
           Diagnostics follow STDERR
           More consistent close-on-exec behavior
           syswrite() ease-of-use
           Better syntax checks on parenthesized unary operators
           Bit operators support full native integer width
           Improved security features
           More functional bareword prototype (*)
           ""require"" and ""do"" may be overridden
           $^X variables may now have names longer than one char-
           acter
           New variable $^C reflects ""-c"" switch
           New variable $^V contains Perl version as a string
           Optional Y2K warnings
           Arrays now always interpolate into double-quoted
           strings
       Modules and Pragmata
           Modules
               attributes, B, Benchmark, ByteLoader, constant,
               charnames, Data::Dumper, DB, DB_File,
               Devel::DProf, Devel::Peek, Dumpvalue, DynaLoader,
               English, Env, Fcntl, File::Compare, File::Find,
               File::Glob, File::Spec, File::Spec::Functions,
               Getopt::Long, IO, JPL, lib, Math::BigInt,
               Math::Complex, Math::Trig, Pod::Parser,
               Pod::InputObjects, Pod::Checker, podchecker,
               Pod::ParseUtils, Pod::Find, Pod::Select, podse-
               lect, Pod::Usage, pod2usage, Pod::Text and
               Pod::Man, SDBM_File, Sys::Syslog, Sys::Hostname,
               Term::ANSIColor, Time::Local, Win32, XSLoader, DBM
               Filters





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           Pragmata
       Utility Changes
           dprofpp
           find2perl
           h2xs
           perlcc
           perldoc
           The Perl Debugger
       Improved Documentation
           perlapi.pod, perlboot.pod, perlcompile.pod, perldbm-
           filter.pod, perldebug.pod, perldebguts.pod, perl-
           fork.pod, perlfilter.pod, perlhack.pod, perlin-
           tern.pod, perllexwarn.pod, perlnumber.pod, perlopen-
           tut.pod, perlreftut.pod, perltootc.pod, perltodo.pod,
           perlunicode.pod

       Performance enhancements
           Simple sort() using { $a <=> $b } and the like are
           optimized
           Optimized assignments to lexical variables
           Faster subroutine calls
           delete(), each(), values() and hash iteration are
           faster
       Installation and Configuration Improvements
           -Dusethreads means something different
           New Configure flags
           Threadedness and 64-bitness now more daring
           Long Doubles
           -Dusemorebits
           -Duselargefiles
           installusrbinperl
           SOCKS support
           ""-A"" flag
           Enhanced Installation Directories
           gcc automatically tried if 'cc' does not seem to be
           working
       Platform specific changes
           Supported platforms
           DOS
           OS390 (OpenEdition MVS)
           VMS
           Win32
       Significant bug fixes
           <HANDLE> on empty files
           ""eval '...'"" improvements
           All compilation errors are true errors
           Implicitly closed filehandles are safer
           Behavior of list slices is more consistent
           ""(\$)"" prototype and ""$foo{a}""
           ""goto &sub"" and AUTOLOAD
           ""-bareword"" allowed under ""use integer""
           Failures in DESTROY()





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           Locale bugs fixed
           Memory leaks
           Spurious subroutine stubs after failed subroutine
           calls
           Taint failures under ""-U""
           END blocks and the ""-c"" switch
           Potential to leak DATA filehandles
       New or Changed Diagnostics
           "%s" variable %s masks earlier declaration in same %s,
           "my sub" not yet implemented, "our" variable %s rede-
           clared, '!' allowed only after types %s, / cannot take
           a count, / must be followed by a, A or Z, / must be
           followed by a*, A* or Z*, / must follow a numeric
           type, /%s/: Unrecognized escape \\%c passed through,
           /%s/: Unrecognized escape \\%c in character class
           passed through, /%s/ should probably be written as
           "%s", %s() called too early to check prototype, %s
           argument is not a HASH or ARRAY element, %s argument
           is not a HASH or ARRAY element or slice, %s argument
           is not a subroutine name, %s package attribute may
           clash with future reserved word: %s, (in cleanup) %s,
           <> should be quotes, Attempt to join self, Bad evalled
           substitution pattern, Bad realloc() ignored, Bareword
           found in conditional, Binary number >
           0b11111111111111111111111111111111 non-portable, Bit
           vector size > 32 non-portable, Buffer overflow in
           prime_env_iter: %s, Can't check filesystem of script
           "%s", Can't declare class for non-scalar %s in "%s",
           Can't declare %s in "%s", Can't ignore signal CHLD,
           forcing to default, Can't modify non-lvalue subroutine
           call, Can't read CRTL environ, Can't remove %s: %s,
           skipping file, Can't return %s from lvalue subroutine,
           Can't weaken a nonreference, Character class [:%s:]
           unknown, Character class syntax [%s] belongs inside
           character classes, Constant is not %s reference, con-
           stant(%s): %s, CORE::%s is not a keyword,
           defined(@array) is deprecated, defined(%hash) is dep-
           recated, Did not produce a valid header, (Did you mean
           "local" instead of "our"?), Document contains no data,
           entering effective %s failed, false [] range "%s" in
           regexp, Filehandle %s opened only for output, flock()
           on closed filehandle %s, Global symbol "%s" requires
           explicit package name, Hexadecimal number > 0xffffffff
           non-portable, Ill-formed CRTL environ value "%s", Ill-
           formed message in prime_env_iter: |%s|, Illegal binary
           digit %s, Illegal binary digit %s ignored, Illegal
           number of bits in vec, Integer overflow in %s number,
           Invalid %s attribute: %s, Invalid %s attributes: %s,
           invalid [] range "%s" in regexp, Invalid separator
           character %s in attribute list, Invalid separator
           character %s in subroutine attribute list, leaving
           effective %s failed, Lvalue subs returning %s not
           implemented yet, Method %s not permitted, Missing
           %sbrace%s on \N{}, Missing command in piped open,



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           Missing name in "my sub", No %s specified for -%c, No
           package name allowed for variable %s in "our", No
           space allowed after -%c, no UTC offset information;
           assuming local time is UTC, Octal number >
           037777777777 non-portable, panic: del_backref, panic:
           kid popen errno read, panic: magic_killbackrefs,
           Parentheses missing around "%s" list, Possible unin-
           tended interpolation of %s in string, Possible Y2K
           bug: %s, pragma "attrs" is deprecated, use "sub NAME :
           ATTRS" instead, Premature end of script headers,
           Repeat count in pack overflows, Repeat count in unpack
           overflows, realloc() of freed memory ignored, Refer-
           ence is already weak, setpgrp can't take arguments,
           Strange *+?{} on zero-length expression, switching
           effective %s is not implemented, This Perl can't reset
           CRTL environ elements (%s), This Perl can't set CRTL
           environ elements (%s=%s), Too late to run %s block,
           Unknown open() mode '%s', Unknown process %x sent mes-
           sage to prime_env_iter: %s, Unrecognized escape \\%c
           passed through, Unterminated attribute parameter in
           attribute list, Unterminated attribute list, Untermi-
           nated attribute parameter in subroutine attribute
           list, Unterminated subroutine attribute list, Value of
           CLI symbol "%s" too long, Version number must be a
           constant number

       New tests
       Incompatible Changes
           Perl Source Incompatibilities
               CHECK is a new keyword, Treatment of list slices
               of undef has changed, Format of
               $English::PERL_VERSION is different, Literals of
               the form "1.2.3" parse differently, Possibly
               changed pseudo-random number generator, Hashing
               function for hash keys has changed, "undef" fails
               on read only values, Close-on-exec bit may be set
               on pipe and socket handles, Writing ""$$1"" to
               mean ""${$}1"" is unsupported, delete(), each(),
               values() and "\(%h)", vec(EXPR,OFFSET,BITS)
               enforces powers-of-two BITS, Text of some diagnos-
               tic output has changed, "%@" has been removed,
               Parenthesized not() behaves like a list operator,
               Semantics of bareword prototype "(*)" have
               changed, Semantics of bit operators may have
               changed on 64-bit platforms, More builtins taint
               their results

           C Source Incompatibilities
               "PERL_POLLUTE", "PERL_IMPLICIT_CONTEXT",
               "PERL_POLLUTE_MALLOC"

           Compatible C Source API Changes
               "PATCHLEVEL" is now "PERL_VERSION"




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           Binary Incompatibilities
       Known Problems
           Localizing a tied hash element may leak memory
           Known test failures
               64-bit builds, Failure of Thread tests, NEXTSTEP
               3.3 POSIX test failure, Tru64 (aka Digital UNIX,
               aka DEC OSF/1) lib/sdbm test failure with gcc

           EBCDIC platforms not fully supported
           UNICOS/mk CC failures during Configure run
           Arrow operator and arrays
           Experimental features
               Threads, Unicode, 64-bit support, Lvalue subrou-
               tines, Weak references, The pseudo-hash data type,
               The Compiler suite, Internal implementation of
               file globbing, The DB module, The regular expres-
               sion code constructs:

       Obsolete Diagnostics
           Character class syntax [: :] is reserved for future
           extensions, Ill-formed logical name |%s| in
           prime_env_iter, In string, @%s now must be written as
           \@%s, Probable precedence problem on %s, regexp too
           big, Use of "$$<digit>" to mean "${$}<digit>" is dep-
           recated

       Reporting Bugs
       SEE ALSO
       HISTORY

       perl5005delta, perldelta - what's new for perl5.005


       DESCRIPTION
       About the new versioning system
       Incompatible Changes
           WARNING:  This version is not binary compatible with
           Perl 5.004.
           Default installation structure has changed
           Perl Source Compatibility
           C Source Compatibility
           Binary Compatibility
           Security fixes may affect compatibility
           Relaxed new mandatory warnings introduced in 5.004
           Licensing
       Core Changes
           Threads
           Compiler
           Regular Expressions
               Many new and improved optimizations, Many bug
               fixes, New regular expression constructs, New
               operator for precompiled regular expressions,
               Other improvements, Incompatible changes




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           Improved malloc()
           Quicksort is internally implemented
           Reliable signals
           Reliable stack pointers
           More generous treatment of carriage returns
           Memory leaks
           Better support for multiple interpreters
           Behavior of local() on array and hash elements is now
           well- defined
           ""%!"" is transparently tied to the the Errno manpage
           module
           Pseudo-hashes are supported
           ""EXPR foreach EXPR"" is supported
           Keywords can be globally overridden
           ""$^E"" is meaningful on Win32
           ""foreach (1..1000000)"" optimized
           ""Foo::"" can be used as implicitly quoted package
           name
           ""exists $Foo::{Bar::}"" tests existence of a package
           Better locale support
           Experimental support for 64-bit platforms
           prototype() returns useful results on builtins
           Extended support for exception handling
           Re-blessing in DESTROY() supported for chaining
           DESTROY() methods
           All ""printf"" format conversions are handled inter-
           nally
           New ""INIT"" keyword
           New ""lock"" keyword
           New ""qr//"" operator
           ""our"" is now a reserved word
           Tied arrays are now fully supported
           Tied handles support is better
           4th argument to substr
           Negative LENGTH argument to splice
           Magic lvalues are now more magical
           <> now reads in records
       Supported Platforms
           New Platforms
           Changes in existing support
       Modules and Pragmata
           New Modules
               B, Data::Dumper, Dumpvalue, Errno, File::Spec,
               ExtUtils::Installed, ExtUtils::Packlist, Fatal,
               IPC::SysV, Test, Tie::Array, Tie::Handle, Thread,
               attrs, fields, re

           Changes in existing modules
               Benchmark, Carp, CGI, Fcntl, Math::Complex,
               Math::Trig, POSIX, DB_File, MakeMaker, CPAN, Cwd

       Utility Changes





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       Documentation Changes
       New Diagnostics
           Ambiguous call resolved as CORE::%s(), qualify as such
           or use &, Bad index while coercing array into hash,
           Bareword "%s" refers to nonexistent package, Can't
           call method "%s" on an undefined value, Can't check
           filesystem of script "%s" for nosuid, Can't coerce
           array into hash, Can't goto subroutine from an eval-
           string, Can't localize pseudo-hash element, Can't use
           %%! because Errno.pm is not available, Cannot find an
           opnumber for "%s", Character class syntax [. .] is
           reserved for future extensions, Character class syntax
           [: :] is reserved for future extensions, Character
           class syntax [= =] is reserved for future extensions,
           %s: Eval-group in insecure regular expression, %s:
           Eval-group not allowed, use re 'eval', %s: Eval-group
           not allowed at run time, Explicit blessing to ''
           (assuming package main), Illegal hex digit ignored, No
           such array field, No such field "%s" in variable %s of
           type %s, Out of memory during ridiculously large
           request, Range iterator outside integer range, Recur-
           sive inheritance detected while looking for method
           '%s' %s, Reference found where even-sized list
           expected, Undefined value assigned to typeglob, Use of
           reserved word "%s" is deprecated, perl: warning: Set-
           ting locale failed

       Obsolete Diagnostics
           Can't mktemp(), Can't write to temp file for -e: %s,
           Cannot open temporary file, regexp too big

       Configuration Changes
       BUGS
       SEE ALSO
       HISTORY

       perl5004delta, perldelta - what's new for perl5.004


       DESCRIPTION
       Supported Environments
       Core Changes
           List assignment to %ENV works
           Change to ""Can't locate Foo.pm in @INC"" error
           Compilation option: Binary compatibility with 5.003
           $PERL5OPT environment variable
           Limitations on -M, -m, and -T options
           More precise warnings
           Deprecated: Inherited ""AUTOLOAD"" for non-methods
           Previously deprecated %OVERLOAD is no longer usable
           Subroutine arguments created only when they're modi-
           fied





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           Group vector changeable with ""$)""
           Fixed parsing of $$<digit>, &$<digit>, etc.
           Fixed localization of $<digit>, $&, etc.
           No resetting of $. on implicit close
           ""wantarray"" may return undef
           ""eval EXPR"" determines value of EXPR in scalar con-
           text
           Changes to tainting checks
               No glob() or <*>, No spawning if tainted $CDPATH,
               $ENV, $BASH_ENV, No spawning if tainted $TERM
               doesn't look like a terminal name

           New Opcode module and revised Safe module
           Embedding improvements
           Internal change: FileHandle class based on IO::*
           classes
           Internal change: PerlIO abstraction interface
           New and changed syntax
               $coderef->(PARAMS)

           New and changed builtin constants
               __PACKAGE__

           New and changed builtin variables
               $^E, $^H, $^M

           New and changed builtin functions
               delete on slices, flock, printf and sprintf, keys
               as an lvalue, my() in Control Structures, pack()
               and unpack(), sysseek(), use VERSION, use Module
               VERSION LIST, prototype(FUNCTION), srand, $_ as
               Default, "m//gc" does not reset search position on
               failure, "m//x" ignores whitespace before ?*+{},
               nested "sub{}" closures work now, formats work
               right on changing lexicals

           New builtin methods
               isa(CLASS), can(METHOD), VERSION( [NEED] )

           TIEHANDLE now supported
               TIEHANDLE classname, LIST, PRINT this, LIST,
               PRINTF this, LIST, READ this LIST, READLINE this,
               GETC this, DESTROY this

           Malloc enhancements
               -DPERL_EMERGENCY_SBRK, -DPACK_MALLOC,
               -DTWO_POT_OPTIMIZE

           Miscellaneous efficiency enhancements
       Support for More Operating Systems
           Win32
           Plan 9





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           QNX
           AmigaOS
       Pragmata
           use autouse MODULE => qw(sub1 sub2 sub3), use blib,
           use blib 'dir', use constant NAME => VALUE, use
           locale, use ops, use vmsish

       Modules
           Required Updates
           Installation directories
           Module information summary
           Fcntl
           IO
           Math::Complex
           Math::Trig
           DB_File
           Net::Ping
           Object-oriented overrides for builtin operators
       Utility Changes
           pod2html
               Sends converted HTML to standard output

           xsubpp
               "void" XSUBs now default to returning nothing

       C Language API Changes
           "gv_fetchmethod" and "perl_call_sv", "perl_eval_pv",
           Extended API for manipulating hashes

       Documentation Changes
           the perldelta manpage, the perlfaq manpage, the perl-
           locale manpage, the perltoot manpage, the perlapio
           manpage, the perlmodlib manpage, the perldebug man-
           page, the perlsec manpage

       New Diagnostics
           "my" variable %s masks earlier declaration in same
           scope, %s argument is not a HASH element or slice,
           Allocation too large: %lx, Allocation too large,
           Applying %s to %s will act on scalar(%s), Attempt to
           free nonexistent shared string, Attempt to use refer-
           ence as lvalue in substr, Bareword "%s" refers to
           nonexistent package, Can't redefine active sort sub-
           routine %s, Can't use bareword ("%s") as %s ref while
           "strict refs" in use, Cannot resolve method `%s' over-
           loading `%s' in package `%s', Constant subroutine %s
           redefined, Constant subroutine %s undefined, Copy
           method did not return a reference, Died, Exiting
           pseudo-block via %s, Identifier too long, Illegal
           character %s (carriage return), Illegal switch in
           PERL5OPT: %s, Integer overflow in hex number, Integer
           overflow in octal number, internal error: glob failed,
           Invalid conversion in %s: "%s", Invalid type in pack:
           '%s', Invalid type in unpack: '%s', Name "%s::%s" used



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           only once: possible typo, Null picture in formline,
           Offset outside string, Out of memory!, Out of memory
           during request for %s, panic: frexp, Possible attempt
           to put comments in qw() list, Possible attempt to sep-
           arate words with commas, Scalar value @%s{%s} better
           written as $%s{%s}, Stub found while resolving method
           `%s' overloading `%s' in %s, Too late for "-T" option,
           untie attempted while %d inner references still exist,
           Unrecognized character %s, Unsupported function fork,
           Use of "$$<digit>" to mean "${$}<digit>" is depre-
           cated, Value of %s can be "0"; test with defined(),
           Variable "%s" may be unavailable, Variable "%s" will
           not stay shared, Warning: something's wrong, Ill-
           formed logical name |%s| in prime_env_iter, Got an
           error from DosAllocMem, Malformed PERLLIB_PREFIX,
           PERL_SH_DIR too long, Process terminated by SIG%s

       BUGS
       SEE ALSO
       HISTORY

       perlaix, README.aix - Perl version 5 on IBM Unix (AIX)
       systems


       DESCRIPTION
           Compiling Perl 5 on AIX
           OS level
           Building Dynamic Extensions on AIX
           The IBM ANSI C Compiler
           Using GNU's gcc for building perl
           Using Large Files with Perl
           Threaded Perl
           64-bit Perl
           GDBM and Threads
           NFS filesystems and utime(2)
       AUTHOR
       DATE

       perlamiga - Perl under Amiga OS


       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
           Prerequisites
               Unix emulation for AmigaOS: ixemul.library, Ver-
               sion of Amiga OS

           Starting Perl programs under AmigaOS
           Shortcomings of Perl under AmigaOS
       INSTALLATION
       Accessing documentation





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           Manpages
           HTML
           GNU ""info"" files
           ""LaTeX"" docs
       BUILD
           Prerequisites
           Getting the perl source
           Making
               sh Configure -Dprefix=/ade -Dloclibpth=/ade/lib

           Testing
           Installing the built perl
       AUTHORS
       SEE ALSO

       perlbs2000, README.BS2000 - building and installing Perl
       for BS2000.


       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
           gzip
           bison
           Unpacking
           Compiling
           Testing
           Install
           Using Perl in the Posix-Shell
           Using Perl in ""native"" BS2000
           Floating point anomalies
       AUTHORS
       SEE ALSO
           Mailing list
       HISTORY

       perlcygwin, README.cygwin - Perl for Cygwin


       SYNOPSIS
       PREREQUISITES
           Cygwin = GNU+Cygnus+Windows (Don't leave UNIX without
           it)
           Cygwin Configuration
               "PATH", nroff, Permissions

       CONFIGURE
           Strip Binaries
           Optional Libraries
               "-lcrypt", "-lgdbm" ("use GDBM_File"), "-ldb"
               ("use DB_File"), "-lcygipc" ("use IPC::SysV")

           Configure-time Options
               "-Uusedl", "-Uusemymalloc", "-Dusemultiplicity",
               "-Duseperlio", "-Duse64bitint", "-Duselongdouble",



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               "-Dusethreads", "-Duselargefiles"

           Suspicious Warnings
               dlsym(), Win9x and "d_eofnblk", Compiler/Prepro-
               cessor defines

       MAKE
           Warnings
           ld2
       TEST
           File Permissions
           Hard Links
           Filetime Granularity
           Tainting Checks
           /etc/group
           Script Portability
               Pathnames, Text/Binary, .exe, chown(), Miscella-
               neous

       INSTALL
       MANIFEST
           Documentation, Build, Configure, Make, Install, Tests,
           Compiled Perl Source, Compiled Module Source, Perl
           Modules/Scripts

       BUGS
       AUTHORS
       HISTORY

       perldos - Perl under DOS, W31, W95.


       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
           Prerequisites
               DJGPP, Pthreads

           Shortcomings of Perl under DOS
           Building
           Testing
           Installation
       BUILDING AND INSTALLING MODULES
           Prerequisites
           Unpacking CPAN Modules
           Building Non-XS Modules
           Building XS Modules
       AUTHOR
       SEE ALSO

       perlepoc, README.epoc - Perl for EPOC


       SYNOPSIS




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       INTRODUCTION
       INSTALLING PERL ON EPOC
       STARTING PERL ON EPOC
       STOPPING PERL ON EPOC
       USING PERL ON EPOC
           I/O Redirection
           PATH Names
           Editors
           Features
           Restrictions
           Compiling Perl 5 on the EPOC cross compiling environ-
           ment
       SUPPORT STATUS
       AUTHOR
       LAST UPDATE

       perlhpux, README.hpux - Perl version 5 on Hewlett-Packard
       Unix (HP-UX) systems


       DESCRIPTION
           Compiling Perl 5 on HP-UX
           PA-RISC
           PA-RISC 1.0
           PA-RISC 1.1
           PA-RISC 2.0
           Portability Between PA-RISC Versions
           Building Dynamic Extensions on HP-UX
           The HP ANSI C Compiler
           Using Large Files with Perl
           Threaded Perl
           64-bit Perl
           GDBM and Threads
           NFS filesystems and utime(2)
           perl -P and //
       AUTHOR
       DATE

       perlmachten, README.machten - Perl version 5 on Power
       MachTen systems


       DESCRIPTION
           Compiling Perl 5 on MachTen
           Failures during ""make test""
               op/lexassign.t, pragma/warnings.t

           Building external modules
       AUTHOR
       DATE







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       perlmacos, README.macos - Perl under Mac OS (Classic)


       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
       AUTHOR
       DATE

       perlmpeix, README.mpeix - Perl/iX for HP e3000 MPE


SYNOPSIS
       What's New
       System Requirements
       How to Obtain Perl/iX
       Distribution Contents Highlights
           README, public_html/feedback.cgi,  4,  6

       Getting Started with Perl/iX
       MPE/iX Implementation Considerations
       Change History

       perlos2 - Perl under OS/2, DOS, Win0.3*, Win0.95 and
       WinNT.


       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
           Target
           Other OSes
           Prerequisites
               EMX, RSX, HPFS, pdksh

           Starting Perl programs under OS/2 (and DOS and...)
           Starting OS/2 (and DOS) programs under Perl
       Frequently asked questions
           ""It does not work""
           I cannot run external programs
           I cannot embed perl into my program, or use perl.dll
           from my pro- gram.
               Is your program EMX-compiled with "-Zmt -Zcrt-
               dll"?, Did you use the ExtUtils::Embed manpage?

           ""``"" and pipe-""open"" do not work under DOS.
           Cannot start ""find.exe ""pattern"" file""
       INSTALLATION
           Automatic binary installation
               "PERL_BADLANG", "PERL_BADFREE", Config.pm

           Manual binary installation
               Perl VIO and PM executables (dynamically linked),
               Perl_ VIO executable (statically linked), Executa-
               bles for Perl utilities, Main Perl library, Addi-
               tional Perl modules, Tools to compile Perl



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               modules, Manpages for Perl and utilities, Manpages
               for Perl modules, Source for Perl documentation,
               Perl manual in .INF format, Pdksh

           Warning
       Accessing documentation
           OS/2 .INF file
           Plain text
           Manpages
           HTML
           GNU ""info"" files
           .PDF files
           ""LaTeX"" docs
       BUILD
           The short story
           Prerequisites
           Getting perl source
           Application of the patches
           Hand-editing
           Making
           Testing
               A lot of "bad free", Process terminated by
               SIGTERM/SIGINT, op/fs.t, op/stat.t

           Installing the built perl
           ""a.out""-style build
       Build FAQ
           Some ""/"" became ""\"" in pdksh.
           ""'errno'"" - unresolved external
           Problems with tr or sed
           Some problem (forget which ;-)
           Library ... not found
           Segfault in make
           op/sprintf test failure
       Specific (mis)features of OS/2 port
           ""setpriority"", ""getpriority""
           ""system()""
           ""extproc"" on the first line
           Additional modules:
           Prebuilt methods:
               "File::Copy::syscopy", "DynaLoader::mod2fname",
               "Cwd::current_drive()",
                "Cwd::sys_chdir(name)",
               "Cwd::change_drive(name)",
               "Cwd::sys_is_absolute(name)", "Cwd::sys_is_rooted(name)",
               "Cwd::sys_is_relative(name)", "Cwd::sys_cwd(name)",
               "Cwd::sys_abspath(name, dir)",  "Cwd::extLib-
               path([type])", "Cwd::extLibpath_set( path [, type
               ] )", "OS2::Error(do_harderror,do_exception)",
               "OS2::Errors2Drive(drive)", OS2:\fIs0:SysInfo(),
               OS2:\fIs0:BootDrive(), "OS2::MorphPM(serve)",
               "OS2::UnMorphPM(serve)", "OS2::Serve_Mes-
               sages(force)", "OS2::Process_Messages(force [,
               cnt])", "OS2::_control87(new,mask)",



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               OS2:\fIs0:get_control87(), "OS2::set_con-
               trol87_em(new=MCW_EM,mask=MCW_EM)"

           Prebuilt variables:
               $OS2::emx_rev, $OS2::emx_env, $OS2::os_ver

           Misfeatures
           Modifications
               "popen", "tmpnam", "tmpfile", "ctermid", "stat",
               "mkdir", "rmdir", "flock"

           Identifying DLLs
           Centralized management of resources
               "HAB", "HMQ"

       Perl flavors
           perl.exe
           perl_.exe
           perl__.exe
           perl___.exe
           Why strange names?
           Why dynamic linking?
           Why chimera build?
       ENVIRONMENT
           ""PERLLIB_PREFIX""
           ""PERL_BADLANG""
           ""PERL_BADFREE""
           ""PERL_SH_DIR""
           ""USE_PERL_FLOCK""
           ""TMP"" or ""TEMP""
       Evolution
           Priorities
           DLL name mangling
           Threading
           Calls to external programs
           Memory allocation
           Threads
               "COND_WAIT", os2.c

       AUTHOR
       SEE ALSO

       perlos390, README.os390 - building and installing Perl for
       OS/390.


       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
           Unpacking
           Setup and utilities
           Configure
           Build, test, install





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           build anomalies
           testing anomalies
           installation anomalies
           Usage Hints
           Floating point anomalies
           Modules and Extensions
       AUTHORS
       SEE ALSO
           Mailing list
       HISTORY

       perlsolaris, README.solaris - Perl version 5 on Solaris
       systems


       DESCRIPTION
           Solaris Version Numbers.
       RESOURCES
           Solaris FAQ, Precompiled Binaries, Solaris Documenta-
           tion

       SETTING UP
           File Extraction Problems.
           Compiler and Related Tools.
           Environment
       RUN CONFIGURE.
           64-bit Issues.
           Threads.
           Malloc Issues.
       MAKE PROBLEMS.
           Dynamic Loading Problems With GNU as and GNU ld,
           ld.so.1: ./perl: fatal: relocation error:, dlopen:
           stub interception failed, #error "No DATAMODEL_NATIVE
           specified", sh: ar: not found

       MAKE TEST
           op/stat.t test 4
       PREBUILT BINARIES.
       RUNTIME ISSUES.
           Limits on Numbers of Open Files.
       SOLARIS-SPECIFIC MODULES.
       SOLARIS-SPECIFIC PROBLEMS WITH MODULES.
           Proc::ProcessTable
           BSD::Resource
           Net::SSLeay
       AUTHOR
       LAST MODIFIED

       perlvmesa, README.vmesa - building and installing Perl for
       VM/ESA.


       SYNOPSIS




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       DESCRIPTION
           Unpacking
           Setup and utilities
           Configure
               Don't turn on the compiler optimization flag "-O".
               There's a bug in the compiler (APAR PQ18812) that
               generates some bad code the optimizer is on, As
               VM/ESA doesn't fully support the fork() API pro-
               grams relying on this call will not work. I've
               replaced fork()/exec() with spawn() and the stan-
               dalone exec() with spawn(). This has a side effect
               when opening unnamed pipes in a shell script:
               there is no child process generated under

           testing anomalies
           Usage Hints
               When using perl on VM/ESA please keep in mind that
               the EBCDIC and ASCII character sets are different.
               Perl builtin functions that may behave differently
               under EBCDIC are mentioned in the perlport.pod
               document.

       AUTHORS
       SEE ALSO
           Mailing list

       perlvms - VMS-specific documentation for Perl


       DESCRIPTION
       Installation
       Organization of Perl Images
           Core Images
           Perl Extensions
           Installing static extensions
           Installing dynamic extensions
       File specifications
           Syntax
           Wildcard expansion
           Pipes
       PERL5LIB and PERLLIB
       Command line
           I/O redirection and backgrounding
           Command line switches
               -i, -S, -u

       Perl functions
           File tests, backticks, binmode FILEHANDLE, crypt
           PLAINTEXT, USER, dump, exec LIST, fork, getpwent, get-
           pwnam, getpwuid, gmtime, kill, qx//, select (system
           call), stat EXPR, system LIST, time, times, unlink
           LIST, utime LIST, waitpid PID,FLAGS





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       Perl variables
           %ENV, CRTL_ENV, CLISYM_[LOCAL], Any other string, $!,
           $^E, $?, $^S, $|

       Standard modules with VMS-specific differences
           SDBM_File
       Revision date
       AUTHOR

       perlvos, README.vos - Perl for Stratus VOS


       SYNOPSIS
           Stratus POSIX Support
       INSTALLING PERL IN VOS
           Compiling Perl 5 on VOS
           Installing Perl 5 on VOS
       USING PERL IN VOS
           Unimplemented Features
           Restrictions
       SUPPORT STATUS
       AUTHOR
       LAST UPDATE

       perlwin32 - Perl under Win32


       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
           Setting Up
               Make, Command Shell, Borland C++, Microsoft Visual
               C++, Mingw32 with GCC

           Building
           Testing
           Installation
           Usage Hints
               Environment Variables, File Globbing, Using perl
               from the command line, Building Extensions, Com-
               mand-line Wildcard Expansion, Win32 Specific
               Extensions, Running Perl Scripts, Miscellaneous
               Things

       BUGS AND CAVEATS
       AUTHORS
           Gary Ng <71564.1743@CompuServe.COM>, Gurusamy Sarathy
           <gsar@activestate.com>, Nick Ing-Simmons <nick@ni-s.u-
           net.com>

       SEE ALSO
       HISTORY

PRAGMA DOCUMENTATION




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       attrs - set/get attributes of a subroutine (deprecated)


       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
           method, locked

       re - Perl pragma to alter regular expression behaviour


       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION

       attributes - get/set subroutine or variable attributes


       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
           Built-in Attributes
               locked, method, lvalue

           Available Subroutines
               get, reftype

           Package-specific Attribute Handling
               FETCH_type_ATTRIBUTES, MODIFY_type_ATTRIBUTES

           Syntax of Attribute Lists
       EXPORTS
           Default exports
           Available exports
           Export tags defined
       EXAMPLES
       SEE ALSO

       attrs - set/get attributes of a subroutine (deprecated)


       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
           method, locked

       autouse - postpone load of modules until a function is
       used


       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
       WARNING
       AUTHOR
       SEE ALSO






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       base - Establish IS-A relationship with base class at com-
       pile time


       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
       HISTORY
       SEE ALSO

       blib - Use MakeMaker's uninstalled version of a package


       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
       BUGS
       AUTHOR

       bytes - Perl pragma to force byte semantics rather than
       character semantics


       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
       SEE ALSO

       charnames - define character names for "\N{named}" string
       literal escape.


       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
       CUSTOM TRANSLATORS
       BUGS

       constant - Perl pragma to declare constants


       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
       NOTES
       TECHNICAL NOTE
       BUGS
       AUTHOR
       COPYRIGHT

       diagnostics - Perl compiler pragma to force verbose warn-
       ing diagnostics


       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
           The ""diagnostics"" Pragma





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           The splain Program
       EXAMPLES
       INTERNALS
       BUGS
       AUTHOR

       fields - compile-time class fields


       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
           new, phash

       SEE ALSO

       filetest - Perl pragma to control the filetest permission
       operators

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
           subpragma access

       integer - Perl pragma to use integer arithmetic instead of
       floating point


       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION

       less - perl pragma to request less of something from the
       compiler


       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION

       lib - manipulate @INC at compile time


       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
           Adding directories to @INC
           Deleting directories from @INC
           Restoring original @INC
       SEE ALSO
       AUTHOR

       locale - Perl pragma to use and avoid POSIX locales for
       built-in operations


       SYNOPSIS





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       DESCRIPTION

       open - perl pragma to set default disciplines for input
       and output


       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
       UNIMPLEMENTED FUNCTIONALITY
       SEE ALSO

       ops - Perl pragma to restrict unsafe operations when com-
       piling


       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
       SEE ALSO

       overload - Package for overloading perl operations


       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
           Declaration of overloaded functions
           Calling Conventions for Binary Operations
               FALSE, TRUE, "undef"

           Calling Conventions for Unary Operations
           Calling Conventions for Mutators
               "++" and "--", "x=" and other assignment versions

           Overloadable Operations
               Arithmetic operations, Comparison operations, Bit
               operations, Increment and decrement, Transcenden-
               tal functions, Boolean, string and numeric conver-
               sion, Iteration, Dereferencing, Special

           Inheritance and overloading
               Strings as values of "use overload" directive,
               Overloading of an operation is inherited by
               derived classes

       SPECIAL SYMBOLS FOR ""use overload""
           Last Resort
           Fallback
               "undef", TRUE, defined, but FALSE

           Copy Constructor
               Example

       MAGIC AUTOGENERATION
           Assignment forms of arithmetic operations, Conversion
           operations, Increment and decrement, "abs($a)", Unary



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           minus, Negation, Concatenation, Comparison operations,
           Iterator, Dereferencing, Copy operator

       Losing overloading
       Run-time Overloading
       Public functions
           overload::StrVal(arg), overload::Overloaded(arg),
           overload::Method(obj,op)

       Overloading constants
           integer, float, binary, q, qr

       IMPLEMENTATION
       Metaphor clash
       Cookbook
           Two-face scalars
           Two-face references
           Symbolic calculator
           Really symbolic calculator
       AUTHOR
       DIAGNOSTICS
           Odd number of arguments for overload::constant, `%s'
           is not an overloadable type, `%s' is not a code refer-
           ence

       BUGS

       re - Perl pragma to alter regular expression behaviour

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION

       sigtrap - Perl pragma to enable simple signal handling


       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
       OPTIONS
           SIGNAL HANDLERS
               stack-trace, die, handler your-handler

           SIGNAL LISTS
               normal-signals, error-signals, old-interface-sig-
               nals

           OTHER
               untrapped, any, signal, number

       EXAMPLES

       strict - Perl pragma to restrict unsafe constructs






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       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
           "strict refs", "strict vars", "strict subs"

       subs - Perl pragma to predeclare sub names


       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION

       utf8 - Perl pragma to enable/disable UTF-8 in source code


       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
       SEE ALSO

       vars - Perl pragma to predeclare global variable names
       (obsolete)


       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION

       warnings - Perl pragma to control optional warnings


       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
           use warnings::register, warnings::enabled(), warn-
           ings::enabled($category), warnings::enabled($object),
           warnings::warn($message), warnings::warn($category,
           $message), warnings::warn($object, $message), warn-
           ings::warnif($message), warnings::warnif($category,
           $message), warnings::warnif($object, $message)

       warnings::register - warnings import function


MODULE DOCUMENTATION
       AnyDBM_File - provide framework for multiple DBMs


       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
           DBM Comparisons
               [0], [1], [2], [3]

       SEE ALSO

       AutoLoader - load subroutines only on demand






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       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
           Subroutine Stubs
           Using AutoLoader's AUTOLOAD Subroutine
           Overriding AutoLoader's AUTOLOAD Subroutine
           Package Lexicals
           Not Using AutoLoader
           AutoLoader vs. SelfLoader
       CAVEATS
       SEE ALSO

       AutoSplit - split a package for autoloading


       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
           $keep, $check, $modtime

           Multiple packages
       DIAGNOSTICS

       B - The Perl Compiler


       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
       OVERVIEW OF CLASSES
           SV-RELATED CLASSES
           B::SV METHODS
               REFCNT, FLAGS

           B::IV METHODS
               IV, IVX, UVX, int_value, needs64bits, packiv

           B::NV METHODS
               NV, NVX

           B::RV METHODS
               RV

           B::PV METHODS
               PV, PVX

           B::PVMG METHODS
               MAGIC, SvSTASH

           B::MAGIC METHODS
               MOREMAGIC, PRIVATE, TYPE, FLAGS, OBJ, PTR

           B::PVLV METHODS
               TARGOFF, TARGLEN, TYPE, TARG

           B::BM METHODS
               USEFUL, PREVIOUS, RARE, TABLE



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           B::GV METHODS
               is_empty, NAME, SAFENAME, STASH, SV, IO, FORM, AV,
               HV, EGV, CV, CVGEN, LINE, FILE, FILEGV, GvREFCNT,
               FLAGS

           B::IO METHODS
               LINES, PAGE, PAGE_LEN, LINES_LEFT, TOP_NAME,
               TOP_GV, FMT_NAME, FMT_GV, BOTTOM_NAME, BOTTOM_GV,
               SUBPROCESS, IoTYPE, IoFLAGS

           B::AV METHODS
               FILL, MAX, OFF, ARRAY, AvFLAGS

           B::CV METHODS
               STASH, START, ROOT, GV, FILE, DEPTH, PADLIST, OUT-
               SIDE, XSUB, XSUBANY, CvFLAGS

           B::HV METHODS
               FILL, MAX, KEYS, RITER, NAME, PMROOT, ARRAY

           OP-RELATED CLASSES
           B::OP METHODS
               next, sibling, name, ppaddr, desc, targ, type,
               seq, flags, private

           B::UNOP METHOD
               first

           B::BINOP METHOD
               last

           B::LOGOP METHOD
               other

           B::LISTOP METHOD
               children

           B::PMOP METHODS
               pmreplroot, pmreplstart, pmnext, pmregexp,
               pmflags, pmpermflags, precomp

           B::SVOP METHOD
               sv, gv

           B::PADOP METHOD
               padix

           B::PVOP METHOD
               pv

           B::LOOP METHODS
               redoop, nextop, lastop





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           B::COP METHODS
               label, stash, file, cop_seq, arybase, line

       FUNCTIONS EXPORTED BY ""B""
           main_cv, init_av, main_root, main_start, comppadlist,
           sv_undef, sv_yes, sv_no, amagic_generation, walkop-
           tree(OP, METHOD), walkoptree_debug(DEBUG),
           walksymtable(SYMREF, METHOD, RECURSE),
           svref_2object(SV), ppname(OPNUM), hash(STR),
           cast_I32(I), minus_c, cstring(STR), class(OBJ),
           threadsv_names

       AUTHOR

       B::Asmdata - Autogenerated data about Perl ops, used to
       generate bytecode

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
       AUTHOR

       B::Assembler - Assemble Perl bytecode


       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
       AUTHORS

       B::Bblock - Walk basic blocks


       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
       AUTHOR

       B::Bytecode - Perl compiler's bytecode backend


       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
       OPTIONS
           -ofilename, -afilename, --, -f, -fcompress-nullops,
           -fomit-sequence-numbers, -fbypass-nullops, -On, -D,
           -Do, -Db, -Da, -DC, -S, -upackage    Stores package in
           the output.    =back

       EXAMPLES
       BUGS
       AUTHORS

       B::C - Perl compiler's C backend






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       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
       OPTIONS
           -ofilename, -v, --, -uPackname, -D, -Do, -Dc, -DA,
           -DC, -DM, -f, -fcog, -fno-cog, -On, -llimit

       EXAMPLES
       BUGS
       AUTHOR

       B::CC - Perl compiler's optimized C translation backend


       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
       OPTIONS
           -ofilename, -v, --, -uPackname, -mModulename, -D, -Dr,
           -DO, -Ds, -Dp, -Dq, -Dl, -Dt, -f, -ffreetmps-each-
           bblock, -ffreetmps-each-loop, -fomit-taint, -On

       EXAMPLES
       BUGS
       DIFFERENCES
           Loops
           Context of ""..""
           Arithmetic
           Deprecated features
       AUTHOR

       B::Concise - Walk Perl syntax tree, printing concise info
       about ops


       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
       OPTIONS
           -basic, -exec, -tree, -compact, -loose, -vt, -ascii,
           -main, -basen, -bigendian, -littleendian, -concise,
           -terse, -linenoise, -debug, -env

       FORMATTING SPECIFICATIONS
           (x(exec_text;basic_text)x), (*(text)*),
           (*(text1;text2)*), (?(text1#varText2)?), #var, #varN,
           ~, #addr, #arg, #class, #classym, #coplabel, #exname,
           #extarg, #firstaddr, #flags, #flagval, #hyphenseq,
           #label, #lastaddr, #name, #NAME, #next, #nextaddr,
           #noise, #private, #privval, #seq, #seqnum, #sibaddr,
           #svaddr, #svclass, #svval, #targ, #targarg, #targar-
           glife, #typenum

       ABBREVIATIONS
           OP flags abbreviations





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           OP class abbreviations
       AUTHOR

       B::Debug - Walk Perl syntax tree, printing debug info
       about ops


       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
       AUTHOR

       B::Deparse - Perl compiler backend to produce perl code


       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
       OPTIONS
           -l, -p, -q, -uPACKAGE, -sLETTERS, C, iNUMBER, T,
           vSTRING., -xLEVEL

       USING B::Deparse AS A MODULE
           Synopsis
           Description
           new
           coderef2text
       BUGS
       AUTHOR

       B::Disassembler - Disassemble Perl bytecode


       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
       AUTHOR

       B::Lint - Perl lint


       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
       OPTIONS AND LINT CHECKS
           context, implicit-read and implicit-write, dollar-
           underscore, private-names, undefined-subs, regexp-
           variables, all, none

       NON LINT-CHECK OPTIONS
           -u Package

       BUGS
       AUTHOR







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       B::O, O - Generic interface to Perl Compiler backends


       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
       CONVENTIONS
       IMPLEMENTATION
       AUTHOR

       B::Showlex - Show lexical variables used in functions or
       files


       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
       AUTHOR

       B::Stackobj - Helper module for CC backend


       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
       AUTHOR

       B::Stash - show what stashes are loaded


       B::Terse - Walk Perl syntax tree, printing terse info
       about ops


       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
       AUTHOR

       B::Xref - Generates cross reference reports for Perl pro-
       grams


       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
       OPTIONS
           "-oFILENAME", "-r", "-D[tO]"

       BUGS
       AUTHOR

       Bblock, B::Bblock - Walk basic blocks


       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION





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       AUTHOR

       Benchmark - benchmark running times of Perl code


       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
           Methods
               new, debug, iters

           Standard Exports
               timeit(COUNT, CODE), timethis ( COUNT, CODE, [
               TITLE, [ STYLE ]] ), timethese ( COUNT, CODE-
               HASHREF, [ STYLE ] ), timediff ( T1, T2 ), timestr
               ( TIMEDIFF, [ STYLE, [ FORMAT ] ] )

           Optional Exports
               clearcache ( COUNT ), clearallcache ( ), cmpthese
               ( COUT, CODEHASHREF, [ STYLE ] ), cmpthese (
               RESULTSHASHREF ), countit(TIME, CODE), disable-
               cache ( ), enablecache ( ), timesum ( T1, T2 )

       NOTES
       EXAMPLES
       INHERITANCE
       CAVEATS
       SEE ALSO
       AUTHORS
       MODIFICATION HISTORY

       ByteLoader - load byte compiled perl code


       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
       AUTHOR
       SEE ALSO

       Bytecode, B::Bytecode - Perl compiler's bytecode backend


       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
       OPTIONS
           -ofilename, -afilename, --, -f, -fcompress-nullops,
           -fomit-sequence-numbers, -fbypass-nullops, -On, -D,
           -Do, -Db, -Da, -DC, -S, -upackage    Stores package in
           the output.    =back

       EXAMPLES
       BUGS
       AUTHORS





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       CGI - Simple Common Gateway Interface Class


       SYNOPSIS
       ABSTRACT
       DESCRIPTION
           PROGRAMMING STYLE
           CALLING CGI.PM ROUTINES
           CREATING A NEW QUERY OBJECT (OBJECT-ORIENTED STYLE):
           CREATING A NEW QUERY OBJECT FROM AN INPUT FILE
           FETCHING A LIST OF KEYWORDS FROM THE QUERY:
           FETCHING THE NAMES OF ALL THE PARAMETERS PASSED TO
           YOUR SCRIPT:
           FETCHING THE VALUE OR VALUES OF A SINGLE NAMED PARAME-
           TER:
           SETTING THE VALUE(S) OF A NAMED PARAMETER:
           APPENDING ADDITIONAL VALUES TO A NAMED PARAMETER:
           IMPORTING ALL PARAMETERS INTO A NAMESPACE:
           DELETING A PARAMETER COMPLETELY:
           DELETING ALL PARAMETERS:
           DIRECT ACCESS TO THE PARAMETER LIST:
           FETCHING THE PARAMETER LIST AS A HASH:
           SAVING THE STATE OF THE SCRIPT TO A FILE:
           RETRIEVING CGI ERRORS
           USING THE FUNCTION-ORIENTED INTERFACE
               :cgi, :form, :html2, :html3, :netscape, :html,
               :standard, :all

           PRAGMAS
               -any, -compile, -nosticky, -no_xhtml, -nph, -new-
               style_urls, -oldstyle_urls, -autoload, -no_debug,
               -debug, -private_tempfiles

           SPECIAL FORMS FOR IMPORTING HTML-TAG FUNCTIONS
               1. start_table() (generates a <TABLE> tag), 2.
               end_table() (generates a </TABLE> tag), 3.
               start_ul() (generates a <UL> tag), 4. end_ul()
               (generates a </UL> tag)

       GENERATING DYNAMIC DOCUMENTS
           CREATING A STANDARD HTTP HEADER:
           GENERATING A REDIRECTION HEADER
           CREATING THE HTML DOCUMENT HEADER
               Parameters:, 4, 5, 6..

           ENDING THE HTML DOCUMENT:
           CREATING A SELF-REFERENCING URL THAT PRESERVES STATE
           INFORMATION:
           OBTAINING THE SCRIPT'S URL
               -absolute, -relative, -full, -path (-path_info),
               -query (-query_string), -base

           MIXING POST AND URL PARAMETERS




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       CREATING STANDARD HTML ELEMENTS:
           PROVIDING ARGUMENTS TO HTML SHORTCUTS
           THE DISTRIBUTIVE PROPERTY OF HTML SHORTCUTS
           HTML SHORTCUTS AND LIST INTERPOLATION
           NON-STANDARD HTML SHORTCUTS
           AUTOESCAPING HTML
               $escaped_string = escapeHTML("unescaped string");,
               $charset = charset([$charset]);, $flag =
               autoEscape([$flag]);

           PRETTY-PRINTING HTML
       CREATING FILL-OUT FORMS:
           CREATING AN ISINDEX TAG
           STARTING AND ENDING A FORM
               application/x-www-form-urlencoded, multipart/form-
               data

           CREATING A TEXT FIELD
               Parameters

           CREATING A BIG TEXT FIELD
           CREATING A PASSWORD FIELD
           CREATING A FILE UPLOAD FIELD
               Parameters

           CREATING A POPUP MENU
           CREATING A SCROLLING LIST
               Parameters:

           CREATING A GROUP OF RELATED CHECKBOXES
               Parameters:

           CREATING A STANDALONE CHECKBOX
               Parameters:

           CREATING A RADIO BUTTON GROUP
               Parameters:

           CREATING A SUBMIT BUTTON
               Parameters:

           CREATING A RESET BUTTON
           CREATING A DEFAULT BUTTON
           CREATING A HIDDEN FIELD
               Parameters:

           CREATING A CLICKABLE IMAGE BUTTON
               Parameters:

           CREATING A JAVASCRIPT ACTION BUTTON
       HTTP COOKIES
           1. an expiration time, 2. a domain, 3. a path, 4. a
           "secure" flag, -name, -value, -path, -domain,
           -expires, -secure



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       WORKING WITH FRAMES
           1. Create a <Frameset> document, 2. Specify the desti-
           nation for the document in the HTTP header, 3. Specify
           the destination for the document in the <FORM> tag

       LIMITED SUPPORT FOR CASCADING STYLE SHEETS
       DEBUGGING
           DUMPING OUT ALL THE NAME/VALUE PAIRS
       FETCHING ENVIRONMENT VARIABLES
           Accept(), raw_cookie(), user_agent(), path_info(),
           path_translated(), remote_host(), script_name(), ref-
           erer(), auth_type (), server_name (), virtual_host (),
           server_port (), server_software (), remote_user (),
           user_name (), request_method(), content_type(),
           http(), https()

       USING NPH SCRIPTS
           In the use statement, By calling the nph() method:, By
           using -nph parameters

       Server Push
           multipart_init(), multipart_start(), multipart_end(),
           multipart_final()

       Avoiding Denial of Service Attacks
           $CGI::POST_MAX, $CGI::DISABLE_UPLOADS, 1. On a script-
           by-script basis, 2. Globally for all scripts

       COMPATIBILITY WITH CGI-LIB.PL
       AUTHOR INFORMATION
       CREDITS
           Matt Heffron (heffron@falstaff.css.beckman.com), James
           Taylor (james.taylor@srs.gov), Scott Anguish <san-
           guish@digifix.com>, Mike Jewell (mlj3u@virginia.edu),
           Timothy Shimmin (tes@kbs.citri.edu.au), Joergen Haegg
           (jh@axis.se), Laurent Delfosse
           (delfosse@delfosse.com), Richard Resnick
           (applepi1@aol.com), Craig Bishop (csb@barwonwa-
           ter.vic.gov.au), Tony Curtis (tc@vcpc.univie.ac.at),
           Tim Bunce (Tim.Bunce@ig.co.uk), Tom Christiansen
           (tchrist@convex.com), Andreas Koenig (k@franz.ww.TU-
           Berlin.DE), Tim MacKenzie (Tim.MacKenzie@ful-
           crum.com.au), Kevin B. Hendricks (kbhend@dog-
           wood.tyler.wm.edu), Stephen Dahmen (joyfire@inx-
           press.net), Ed Jordan (ed@fidalgo.net), David Alan
           Pisoni (david@cnation.com), Doug MacEachern
           (dougm@opengroup.org), Robin Houston
           (robin@oneworld.org), ...and many many more..

       A COMPLETE EXAMPLE OF A SIMPLE FORM-BASED SCRIPT
       BUGS
       SEE ALSO





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       CGI::Apache - Backward compatibility module for CGI.pm


       SYNOPSIS
       ABSTRACT
       DESCRIPTION
       AUTHOR INFORMATION
       BUGS
       SEE ALSO

       CGI::Carp, CGI::Carp - CGI routines for writing to the
       HTTPD (or other) error log


       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
       REDIRECTING ERROR MESSAGES
       MAKING PERL ERRORS APPEAR IN THE BROWSER WINDOW
           Changing the default message
       MAKING WARNINGS APPEAR AS HTML COMMENTS
       CHANGE LOG
       AUTHORS
       SEE ALSO

       CGI::Cookie - Interface to Netscape Cookies


       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
       USING CGI::Cookie
           1. expiration date, 2. domain, 3. path, 4. secure flag

           Creating New Cookies
           Sending the Cookie to the Browser
           Recovering Previous Cookies
           Manipulating Cookies
               name(), value(), domain(), path(), expires()

       AUTHOR INFORMATION
       BUGS
       SEE ALSO

       CGI::Fast - CGI Interface for Fast CGI


       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
       OTHER PIECES OF THE PUZZLE
       WRITING FASTCGI PERL SCRIPTS
       INSTALLING FASTCGI SCRIPTS
       USING FASTCGI SCRIPTS AS CGI SCRIPTS
       CAVEATS





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       AUTHOR INFORMATION
       BUGS
       SEE ALSO

       CGI::Pretty - module to produce nicely formatted HTML code


       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
           Tags that won't be formatted
           Customizing the Indenting
       BUGS
       AUTHOR
       SEE ALSO

       CGI::Push - Simple Interface to Server Push


       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
       USING CGI::Push
           -next_page, -last_page, -type, -delay, -cookie, -tar-
           get, -expires, -nph

           Heterogeneous Pages
           Changing the Page Delay on the Fly
       INSTALLING CGI::Push SCRIPTS
       AUTHOR INFORMATION
       BUGS
       SEE ALSO

       CGI::Switch - Backward compatibility module for defunct
       CGI::Switch


       SYNOPSIS
       ABSTRACT
       DESCRIPTION
       AUTHOR INFORMATION
       BUGS
       SEE ALSO

       CGI::Util - Internal utilities used by CGI module


       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
       AUTHOR INFORMATION
       SEE ALSO

       CPAN - query, download and build perl modules from CPAN
       sites





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       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
           Interactive Mode
               Searching for authors, bundles, distribution files
               and modules, make, test, install, clean modules or
               distributions, get, readme, look module or distri-
               bution, ls author, Signals

           CPAN::Shell
           autobundle
           recompile
           The four ""CPAN::*"" Classes: Author, Bundle, Module,
           Distribu- tion
           Programmer's interface
               expand($type,@things), expandany(@things), Pro-
               gramming Examples

           Methods in the other Classes
               CPAN:\fIs0:Author::as_glimpse(),
               CPAN:\fIs0:Author::as_string(),
               CPAN:\fIs0:Author::email(),
               CPAN:\fIs0:Author::fullname(),
               CPAN:\fIs0:Author::name(), CPAN:\fIs0:Bun-
               dle::as_glimpse(), CPAN:\fIs0:Bundle::as_string(),
               CPAN:\fIs0:Bundle::clean(), CPAN:\fIs0:Bun-
               dle::contains(), CPAN::Bun-
               dle::force($method,@args), CPAN:\fIs0:Bun-
               dle::get(), CPAN:\fIs0:Bundle::inst_file(),
               CPAN:\fIs0:Bundle::inst_version(), CPAN:\fIs0:Bun-
               dle::uptodate(), CPAN:\fIs0:Bundle::install(),
               CPAN:\fIs0:Bundle::make(), CPAN:\fIs0:Bun-
               dle::readme(), CPAN:\fIs0:Bundle::test(),
               CPAN:\fIs0:Distribution::as_glimpse(),
               CPAN:\fIs0:Distribution::as_string(),
               CPAN:\fIs0:Distribution::clean(), CPAN:\fIs0:Dis-
               tribution::containsmods(), CPAN:\fIs0:Distribu-
               tion::cvs_import(), CPAN:\fIs0:Distribu-
               tion::dir(), CPAN::Distribu-
               tion::force($method,@args), CPAN:\fIs0:Distribu-
               tion::get(), CPAN:\fIs0:Distribution::install(),
               CPAN:\fIs0:Distribution::isa_perl(),
               CPAN:\fIs0:Distribution::look(), CPAN:\fIs0:Dis-
               tribution::make(), CPAN:\fIs0:Distribution::pre-
               req_pm(), CPAN:\fIs0:Distribution::readme(),
               CPAN:\fIs0:Distribution::test(), CPAN:\fIs0:Dis-
               tribution::uptodate(),
               CPAN:\fIs0:Index::force_reload(),
               CPAN:\fIs0:Index::reload(),
               CPAN:\fIs0:InfoObj::dump(), CPAN:\fIs0:Mod-
               ule::as_glimpse(), CPAN:\fIs0:Module::as_string(),
               CPAN:\fIs0:Module::clean(), CPAN:\fIs0:Mod-
               ule::cpan_file(), CPAN:\fIs0:Module::cpan_ver-
               sion(), CPAN:\fIs0:Module::cvs_import(),
               CPAN:\fIs0:Module::description(),



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               CPAN::Module::force($method,@args),
               CPAN:\fIs0:Module::get(), CPAN:\fIs0:Mod-
               ule::inst_file(), CPAN:\fIs0:Module::inst_ver-
               sion(), CPAN:\fIs0:Module::install(),
               CPAN:\fIs0:Module::look(), CPAN:\fIs0:Mod-
               ule::make(), CPAN:\fIs0:Module::manpage_head-
               line(), CPAN:\fIs0:Module::readme(),
               CPAN:\fIs0:Module::test(), CPAN:\fIs0:Mod-
               ule::uptodate(), CPAN:\fIs0:Module::userid()

           Cache Manager
           Bundles
           Prerequisites
           Finding packages and VERSION
           Debugging
           Floppy, Zip, Offline Mode
       CONFIGURATION
           "o conf <scalar option>", "o conf <scalar option>
           <value>", "o conf <list option>", "o conf <list
           option> [shift|pop]", "o conf <list option>
           [unshift|push|splice] <list>"

           Note on urllist parameter's format
           urllist parameter has CD-ROM support
       SECURITY
       EXPORT
       POPULATE AN INSTALLATION WITH LOTS OF MODULES
       WORKING WITH CPAN.pm BEHIND FIREWALLS
           Three basic types of firewalls
               http firewall, ftp firewall, One way visibility,
               SOCKS, IP Masquerade

           Configuring lynx or ncftp for going through a firewall
       FAQ 1), 2), 3), 4), 5), 6), 7), 8), 9), 10)

       BUGS
       AUTHOR
       TRANSLATIONS
       SEE ALSO

       CPAN::FirstTime - Utility for CPAN::Config file Initial-
       ization


       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION

       CPANox, CPAN::Nox - Wrapper around CPAN.pm without using
       any XS module


       SYNOPSIS





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       DESCRIPTION
       SEE ALSO

       Carp, carp    - warn of errors (from perspective of
       caller)


       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
           Forcing a Stack Trace
       BUGS

       Carp::Heavy - Carp guts


       SYNOPIS
       DESCRIPTION

       Class::Struct - declare struct-like datatypes as Perl
       classes


       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
           The ""struct()"" function
           Class Creation at Compile Time
           Element Types and Accessor Methods
               Scalar ("'$'" or "'*$'"), Array ("'@'" or "'*@'"),
               Hash ("'%'" or "'*%'"), Class ("'Class_Name'" or
               "'*Class_Name'")

           Initializing with ""new""
       EXAMPLES
           Example 1, Example 2, Example 3

       Author and Modification History

       Config - access Perl configuration information

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
           myconfig(), config_sh(), config_vars(@names)

       EXAMPLE
       WARNING
       GLOSSARY
           _   "_a", "_exe", "_o"

           a   "afs", "alignbytes", "ansi2knr", "aphostname",
               "api_revision", "api_subversion", "api_version",
               "api_versionstring", "ar", "archlib", "archlib-
               exp", "archname64", "archname", "archobjs", "awk"





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           b   "baserev", "bash", "bin", "bincompat5005", "bin-
               exp", "bison", "byacc", "byteorder"

           c   "c", "castflags", "cat", "cc", "cccdlflags",
               "ccdlflags", "ccflags", "ccflags_uselargefiles",
               "ccname", "ccsymbols", "ccversion", "cf_by",
               "cf_email", "cf_time", "charsize", "chgrp",
               "chmod", "chown", "clocktype", "comm", "compress"

           C   "CONFIGDOTSH", "contains", "cp", "cpio", "cpp",
               "cpp_stuff", "cppccsymbols", "cppflags",
               "cpplast", "cppminus", "cpprun", "cppstdin", "cpp-
               symbols", "crosscompile", "cryptlib", "csh"

           d   "d__fwalk", "d_access", "d_accessx", "d_alarm",
               "d_archlib", "d_atolf", "d_atoll", "d_attribut",
               "d_bcmp", "d_bcopy", "d_bincompat5005", "d_bsd",
               "d_bsdgetpgrp", "d_bsdsetpgrp", "d_bzero",
               "d_casti32", "d_castneg", "d_charvspr", "d_chown",
               "d_chroot", "d_chsize", "d_closedir", "d_const",
               "d_crypt", "d_csh", "d_cuserid", "d_dbl_dig",
               "d_difftime", "d_dirnamlen", "d_dlerror",
               "d_dlopen", "d_dlsymun", "d_dosuid",
               "d_drand48proto", "d_dup2", "d_eaccess", "d_end-
               grent", "d_endhent", "d_endnent", "d_endpent",
               "d_endpwent", "d_endsent", "d_eofnblk",
               "d_eunice", "d_fchmod", "d_fchown", "d_fcntl",
               "d_fcntl_can_lock", "d_fd_macros", "d_fd_set",
               "d_fds_bits", "d_fgetpos", "d_flexfnam",
               "d_flock", "d_fork", "d_fpathconf", "d_fpos64_t",
               "d_frexpl", "d_fs_data_s", "d_fseeko", "d_fset-
               pos", "d_fstatfs", "d_fstatvfs", "d_fsync",
               "d_ftello", "d_ftime", "d_Gconvert", "d_getcwd",
               "d_getespwnam", "d_getfsstat", "d_getgrent",
               "d_getgrps", "d_gethbyaddr", "d_gethbyname",
               "d_gethent", "d_gethname", "d_gethostprotos",
               "d_getlogin", "d_getmnt", "d_getmntent",
               "d_getnbyaddr", "d_getnbyname", "d_getnent",
               "d_getnetprotos", "d_getpagsz", "d_getpbyname",
               "d_getpbynumber", "d_getpent", "d_getpgid",
               "d_getpgrp2", "d_getpgrp", "d_getppid", "d_get-
               prior", "d_getprotoprotos", "d_getprpwnam",
               "d_getpwent", "d_getsbyname", "d_getsbyport",
               "d_getsent", "d_getservprotos", "d_getspnam",
               "d_gettimeod", "d_gnulibc", "d_grpasswd", "d_hasm-
               ntopt", "d_htonl", "d_iconv", "d_index", "d_ineta-
               ton", "d_int64_t", "d_isascii", "d_isnan",
               "d_isnanl", "d_killpg", "d_lchown", "d_ldbl_dig",
               "d_link", "d_locconv", "d_lockf", "d_longdbl",
               "d_longlong", "d_lseekproto", "d_lstat", "d_mad-
               vise", "d_mblen", "d_mbstowcs", "d_mbtowc",
               "d_memchr", "d_memcmp", "d_memcpy", "d_memmove",
               "d_memset", "d_mkdir", "d_mkdtemp", "d_mkfifo",
               "d_mkstemp", "d_mkstemps", "d_mktime", "d_mmap",



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               "d_modfl", "d_mprotect", "d_msg", "d_msg_ctrunc",
               "d_msg_dontroute", "d_msg_oob", "d_msg_peek",
               "d_msg_proxy", "d_msgctl", "d_msgget", "d_msgrcv",
               "d_msgsnd", "d_msync", "d_munmap", "d_mymalloc",
               "d_nice", "d_nv_preserves_uv", "d_nv_pre-
               serves_uv_bits", "d_off64_t", "d_old_pthread_cre-
               ate_joinable", "d_oldpthreads", "d_oldsock",
               "d_open3", "d_pathconf", "d_pause", "d_perl_other-
               libdirs", "d_phostname", "d_pipe", "d_poll",
               "d_portable", "d_PRId64", "d_PRIeldbl",
               "d_PRIEUldbl", "d_PRIfldbl", "d_PRIFUldbl",
               "d_PRIgldbl", "d_PRIGUldbl", "d_PRIi64",
               "d_PRIo64", "d_PRIu64", "d_PRIx64", "d_PRIXU64",
               "d_pthread_yield", "d_pwage", "d_pwchange",
               "d_pwclass", "d_pwcomment", "d_pwexpire", "d_pwge-
               cos", "d_pwpasswd", "d_pwquota", "d_qgcvt",
               "d_quad", "d_readdir", "d_readlink", "d_rename",
               "d_rewinddir", "d_rmdir", "d_safebcpy", "d_safem-
               cpy", "d_sanemcmp", "d_sbrkproto",
               "d_sched_yield", "d_scm_rights", "d_SCNfldbl",
               "d_seekdir", "d_select", "d_sem", "d_semctl",
               "d_semctl_semid_ds", "d_semctl_semun", "d_semget",
               "d_semop", "d_setegid", "d_seteuid", "d_setgrent",
               "d_setgrps", "d_sethent", "d_setlinebuf", "d_set-
               locale", "d_setnent", "d_setpent", "d_setpgid",
               "d_setpgrp2", "d_setpgrp", "d_setprior", "d_set-
               proctitle", "d_setpwent", "d_setregid", "d_setres-
               gid", "d_setresuid", "d_setreuid", "d_setrgid",
               "d_setruid", "d_setsent", "d_setsid", "d_setvbuf",
               "d_sfio", "d_shm", "d_shmat", "d_shmatprototype",
               "d_shmctl", "d_shmdt", "d_shmget", "d_sigaction",
               "d_sigprocmask", "d_sigsetjmp", "d_socket",
               "d_socklen_t", "d_sockpair", "d_socks5_init",
               "d_sqrtl", "d_statblks", "d_statfs_f_flags",
               "d_statfs_s", "d_statvfs", "d_stdio_cnt_lval",
               "d_stdio_ptr_lval",
               "d_stdio_ptr_lval_nochange_cnt",
               "d_stdio_ptr_lval_sets_cnt",
               "d_stdio_stream_array", "d_stdiobase", "d_stdst-
               dio", "d_strchr", "d_strcoll", "d_strctcpy",
               "d_strerrm", "d_strerror", "d_strtod", "d_strtol",
               "d_strtold", "d_strtoll", "d_strtoq", "d_strtoul",
               "d_strtoull", "d_strtouq", "d_strxfrm", "d_suid-
               safe", "d_symlink", "d_syscall", "d_sysconf",
               "d_sysernlst", "d_syserrlst", "d_system",
               "d_tcgetpgrp", "d_tcsetpgrp", "d_telldir",
               "d_telldirproto", "d_time", "d_times", "d_trun-
               cate", "d_tzname", "d_umask", "d_uname",
               "d_union_semun", "d_ustat", "d_vendorarch",
               "d_vendorbin", "d_vendorlib", "d_vfork",
               "d_void_closedir", "d_voidsig", "d_voidtty",
               "d_volatile", "d_vprintf", "d_wait4", "d_waitpid",
               "d_wcstombs", "d_wctomb", "d_xenix", "date",
               "db_hashtype", "db_prefixtype", "defvoidused",



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               "direntrytype", "dlext", "dlsrc", "doublesize",
               "drand01", "dynamic_ext"

           e   "eagain", "ebcdic", "echo", "egrep", "emacs",
               "eunicefix", "exe_ext", "expr", "extensions"

           f   "fflushall", "fflushNULL", "find", "firstmake-
               file", "flex", "fpossize", "fpostype", "freetype",
               "full_ar", "full_csh", "full_sed"

           g   "gccosandvers", "gccversion", "gidformat", "gid-
               sign", "gidsize", "gidtype", "glibpth", "grep",
               "groupcat", "groupstype", "gzip"

           h   "h_fcntl", "h_sysfile", "hint", "hostcat"

           i   "i16size", "i16type", "i32size", "i32type",
               "i64size", "i64type", "i8size", "i8type",
               "i_arpainet", "i_bsdioctl", "i_db", "i_dbm",
               "i_dirent", "i_dld", "i_dlfcn", "i_fcntl",
               "i_float", "i_gdbm", "i_grp", "i_iconv",
               "i_ieeefp", "i_inttypes", "i_libutil", "i_limits",
               "i_locale", "i_machcthr", "i_malloc", "i_math",
               "i_memory", "i_mntent", "i_ndbm", "i_netdb",
               "i_neterrno", "i_netinettcp", "i_niin", "i_poll",
               "i_prot", "i_pthread", "i_pwd", "i_rpcsvcdbm",
               "i_sfio", "i_sgtty", "i_shadow", "i_socks",
               "i_stdarg", "i_stddef", "i_stdlib", "i_string",
               "i_sunmath", "i_sysaccess", "i_sysdir", "i_sys-
               file", "i_sysfilio", "i_sysin", "i_sysioctl",
               "i_syslog", "i_sysmman", "i_sysmode", "i_sys-
               mount", "i_sysndir", "i_sysparam", "i_sysresrc",
               "i_syssecrt", "i_sysselct", "i_syssockio", "i_sys-
               stat", "i_sysstatfs", "i_sysstatvfs", "i_systime",
               "i_systimek", "i_systimes", "i_systypes",
               "i_sysuio", "i_sysun", "i_sysutsname", "i_sysvfs",
               "i_syswait", "i_termio", "i_termios", "i_time",
               "i_unistd", "i_ustat", "i_utime", "i_values",
               "i_varargs", "i_varhdr", "i_vfork", "ignore_ver-
               sioned_solibs", "inc_version_list", "inc_ver-
               sion_list_init", "incpath", "inews", "installarch-
               lib", "installbin", "installman1dir", "install-
               man3dir", "installprefix", "installprefixexp",
               "installprivlib", "installscript", "install-
               sitearch", "installsitebin", "installsitelib",
               "installstyle", "installusrbinperl", "installven-
               dorarch", "installvendorbin", "installvendorlib",
               "intsize", "issymlink", "ivdformat", "ivsize",
               "ivtype"

           k   "known_extensions", "ksh"

           l   "ld", "lddlflags", "ldflags", "ldflags_uselarge-
               files", "ldlibpthname", "less", "lib_ext", "libc",



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               "libperl", "libpth", "libs", "libsdirs", "libs-
               files", "libsfound", "libspath", "libswanted",
               "libswanted_uselargefiles", "line", "lint",
               "lkflags", "ln", "lns", "locincpth", "loclibpth",
               "longdblsize", "longlongsize", "longsize", "lp",
               "lpr", "ls", "lseeksize", "lseektype"

           m   "mail", "mailx", "make", "make_set_make", "mallo-
               cobj", "mallocsrc", "malloctype", "man1dir",
               "man1direxp", "man1ext", "man3dir", "man3direxp",
               "man3ext"

           M   "Mcc", "mips_type", "mkdir", "mmaptype", "mode-
               type", "more", "multiarch", "mv", "myarchname",
               "mydomain", "myhostname", "myuname"

           n   "n", "need_va_copy", "netdb_hlen_type",
               "netdb_host_type", "netdb_name_type",
               "netdb_net_type", "nm", "nm_opt", "nm_so_opt",
               "nonxs_ext", "nroff", "nveformat", "nvEUformat",
               "nvfformat", "nvFUformat", "nvgformat", "nvGUfor-
               mat", "nvsize", "nvtype"

           o   "o_nonblock", "obj_ext", "old_pthread_create_join-
               able", "optimize", "orderlib", "osname", "osvers",
               "otherlibdirs"

           p   "package", "pager", "passcat", "patchlevel",
               "path_sep", "perl5", "perl"

           P   "PERL_REVISION", "PERL_SUBVERSION", "PERL_VER-
               SION", "perladmin", "perllibs", "perlpath", "pg",
               "phostname", "pidtype", "plibpth", "pm_apiver-
               sion", "pmake", "pr", "prefix", "prefixexp",
               "privlib", "privlibexp", "prototype", "ptrsize"

           q   "quadkind", "quadtype"

           r   "randbits", "randfunc", "randseedtype", "ranlib",
               "rd_nodata", "revision", "rm", "rmail", "runnm"

           s   "sched_yield", "scriptdir", "scriptdirexp", "sed",
               "seedfunc", "selectminbits", "selecttype", "send-
               mail", "sh", "shar", "sharpbang", "shmattype",
               "shortsize", "shrpenv", "shsharp", "sig_count",
               "sig_name", "sig_name_init", "sig_num",
               "sig_num_init", "sig_size", "signal_t",
               "sitearch", "sitearchexp", "sitebin", "sitebin-
               exp", "sitelib", "sitelib_stem", "sitelibexp",
               "siteprefix", "siteprefixexp", "sizesize", "size-
               type", "sleep", "smail", "so", "sockethdr", "sock-
               etlib", "socksizetype", "sort", "spackage", "spit-
               shell", "sPRId64", "sPRIeldbl", "sPRIEUldbl",
               "sPRIfldbl", "sPRIFUldbl", "sPRIgldbl",



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               "sPRIGUldbl", "sPRIi64", "sPRIo64", "sPRIu64",
               "sPRIx64", "sPRIXU64", "src", "sSCNfldbl", "ssize-
               type", "startperl", "startsh", "static_ext", "std-
               char", "stdio_base", "stdio_bufsiz", "stdio_cnt",
               "stdio_filbuf", "stdio_ptr", "stdio_stream_array",
               "strings", "submit", "subversion", "sysman"

           t   "tail", "tar", "tbl", "tee", "test", "timeincl",
               "timetype", "touch", "tr", "trnl", "troff"

           u   "u16size", "u16type", "u32size", "u32type",
               "u64size", "u64type", "u8size", "u8type", "uidfor-
               mat", "uidsign", "uidsize", "uidtype", "uname",
               "uniq", "uquadtype", "use5005threads",
               "use64bitall", "use64bitint", "usedl", "usei-
               threads", "uselargefiles", "uselongdouble", "use-
               morebits", "usemultiplicity", "usemymalloc",
               "usenm", "useopcode", "useperlio", "useposix",
               "usesfio", "useshrplib", "usesocks", "usethreads",
               "usevendorprefix", "usevfork", "usrinc", "uuname",
               "uvoformat", "uvsize", "uvtype", "uvuformat",
               "uvxformat", "uvXUformat"

           v   "vendorarch", "vendorarchexp", "vendorbin", "ven-
               dorbinexp", "vendorlib", "vendorlib_stem", "ven-
               dorlibexp", "vendorprefix", "vendorprefixexp",
               "version", "versiononly", "vi", "voidflags"

           x   "xlibpth", "xs_apiversion"

           z   "zcat", "zip"

       NOTE

       Cwd - get pathname of current working directory

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION

       DB - programmatic interface to the Perl debugging API
       (draft, subject to change)


       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
           Global Variables
                $DB::sub,  %DB::sub,  $DB::single,  $DB::signal,  $DB::trace,  @DB::args,
               @DB::dbline,  %DB::dbline,  $DB::package,  $DB::filename,  $DB::subname,
               $DB::lineno


           API Methods
               CLIENT->register(), CLIENT->evalcode(STRING),
               CLIENT->skippkg('D::hide'), CLIENT->run(),



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               CLIENT->step(), CLIENT->next(), CLIENT->done()

           Client Callback Methods
               CLIENT->init(), CLIENT->prestop([STRING]),
               CLIENT->stop(), CLIENT->idle(), CLIENT->post-
               stop([STRING]), CLIENT->evalcode(STRING),
               CLIENT->cleanup(), CLIENT->output(LIST)

       BUGS
       AUTHOR

       DB_File - Perl5 access to Berkeley DB version 1.x


       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
           DB_HASH, DB_BTREE, DB_RECNO

           Using DB_File with Berkeley DB version 2 or 3
           Interface to Berkeley DB
           Opening a Berkeley DB Database File
           Default Parameters
           In Memory Databases
       DB_HASH
           A Simple Example
       DB_BTREE
           Changing the BTREE sort order
           Handling Duplicate Keys
           The get_dup() Method
           The find_dup() Method
           The del_dup() Method
           Matching Partial Keys
       DB_RECNO
           The 'bval' Option
           A Simple Example
           Extra RECNO Methods
               $X->push(list) ;, $value = $X->pop ;, $X->shift,
               $X->unshift(list) ;, $X->length

           Another Example
       THE API INTERFACE
           $status = $X->get($key, $value [, $flags]) ;, $status
           = $X->put($key, $value [, $flags]) ;, $status =
           $X->del($key [, $flags]) ;, $status = $X->fd ;, $sta-
           tus = $X->seq($key, $value, $flags) ;, $status =
           $X->sync([$flags]) ;

       DBM FILTERS
           filter_store_key, filter_store_value, fil-
           ter_fetch_key, filter_fetch_value

           The Filter





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           An Example -- the NULL termination problem.
           Another Example -- Key is a C int.
       HINTS AND TIPS
           Locking: The Trouble with fd
           Safe ways to lock a database
               Tie::DB_Lock, Tie::DB_LockFile, DB_File::Lock

           Sharing Databases With C Applications
           The untie() Gotcha
       COMMON QUESTIONS
           Why is there Perl source in my database?
           How do I store complex data structures with DB_File?
           What does ""Invalid Argument"" mean?
           What does ""Bareword 'DB_File' not allowed"" mean?
       REFERENCES
       HISTORY
       BUGS
       AVAILABILITY
       COPYRIGHT
       SEE ALSO
       AUTHOR

       Data::Dumper - stringified perl data structures, suitable
       for both printing and "eval"


       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
           Methods
               PACKAGE->new(ARRAYREF [, ARRAYREF]), $OBJ->Dump
               or PACKAGE->Dump(ARRAYREF [, ARRAYREF]),
               $OBJ->Seen([HASHREF]), $OBJ->Values([ARRAYREF]),
               $OBJ->Names([ARRAYREF]), $OBJ->Reset

           Functions
               Dumper(LIST)

           Configuration Variables or Methods
               $Data::Dumper::Indent  or  $OBJ->Indent([NEWVAL]),
               $Data::Dumper::Purity  or  $OBJ->Purity([NEWVAL]),
               $Data::Dumper::Pad  or  $OBJ->Pad([NEWVAL]),
               $Data::Dumper::Varname   or  $OBJ->Varname([NEW-
               VAL]), $Data::Dumper::Useqq  or  $OBJ->Useqq([NEW-
               VAL]), $Data::Dumper::Terse  or  $OBJ->Terse([NEW-
               VAL]), $Data::Dumper::Freezer   or
               $OBJ->Freezer([NEWVAL]),
               $Data::Dumper::Toaster   or  $OBJ->Toaster([NEW-
               VAL]), $Data::Dumper::Deepcopy  or   $OBJ->Deep-
               copy([NEWVAL]), $Data::Dumper::Quotekeys  or
               $OBJ->Quotekeys([NEWVAL]), $Data::Dumper::Bless
               or  $OBJ->Bless([NEWVAL]), $Data::Dumper::Maxdepth
               or   $OBJ->Maxdepth([NEWVAL])





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           Exports
               Dumper

       EXAMPLES
       BUGS
       AUTHOR
       VERSION
       SEE ALSO

       Devel::DProf - a Perl code profiler


       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
       PROFILE FORMAT
       AUTOLOAD
       ENVIRONMENT
       BUGS
       SEE ALSO

       Devel::Peek - A data debugging tool for the XS programmer


       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
           Memory footprint debugging
       EXAMPLES
           A simple scalar string
           A simple scalar number
           A simple scalar with an extra reference
           A reference to a simple scalar
           A reference to an array
           A reference to a hash
           Dumping a large array or hash
           A reference to an SV which holds a C pointer
           A reference to a subroutine
       EXPORTS
       BUGS
       AUTHOR
       SEE ALSO

       Devel::SelfStubber - generate stubs for a SelfLoading mod-
       ule


       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION

       DirHandle - supply object methods for directory handles


       SYNOPSIS





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       DESCRIPTION

       Dumpvalue - provides screen dump of Perl data.


       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
           Creation
               "arrayDepth", "hashDepth", "compactDump",
               "veryCompact", "globPrint", "DumpDBFiles", "Dump-
               Packages", "DumpReused", "tick", "HighBit",
               "printUndef", "UsageOnly", unctrl, subdump, bare-
               Stringify, quoteHighBit, stopDbSignal

           Methods
               dumpValue, dumpValues, dumpvars, set_quote,
               set_unctrl, compactDump, veryCompact, set, get

       DynaLoader - Dynamically load C libraries into Perl code


       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
           @dl_library_path, @dl_resolve_using, @dl_require_sym-
           bols, @dl_librefs, @dl_modules, dl_error(), $dl_debug,
           dl_findfile(), dl_expandspec(), dl_load_file(),
           dl_unload_file(), dl_loadflags(), dl_find_symbol(),
           dl_find_symbol_anywhere(), dl_undef_symbols(),
           dl_install_xsub(), bootstrap()

       AUTHOR

       DynaLoader::XSLoader, XSLoader - Dynamically load C
       libraries into Perl code

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
       AUTHOR

       English - use nice English (or awk) names for ugly punctu-
       ation variables


       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
       BUGS

       Env - perl module that imports environment variables as
       scalars or arrays


       SYNOPSIS





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       DESCRIPTION
       LIMITATIONS
       AUTHOR

       Errno - System errno constants


       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
       CAVEATS
       AUTHOR
       COPYRIGHT

       Exporter - Implements default import method for modules


       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
           How to Export
           Selecting What To Export
           Specialised Import Lists
           Exporting without using Export's import method
           Module Version Checking
           Managing Unknown Symbols
           Tag Handling Utility Functions

       Exporter::Heavy - Exporter guts


       SYNOPIS
       DESCRIPTION

       ExtUtils::Command - utilities to replace common UNIX com-
       mands in Makefiles etc.


       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION

       cat

       eqtime src dst

       rm_f files...

       rm_f files...

       touch files ..

       mv source... destination

       cp source... destination

       chmod mode files..



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       mkpath directory..

       test_f file

       BUGS
       SEE ALSO
       AUTHOR

       ExtUtils::Embed - Utilities for embedding Perl in C/C++
       applications


       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
       @EXPORT
       FUNCTIONS
           xsinit(), Examples, ldopts(), Examples, perl_inc(),
           ccflags(), ccdlflags(), ccopts(), xsi_header(),
           xsi_protos(@modules), xsi_body(@modules)

       EXAMPLES
       SEE ALSO
       AUTHOR

       ExtUtils::Install - install files from here to there


       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION

       ExtUtils::Installed - Inventory management of installed
       modules


       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
       USAGE
       FUNCTIONS
           new(), modules(), files(), directories(), direc-
           tory_tree(), validate(), packlist(), version()

       EXAMPLE
       AUTHOR

       ExtUtils::Liblist - determine libraries to use and how to
       use them


       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
           For static extensions, For dynamic extensions, For
           dynamic extensions





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           EXTRALIBS
           LDLOADLIBS and LD_RUN_PATH
           BSLOADLIBS
       PORTABILITY
           VMS implementation
           Win32 implementation
       SEE ALSO

       ExtUtils::MM_Cygwin - methods to override UN*X behaviour
       in ExtUtils::MakeMaker


       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
           canonpath, cflags, manifypods, perl_archive

       perl_archive_after

       ExtUtils::MM_OS2 - methods to override UN*X behaviour in
       ExtUtils::MakeMaker


       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION

       ExtUtils::MM_Unix - methods used by ExtUtils::MakeMaker


       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
       METHODS
           Preloaded methods
               canonpath

       catdir

       catfile

       curdir

       rootdir

       updir

       SelfLoaded methods
           c_o (o)

       cflags (o)

       clean (o)

       const_cccmd (o)

       const_config (o)



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       const_loadlibs (o)

       constants (o)

       depend (o)

       dir_target (o)

       dist (o)

       dist_basics (o)

       dist_ci (o)

       dist_core (o)

       dist_dir (o)

       dist_test (o)

       dlsyms (o)

       dynamic (o)

       dynamic_bs (o)

       dynamic_lib (o)

       exescan

       extliblist

       file_name_is_absolute

       find_perl

       Methods to actually produce chunks of text for the Make-
       file
           fixin

       force (o)

       guess_name

       has_link_code

       htmlifypods (o)

       init_dirscan

       init_main

       init_others




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       install (o)

       installbin (o)

       libscan (o)

       linkext (o)

       lsdir

       macro (o)

       makeaperl (o)

       makefile (o)

       manifypods (o)

       maybe_command

       maybe_command_in_dirs

       needs_linking (o)

       nicetext

       parse_version

       parse_abstract

       pasthru (o)

       path

       perl_script

       perldepend (o)

       ppd

       perm_rw (o)

       perm_rwx (o)

       pm_to_blib

       post_constants (o)

       post_initialize (o)

       postamble (o)

       prefixify




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       processPL (o)

       realclean (o)

       replace_manpage_separator

       static (o)

       static_lib (o)

       staticmake (o)

       subdir_x (o)

       subdirs (o)

       test (o)

       test_via_harness (o)

       test_via_script (o)

       tool_autosplit (o)

       tools_other (o)

       tool_xsubpp (o)

       top_targets (o)

       writedoc

       xs_c (o)

       xs_cpp (o)

       xs_o (o)

       perl_archive

       perl_archive_after

       export_list

       SEE ALSO

       ExtUtils::MM_VMS - methods to override UN*X behaviour in
       ExtUtils::MakeMaker

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
           Methods always loaded
               wraplist




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       rootdir (override)

       SelfLoaded methods
           guess_name (override)

       find_perl (override)

       path (override)

       maybe_command (override)

       maybe_command_in_dirs (override)

       perl_script (override)

       file_name_is_absolute (override)

       replace_manpage_separator

       init_others (override)

       constants (override)

       cflags (override)

       const_cccmd (override)

       pm_to_blib (override)

       tool_autosplit (override)

       tool_sxubpp (override)

       xsubpp_version (override)

       tools_other (override)

       dist (override)

       c_o (override)

       xs_c (override)

       xs_o (override)

       top_targets (override)

       dlsyms (override)

       dynamic_lib (override)

       dynamic_bs (override)

       static_lib (override)



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       manifypods (override)

       processPL (override)

       installbin (override)

       subdir_x (override)

       clean (override)

       realclean (override)

       dist_basics (override)

       dist_core (override)

       dist_dir (override)

       dist_test (override)

       install (override)

       perldepend (override)

       makefile (override)

       test (override)

       test_via_harness (override)

       test_via_script (override)

       makeaperl (override)

       nicetext (override)

       ExtUtils::MM_Win32 - methods to override UN*X behaviour in
       ExtUtils::MakeMaker


       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION

       catfile

       constants (o)

       static_lib (o)

       dynamic_bs (o)

       dynamic_lib (o)

       canonpath



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       perl_script

       pm_to_blib

       test_via_harness (o)

       tool_autosplit (override)

       tools_other (o)

       xs_o (o)

       top_targets (o)

       htmlifypods (o)

       manifypods (o)

       dist_ci (o)

       dist_core (o)

       pasthru (o)

       ExtUtils::MakeMaker - create an extension Makefile


       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
           How To Write A Makefile.PL
           Default Makefile Behaviour
           make test
           make testdb
           make install
           PREFIX and LIB attribute
           AFS users
           Static Linking of a new Perl Binary
           Determination of Perl Library and Installation Loca-
           tions
           Which architecture dependent directory?
           Using Attributes and Parameters
               ABSTRACT, ABSTRACT_FROM, AUTHOR, BINARY_LOCATION,
               C, CAPI, CCFLAGS, CONFIG, CONFIGURE, DEFINE, DIR,
               DISTNAME, DL_FUNCS, DL_VARS, EXCLUDE_EXT,
               EXE_FILES, FIRST_MAKEFILE, FULLPERL, FUNCLIST, H,
               HTMLLIBPODS, HTMLSCRIPTPODS, IMPORTS, INC,
               INCLUDE_EXT, INSTALLARCHLIB, INSTALLBIN,
               INSTALLDIRS, INSTALLHTMLPRIVLIBDIR, INSTALL-
               HTMLSCRIPTDIR, INSTALLHTMLSITELIBDIR, INSTALL-
               MAN1DIR, INSTALLMAN3DIR, INSTALLPRIVLIB,
               INSTALLSCRIPT, INSTALLSITEARCH, INSTALLSITELIB,
               INST_ARCHLIB, INST_BIN, INST_EXE, INST_HTMLLIBDIR,
               INST_HTMLSCRIPTDIR, INST_LIB, INST_MAN1DIR,
               INST_MAN3DIR, INST_SCRIPT, LDFROM, LIB, LIBPERL_A,



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               LIBS, LINKTYPE, MAKEAPERL, MAKEFILE, MAN1PODS,
               MAN3PODS, MAP_TARGET, MYEXTLIB, NAME, NEEDS_LINK-
               ING, NOECHO, NORECURS, NO_VC, OBJECT, OPTIMIZE,
               PERL, PERLMAINCC, PERL_ARCHLIB, PERL_LIB,
               PERL_MALLOC_OK, PERL_SRC, PERM_RW, PERM_RWX,
               PL_FILES, PM, PMLIBDIRS, PM_FILTER, POLLUTE,
               PPM_INSTALL_EXEC, PPM_INSTALL_SCRIPT, PREFIX, PRE-
               REQ_PM, SKIP, TYPEMAPS, VERSION, VERSION_FROM, XS,
               XSOPT, XSPROTOARG, XS_VERSION

           Additional lowercase attributes
               clean, depend, dist, dynamic_lib, linkext, macro,
               realclean, test, tool_autosplit

           Overriding MakeMaker Methods
           Hintsfile support
           Distribution Support
                  make distcheck,    make skipcheck,    make distclean,    make manifest,
                 make distdir,    make tardist,    make dist,    make uutardist,    make
               shdist,    make zipdist,    make ci


           Disabling an extension
       ENVIRONMENT
           PERL_MM_OPT

       SEE ALSO
       AUTHORS

       ExtUtils::Manifest - utilities to write and check a MANI-
       FEST file


       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
       MANIFEST.SKIP
       EXPORT_OK
       GLOBAL VARIABLES
       DIAGNOSTICS
           "Not in MANIFEST:" file, "No such file:" file, "MANI-
           FEST:" $!, "Added to MANIFEST:" file

       SEE ALSO
       AUTHOR

       ExtUtils::Miniperl, writemain - write the C code for perl-
       main.c


       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
       SEE ALSO





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       ExtUtils::Mkbootstrap - make a bootstrap file for use by
       DynaLoader


       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION

       ExtUtils::Mksymlists - write linker options files for
       dynamic extension


       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
           DLBASE, DL_FUNCS, DL_VARS, FILE, FUNCLIST, IMPORTS,
           NAME

       AUTHOR
       REVISION

       ExtUtils::Packlist - manage .packlist files


       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
       USAGE
       FUNCTIONS
           new(), read(), write(), validate(), packlist_file()

       EXAMPLE
       AUTHOR

       ExtUtils::testlib - add blib/* directories to @INC


       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION

       Fatal - replace functions with equivalents which succeed
       or die


       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
       AUTHOR

       Fcntl - load the C Fcntl.h defines


       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
       NOTE
       EXPORTED SYMBOLS





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       File::Basename, fileparse - split a pathname into pieces


       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
           fileparse_set_fstype, fileparse

       EXAMPLES
           "basename", "dirname"

       File::CheckTree, validate - run many filetest checks on a
       tree


       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION

       File::Compare - Compare files or filehandles


       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
       RETURN
       AUTHOR

       File::Copy - Copy files or filehandles


       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
           Special behaviour if ""syscopy"" is defined (OS/2, VMS
           and Win32)
               rmscopy($from,$to[,$date_flag])

       RETURN
       AUTHOR

       File::DosGlob - DOS like globbing and then some


       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
       EXPORTS (by request only)
       BUGS
       AUTHOR
       HISTORY
       SEE ALSO

       File::Find, find - traverse a file tree


       SYNOPSIS





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       DESCRIPTION
           "wanted", "bydepth", "preprocess", "postprocess",
           "follow", "follow_fast", "follow_skip", "no_chdir",
           "untaint", "untaint_pattern", "untaint_skip"

       CAVEAT

       File::Glob - Perl extension for BSD glob routine

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
           "GLOB_ERR", "GLOB_MARK", "GLOB_NOCASE",
           "GLOB_NOCHECK", "GLOB_NOSORT", "GLOB_BRACE",
           "GLOB_NOMAGIC", "GLOB_QUOTE", "GLOB_TILDE",
           "GLOB_CSH", "GLOB_ALPHASORT"

       DIAGNOSTICS
           "GLOB_NOSPACE", "GLOB_ABEND"

       NOTES
       AUTHOR

       File::Path - create or remove directory trees


       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
       AUTHORS

       File::Spec - portably perform operations on file names


       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
       SEE ALSO
       AUTHORS

       File::Spec::Epoc - methods for Epoc file specs


       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
           devnull

       tmpdir

       path

       canonpath

       splitpath

       splitdir




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       catpath

       abs2rel

       rel2abs

       SEE ALSO

       File::Spec::Functions - portably perform operations on
       file names

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
           Exports
       SEE ALSO

       File::Spec::Mac - File::Spec for MacOS


       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
       METHODS
           canonpath

       catdir

       catfile

       curdir

       devnull

       rootdir

       tmpdir

       updir

       file_name_is_absolute

       path

       splitpath

       splitdir

       catpath

       abs2rel

       rel2abs

       SEE ALSO




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       File::Spec::OS2 - methods for OS/2 file specs

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION

       File::Spec::Unix - methods used by File::Spec


       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
       METHODS
           canonpath

       catdir

       catfile

       curdir

       devnull

       rootdir

       tmpdir

       updir

       no_upwards

       case_tolerant

       file_name_is_absolute

       path

       join

       splitpath

       splitdir

       catpath

       abs2rel

       rel2abs

       SEE ALSO

       File::Spec::VMS - methods for VMS file specs

       SYNOPSIS





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       DESCRIPTION
           eliminate_macros

       fixpath

       Methods always loaded
           canonpath (override)

       catdir

       catfile

       curdir (override)

       devnull (override)

       rootdir (override)

       tmpdir (override)

       updir (override)

       case_tolerant (override)

       path (override)

       file_name_is_absolute (override)

       splitpath (override)

       splitdir (override)

       catpath (override)

       abs2rel (override)

       rel2abs (override)

       SEE ALSO

       File::Spec::Win32 - methods for Win32 file specs

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
           devnull

       tmpdir

       catfile

       canonpath

       splitpath




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       splitdir

       catpath

       SEE ALSO

       File::Temp - return name and handle of a temporary file
       safely

       PORTABILITY
       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
       FUNCTIONS
           tempfile

       tempdir

       MKTEMP FUNCTIONS
           mkstemp

       mkstemps

       mkdtemp

       mktemp

       POSIX FUNCTIONS
           tmpnam

       tmpfile

       ADDITIONAL FUNCTIONS
           tempnam

       UTILITY FUNCTIONS
           unlink0

       PACKAGE VARIABLES
           safe_level, STANDARD, MEDIUM, HIGH

       TopSystemUID

       WARNING
           Temporary files and NFS
       HISTORY
       SEE ALSO
       AUTHOR

       File::stat - by-name interface to Perl's built-in stat()
       functions


       SYNOPSIS




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       DESCRIPTION
       NOTE
       AUTHOR

       FileCache - keep more files open than the system permits


       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
       BUGS

       FileHandle - supply object methods for filehandles


       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
           $fh->print, $fh->printf, $fh->getline, $fh->getlines

       SEE ALSO

       FindBin - Locate directory of original perl script

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
       EXPORTABLE VARIABLES
       KNOWN BUGS
       AUTHORS
       COPYRIGHT

       GDBM_File - Perl5 access to the gdbm library.


       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
       AVAILABILITY
       BUGS
       SEE ALSO

       Getopt::Long - Extended processing of command line options


       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
       Command Line Options, an Introduction
       Getting Started with Getopt::Long
           Simple options
           A little bit less simple options
           Mixing command line option with other arguments
           Options with values
           Options with multiple values
           Options with hash values
           User-defined subroutines to handle options





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           Options with multiple names
           Case and abbreviations
           Summary of Option Specifications
               !, +, s, i, f, : type [ desttype ]

       Advanced Possibilities
           Object oriented interface
           Documentation and help texts
           Storing options in a hash
           Bundling
           The lonesome dash
           Argument call-back
       Configuring Getopt::Long
           default, posix_default, auto_abbrev, getopt_compat,
           gnu_compat, gnu_getopt, require_order, permute,
           bundling (default: disabled), bundling_override
           (default: disabled), ignore_case  (default: enabled),
           ignore_case_always (default: disabled), pass_through
           (default: disabled), prefix, prefix_pattern, debug
           (default: disabled)

       Return values and Errors
       Legacy
           Default destinations
           Alternative option starters
           Configuration variables
       Trouble Shooting
           Warning: Ignoring '!' modifier for short option
           GetOptions does not return a false result when an
           option is not supplied
       AUTHOR
       COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMER

       Getopt::Std, getopt - Process single-character switches
       with switch clustering


       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION

       I18N::Collate - compare 8-bit scalar data according to the
       current locale


       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION

       IO - load various IO modules


       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION





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       IO::Dir - supply object methods for directory handles


       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
           new ( [ DIRNAME ] ), open ( DIRNAME ), read (), seek (
           POS ), tell (), rewind (), close (), tie %hash,
           IO::Dir, DIRNAME [, OPTIONS ]

       SEE ALSO
       AUTHOR
       COPYRIGHT

       IO::File - supply object methods for filehandles


       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
       CONSTRUCTOR
           new ( FILENAME [,MODE [,PERMS]] ), new_tmpfile

       METHODS
           open( FILENAME [,MODE [,PERMS]] )

       SEE ALSO
       HISTORY

       IO::Handle - supply object methods for I/O handles


       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
       CONSTRUCTOR
           new (), new_from_fd ( FD, MODE )

       METHODS
           $io->fdopen ( FD, MODE ), $io->opened, $io->getline,
           $io->getlines, $io->ungetc ( ORD ), $io->write ( BUF,
           LEN [, OFFSET ] ), $io->error, $io->clearerr,
           $io->sync, $io->flush, $io->printflush ( ARGS ),
           $io->blocking ( [ BOOL ] ), $io->untaint

       NOTE
       SEE ALSO
       BUGS
       HISTORY

       IO::Pipe - supply object methods for pipes


       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION





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       CONSTRUCTOR
           new ( [READER, WRITER] )

       METHODS
           reader ([ARGS]), writer ([ARGS]), handles ()

       SEE ALSO
       AUTHOR
       COPYRIGHT

       IO::Poll - Object interface to system poll call


       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
       METHODS
           mask ( IO [, EVENT_MASK ] ), poll ( [ TIMEOUT ] ),
           events ( IO ), remove ( IO ), handles( [ EVENT_MASK ]
           )

       SEE ALSO
       AUTHOR
       COPYRIGHT

       IO::Seekable - supply seek based methods for I/O objects


       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
           $io->getpos, $io->setpos, $io->setpos ( POS, WHENCE ),
           WHENCE=0 (SEEK_SET), WHENCE=1 (SEEK_CUR), WHENCE=1
           (SEEK_END), $io->sysseek( POS, WHENCE ), $io->tell

       HISTORY

       IO::Select - OO interface to the select system call

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
       CONSTRUCTOR
           new ( [ HANDLES ] )

       METHODS
           add ( HANDLES ), remove ( HANDLES ), exists ( HANDLE
           ), handles, can_read ( [ TIMEOUT ] ), can_write ( [
           TIMEOUT ] ), has_exception ( [ TIMEOUT ] ), count (),
           bits(), select ( READ, WRITE, ERROR [, TIMEOUT ] )

       EXAMPLE
       AUTHOR
       COPYRIGHT






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       IO::Socket - Object interface to socket communications


       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
       CONSTRUCTOR
           new ( [ARGS] )

       METHODS
           accept([PKG]), socketpair(DOMAIN, TYPE, PROTOCOL),
           timeout([VAL]), sockopt(OPT [, VAL]), sockdomain,
           socktype, protocol, connected

       SEE ALSO
       AUTHOR
       COPYRIGHT

       IO::Socket::INET - Object interface for AF_INET domain
       sockets


       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
       CONSTRUCTOR
           new ( [ARGS] )

           METHODS
               sockaddr (), sockport (), sockhost (), peeraddr
               (), peerport (), peerhost ()

       SEE ALSO
       AUTHOR
       COPYRIGHT

       IO::Socket::UNIX - Object interface for AF_UNIX domain
       sockets


       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
       CONSTRUCTOR
           new ( [ARGS] )

       METHODS
           hostpath(), peerpath()

       SEE ALSO
       AUTHOR
       COPYRIGHT

       IO::lib::IO::Dir, IO::Dir - supply object methods for
       directory handles





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       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
           new ( [ DIRNAME ] ), open ( DIRNAME ), read (), seek (
           POS ), tell (), rewind (), close (), tie %hash,
           IO::Dir, DIRNAME [, OPTIONS ]

       SEE ALSO
       AUTHOR
       COPYRIGHT

       IO::lib::IO::File, IO::File - supply object methods for
       filehandles


       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
       CONSTRUCTOR
           new ( FILENAME [,MODE [,PERMS]] ), new_tmpfile

       METHODS
           open( FILENAME [,MODE [,PERMS]] )

       SEE ALSO
       HISTORY

       IO::lib::IO::Handle, IO::Handle - supply object methods
       for I/O handles


       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
       CONSTRUCTOR
           new (), new_from_fd ( FD, MODE )

       METHODS
           $io->fdopen ( FD, MODE ), $io->opened, $io->getline,
           $io->getlines, $io->ungetc ( ORD ), $io->write ( BUF,
           LEN [, OFFSET ] ), $io->error, $io->clearerr,
           $io->sync, $io->flush, $io->printflush ( ARGS ),
           $io->blocking ( [ BOOL ] ), $io->untaint

       NOTE
       SEE ALSO
       BUGS
       HISTORY

       IO::lib::IO::Pipe, IO::Pipe - supply object methods for
       pipes


       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION





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       CONSTRUCTOR
           new ( [READER, WRITER] )

       METHODS
           reader ([ARGS]), writer ([ARGS]), handles ()

       SEE ALSO
       AUTHOR
       COPYRIGHT

       IO::lib::IO::Poll, IO::Poll - Object interface to system
       poll call


       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
       METHODS
           mask ( IO [, EVENT_MASK ] ), poll ( [ TIMEOUT ] ),
           events ( IO ), remove ( IO ), handles( [ EVENT_MASK ]
           )

       SEE ALSO
       AUTHOR
       COPYRIGHT

       IO::lib::IO::Seekable, IO::Seekable - supply seek based
       methods for I/O objects


       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
           $io->getpos, $io->setpos, $io->setpos ( POS, WHENCE ),
           WHENCE=0 (SEEK_SET), WHENCE=1 (SEEK_CUR), WHENCE=1
           (SEEK_END), $io->sysseek( POS, WHENCE ), $io->tell

       HISTORY

       IO::lib::IO::Select, IO::Select - OO interface to the
       select system call

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
       CONSTRUCTOR
           new ( [ HANDLES ] )

       METHODS
           add ( HANDLES ), remove ( HANDLES ), exists ( HANDLE
           ), handles, can_read ( [ TIMEOUT ] ), can_write ( [
           TIMEOUT ] ), has_exception ( [ TIMEOUT ] ), count (),
           bits(), select ( READ, WRITE, ERROR [, TIMEOUT ] )

       EXAMPLE





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       AUTHOR
       COPYRIGHT

       IO::lib::IO::Socket, IO::Socket - Object interface to
       socket communications


       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
       CONSTRUCTOR
           new ( [ARGS] )

       METHODS
           accept([PKG]), socketpair(DOMAIN, TYPE, PROTOCOL),
           timeout([VAL]), sockopt(OPT [, VAL]), sockdomain,
           socktype, protocol, connected

       SEE ALSO
       AUTHOR
       COPYRIGHT

       IO::lib::IO::Socket::INET, IO::Socket::INET - Object
       interface for AF_INET domain sockets


       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
       CONSTRUCTOR
           new ( [ARGS] )

           METHODS
               sockaddr (), sockport (), sockhost (), peeraddr
               (), peerport (), peerhost ()

       SEE ALSO
       AUTHOR
       COPYRIGHT

       IO::lib::IO::Socket::UNIX, IO::Socket::UNIX - Object
       interface for AF_UNIX domain sockets


       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
       CONSTRUCTOR
           new ( [ARGS] )

       METHODS
           hostpath(), peerpath()

       SEE ALSO
       AUTHOR





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       COPYRIGHT

       IPC::Msg - SysV Msg IPC object class


       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
       METHODS
           new ( KEY , FLAGS ), id, rcv ( BUF, LEN [, TYPE [,
           FLAGS ]] ), remove, set ( STAT ), set ( NAME => VALUE
           [, NAME => VALUE ...] ), snd ( TYPE, MSG [, FLAGS ] ),
           stat

       SEE ALSO
       AUTHOR
       COPYRIGHT

       IPC::Open2, open2 - open a process for both reading and
       writing


       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
       WARNING
       SEE ALSO

       IPC::Open3, open3 - open a process for reading, writing,
       and error handling


       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
       WARNING

       IPC::Semaphore - SysV Semaphore IPC object class


       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
       METHODS
           new ( KEY , NSEMS , FLAGS ), getall, getncnt ( SEM ),
           getpid ( SEM ), getval ( SEM ), getzcnt ( SEM ), id,
           op ( OPLIST ), remove, set ( STAT ), set ( NAME =>
           VALUE [, NAME => VALUE ...] ), setall ( VALUES ), set-
           val ( N , VALUE ), stat

       SEE ALSO
       AUTHOR
       COPYRIGHT

       IPC::SysV - SysV IPC constants






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       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
           ftok( PATH, ID )

       SEE ALSO
       AUTHORS
       COPYRIGHT

       IPC::SysV::Msg, IPC::Msg - SysV Msg IPC object class


       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
       METHODS
           new ( KEY , FLAGS ), id, rcv ( BUF, LEN [, TYPE [,
           FLAGS ]] ), remove, set ( STAT ), set ( NAME => VALUE
           [, NAME => VALUE ...] ), snd ( TYPE, MSG [, FLAGS ] ),
           stat

       SEE ALSO
       AUTHOR
       COPYRIGHT

       IPC::SysV::Semaphore, IPC::Semaphore - SysV Semaphore IPC
       object class


       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
       METHODS
           new ( KEY , NSEMS , FLAGS ), getall, getncnt ( SEM ),
           getpid ( SEM ), getval ( SEM ), getzcnt ( SEM ), id,
           op ( OPLIST ), remove, set ( STAT ), set ( NAME =>
           VALUE [, NAME => VALUE ...] ), setall ( VALUES ), set-
           val ( N , VALUE ), stat

       SEE ALSO
       AUTHOR
       COPYRIGHT

       Math::BigFloat - Arbitrary length float math package


       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
           number format, Error returns 'NaN', Division is com-
           puted to, Rounding is performed

       BUGS
       AUTHOR







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       Math::BigInt - Arbitrary size integer math package


       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
           Canonical notation, Input, Output

       EXAMPLES
       Autocreating constants
       BUGS
       AUTHOR

       Math::Complex - complex numbers and associated mathemati-
       cal functions


       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
       OPERATIONS
       CREATION
       STRINGIFICATION
           CHANGED IN PERL 5.6
       USAGE
       ERRORS DUE TO DIVISION BY ZERO OR LOGARITHM OF ZERO
       ERRORS DUE TO INDIGESTIBLE ARGUMENTS
       BUGS
       AUTHORS

       Math::Trig - trigonometric functions


       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
       TRIGONOMETRIC FUNCTIONS
           tan

           ERRORS DUE TO DIVISION BY ZERO
           SIMPLE (REAL) ARGUMENTS, COMPLEX RESULTS
       PLANE ANGLE CONVERSIONS
       RADIAL COORDINATE CONVERSIONS
           COORDINATE SYSTEMS
           3-D ANGLE CONVERSIONS
               cartesian_to_cylindrical, cartesian_to_spherical,
               cylindrical_to_cartesian, cylindrical_to_spheri-
               cal, spherical_to_cartesian, spherical_to_cylin-
               drical

       GREAT CIRCLE DISTANCES
       EXAMPLES
       BUGS
       AUTHORS






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       NDBM_File - Tied access to ndbm files


       SYNOPSIS
           "O_RDONLY", "O_WRONLY", "O_RDWR"

       DIAGNOSTICS
           ""ndbm store returned -1, errno 22, key ""..."" at
           ...""
       BUGS AND WARNINGS

       Net::Ping - check a remote host for reachability


       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
           Functions
               Net::Ping->new([$proto [, $def_timeout [,
               $bytes]]]);, $p->ping($host [, $timeout]);,
               $p->close();, pingecho($host [, $timeout]);

       WARNING
       NOTES

       Net::hostent - by-name interface to Perl's built-in geth-
       ost*() functions


       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
       EXAMPLES
       NOTE
       AUTHOR

       Net::netent - by-name interface to Perl's built-in get-
       net*() functions


       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
       EXAMPLES
       NOTE
       AUTHOR

       Net::protoent - by-name interface to Perl's built-in get-
       proto*() functions


       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
       NOTE
       AUTHOR





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       Net::servent - by-name interface to Perl's built-in get-
       serv*() functions


       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
       EXAMPLES
       NOTE
       AUTHOR

       O - Generic interface to Perl Compiler backends


       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
       CONVENTIONS
       IMPLEMENTATION
       AUTHOR

       ODBM_File - Tied access to odbm files


       SYNOPSIS
           "O_RDONLY", "O_WRONLY", "O_RDWR"

       DIAGNOSTICS
           ""odbm store returned -1, errno 22, key ""..."" at
           ...""
       BUGS AND WARNINGS

       Opcode - Disable named opcodes when compiling perl code


       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
       NOTE
       WARNING
       Operator Names and Operator Lists
           an operator name (opname), an operator tag name
           (optag), a negated opname or optag, an operator set
           (opset)

       Opcode Functions
           opcodes, opset (OP, ...), opset_to_ops (OPSET),
           opset_to_hex (OPSET), full_opset, empty_opset,
           invert_opset (OPSET), verify_opset (OPSET, ...),
           define_optag (OPTAG, OPSET), opmask_add (OPSET),
           opmask, opdesc (OP, ...), opdump (PAT)

       Manipulating Opsets
       TO DO (maybe)
       Predefined Opcode Tags
           :base_core, :base_mem, :base_loop, :base_io,
           :base_orig, :base_math, :base_thread, :default,



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           :filesys_read, :sys_db, :browse, :filesys_open,
           :filesys_write, :subprocess, :ownprocess, :others,
           :still_to_be_decided, :dangerous

       SEE ALSO
       AUTHORS

       Opcode::Safe, Safe - Compile and execute code in
       restricted compartments


       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
           a new namespace, an operator mask

       WARNING
           RECENT CHANGES
           Methods in class Safe
               permit (OP, ...), permit_only (OP, ...), deny (OP,
               ...), deny_only (OP, ...), trap (OP, ...), untrap
               (OP, ...), share (NAME, ...), share_from (PACKAGE,
               ARRAYREF), varglob (VARNAME), reval (STRING), rdo
               (FILENAME), root (NAMESPACE), mask (MASK)

           Some Safety Issues
               Memory, CPU, Snooping, Signals, State Changes

           AUTHOR

       Opcode::ops, ops - Perl pragma to restrict unsafe opera-
       tions when compiling

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
       SEE ALSO

       POSIX - Perl interface to IEEE Std 1003.1


       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
       NOTE
       CAVEATS
       FUNCTIONS
           _exit, abort, abs, access, acos, alarm, asctime, asin,
           assert, atan, atan2, atexit, atof, atoi, atol,
           bsearch, calloc, ceil, chdir, chmod, chown, clearerr,
           clock, close, closedir, cos, cosh, creat, ctermid,
           ctime, cuserid, difftime, div, dup, dup2, errno,
           execl, execle, execlp, execv, execve, execvp, exit,
           exp, fabs, fclose, fcntl, fdopen, feof, ferror,
           fflush, fgetc, fgetpos, fgets, fileno, floor, fmod,
           fopen, fork, fpathconf, fprintf, fputc, fputs, fread,
           free, freopen, frexp, fscanf, fseek, fsetpos, fstat,



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           ftell, fwrite, getc, getchar, getcwd, getegid, getenv,
           geteuid, getgid, getgrgid, getgrnam, getgroups, getlo-
           gin, getpgrp, getpid, getppid, getpwnam, getpwuid,
           gets, getuid, gmtime, isalnum, isalpha, isatty, iscn-
           trl, isdigit, isgraph, islower, isprint, ispunct, iss-
           pace, isupper, isxdigit, kill, labs, ldexp, ldiv,
           link, localeconv, localtime, log, log10, longjmp,
           lseek, malloc, mblen, mbstowcs, mbtowc, memchr, mem-
           cmp, memcpy, memmove, memset, mkdir, mkfifo, mktime,
           modf, nice, offsetof, open, opendir, pathconf, pause,
           perror, pipe, pow, printf, putc, putchar, puts, qsort,
           raise, rand, read, readdir, realloc, remove, rename,
           rewind, rewinddir, rmdir, scanf, setgid, setjmp, set-
           locale, setpgid, setsid, setuid, sigaction, sig-
           longjmp, sigpending, sigprocmask, sigsetjmp, sigsus-
           pend, sin, sinh, sleep, sprintf, sqrt, srand, sscanf,
           stat, strcat, strchr, strcmp, strcoll, strcpy, strc-
           spn, strerror, strftime, strlen, strncat, strncmp,
           strncpy, strpbrk, strrchr, strspn, strstr, strtod,
           strtok, strtol, strtoul, strxfrm, sysconf, system,
           tan, tanh, tcdrain, tcflow, tcflush, tcgetpgrp,
           tcsendbreak, tcsetpgrp, time, times, tmpfile, tmpnam,
           tolower, toupper, ttyname, tzname, tzset, umask,
           uname, ungetc, unlink, utime, vfprintf, vprintf,
           vsprintf, wait, waitpid, wcstombs, wctomb, write

       CLASSES
           POSIX::SigAction
               new

           POSIX::SigSet
               new, addset, delset, emptyset, fillset, ismember

           POSIX::Termios
               new, getattr, getcc, getcflag, getiflag,
               getispeed, getlflag, getoflag, getospeed, setattr,
               setcc, setcflag, setiflag, setispeed, setlflag,
               setoflag, setospeed, Baud rate values, Terminal
               interface values, c_cc field values, c_cflag field
               values, c_iflag field values, c_lflag field val-
               ues, c_oflag field values

       PATHNAME CONSTANTS
           Constants

       POSIX CONSTANTS
           Constants

       SYSTEM CONFIGURATION
           Constants

       ERRNO
           Constants




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       FCNTL
           Constants

       FLOAT
           Constants

       LIMITS
           Constants

       LOCALE
           Constants

       MATH
           Constants

       SIGNAL
           Constants

       STAT
           Constants, Macros

       STDLIB
           Constants

       STDIO
           Constants

       TIME
           Constants

       UNISTD
           Constants

       WAIT
           Constants, Macros

       Pod::Checker, podchecker() - check pod documents for syn-
       tax errors


       SYNOPSIS
       OPTIONS/ARGUMENTS
           podchecker()
               -warnings => val

       DESCRIPTION
       DIAGNOSTICS
           Errors
               empty =headn, =over on line N without closing
               =back, =item without previous =over, =back without
               previous =over, No argument for =begin, =end with-
               out =begin, Nested =begin's, =for without format-
               ter specification, unresolved internal link NAME,
               Unknown command "CMD", Unknown interior-sequence



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               "SEQ", nested commands CMD<...CMD<...>...>, gar-
               bled entity STRING, Entity number out of range,
               malformed link L<>, nonempty Z<>, empty X<>, Spu-
               rious text after =pod / =cut, Spurious
               character(s) after =back

           Warnings
               multiple occurence of link target name, line con-
               taining nothing but whitespace in paragraph, file
               does not start with =head, previous =item has no
               contents, preceding non-item paragraph(s), =item
               type mismatch (one vs. two), N unescaped "<>" in
               paragraph, Unknown entity, No items in =over, No
               argument for =item, empty section in previous
               paragraph, Verbatim paragraph in NAME section

           Hyperlinks
               ignoring leading/trailing whitespace in link,
               (section) in '$page' deprecated, alternative
               text/node '%s' contains non-escaped | or /

       RETURN VALUE
       EXAMPLES
       INTERFACE

       "Pod::Checker->new( %options )"

       "$checker->poderror( @args )", "$checker->poderror(
       {%opts}, @args )"

       "$checker->num_errors()"

       "$checker->name()"

       "$checker->node()"

       "$checker->idx()"

       "$checker->hyperlink()"

       AUTHOR

       Pod::Find - find POD documents in directory trees

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
       ""pod_find( { %opts } , @directories )""
           "-verbose => 1", "-perl => 1", "-script => 1", "-inc
           => 1"

       ""simplify_name( $str )""
       ""pod_where( { %opts }, $pod )""
           "-inc => 1", "-dirs => [ $dir1, $dir2, ... ]", "-ver-
           bose => 1"



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       ""contains_pod( $file , $verbose )""
       AUTHOR
       SEE ALSO

       Pod::Html - module to convert pod files to HTML


       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
       ARGUMENTS
           backlink, css, flush, header, help, htmldir, htmlroot,
           index, infile, libpods, netscape, outfile, podpath,
           podroot, quiet, recurse, title, verbose

       EXAMPLE
       ENVIRONMENT
       AUTHOR
       SEE ALSO
       COPYRIGHT

       Pod::InputObjects - objects representing POD input para-
       graphs, commands, etc.


       SYNOPSIS
       REQUIRES
       EXPORTS
       DESCRIPTION
           package Pod::InputSource, package Pod::Paragraph,
           package Pod::InteriorSequence, package Pod::ParseTree

       Pod::InputSource
       new()
       name()
       handle()
       was_cutting()
       Pod::Paragraph
       Pod::Paragraph->new()
       $pod_para->cmd_name()
       $pod_para->text()
       $pod_para->raw_text()
       $pod_para->cmd_prefix()
       $pod_para->cmd_separator()
       $pod_para->parse_tree()
       $pod_para->file_line()
       Pod::InteriorSequence
       Pod::InteriorSequence->new()
       $pod_seq->cmd_name()
       $pod_seq->prepend()
       $pod_seq->append()
       $pod_seq->nested()
       $pod_seq->raw_text()





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       $pod_seq->left_delimiter()
       $pod_seq->right_delimiter()
       $pod_seq->parse_tree()
       $pod_seq->file_line()
       Pod::InteriorSequence::DESTROY()
       Pod::ParseTree
       Pod::ParseTree->new()
       $ptree->top()
       $ptree->children()
       $ptree->prepend()
       $ptree->append()
       $ptree->raw_text()
       Pod::ParseTree::DESTROY()
       SEE ALSO
       AUTHOR

       Pod::LaTeX - Convert Pod data to formatted Latex


       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
       OBJECT METHODS
           "initialize"

       Data Accessors
           AddPreamble

       AddPostamble

       Head1Level

       Label

       LevelNoNum

       MakeIndex

       ReplaceNAMEwithSection

       StartWithNewPage

       TableOfContents

       UniqueLabels

       UserPreamble

       UserPostamble

       Lists

       Subclassed methods

       begin_pod



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       end_pod

       command

       verbatim

       textblock

       interior_sequence

       List Methods
           begin_list

       end_list

       add_item

       Methods for headings
           head

       Internal methods
           _output

       _replace_special_chars

       _create_label

       _create_index

       _clean_latex_commands

       NOTES
       SEE ALSO
       AUTHORS
       COPYRIGHT
       REVISION

       Pod::Man - Convert POD data to formatted *roff input


       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
           center, date, fixed, fixedbold, fixeditalic, fixed-
           bolditalic, quotes, release, section

       DIAGNOSTICS
           roff font should be 1 or 2 chars, not "%s", Invalid
           link %s, Invalid quote specification "%s", %s:%d:
           Unknown command paragraph "%s", Unknown escape E<%s>,
           Unknown sequence %s, %s: Unknown command paragraph
           "%s" on line %d, Unmatched =back

       BUGS




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       SEE ALSO
       AUTHOR

       Pod::ParseUtils - helpers for POD parsing and conversion


       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
       Pod::List
           Pod::List->new()

       $list->file()

       $list->start()

       $list->indent()

       $list->type()

       $list->rx()

       $list->item()

       $list->parent()

       $list->tag()

       Pod::Hyperlink
           Pod::Hyperlink->new()

       $link->parse($string)

       $link->markup($string)

       $link->text()

       $link->warning()

       $link->file(), $link->line()

       $link->page()

       $link->node()

       $link->alttext()

       $link->type()

       $link->link()

       Pod::Cache
           Pod::Cache->new()

       $cache->item()



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       $cache->find_page($name)

       Pod::Cache::Item
           Pod::Cache::Item->new()

       $cacheitem->page()

       $cacheitem->description()

       $cacheitem->path()

       $cacheitem->file()

       $cacheitem->nodes()

       $cacheitem->find_node($name)

       $cacheitem->idx()

       AUTHOR
       SEE ALSO

       Pod::Parser - base class for creating POD filters and
       translators


       SYNOPSIS
       REQUIRES
       EXPORTS
       DESCRIPTION
       QUICK OVERVIEW
       PARSING OPTIONS
           -want_nonPODs (default: unset), -process_cut_cmd
           (default: unset), -warnings (default: unset)

       RECOMMENDED SUBROUTINE/METHOD OVERRIDES
       command()
           "$cmd", "$text", "$line_num", "$pod_para"

       verbatim()
           "$text", "$line_num", "$pod_para"

       textblock()
           "$text", "$line_num", "$pod_para"

       interior_sequence()
       OPTIONAL SUBROUTINE/METHOD OVERRIDES
       new()
       initialize()
       begin_pod()
       begin_input()
       end_input()





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       end_pod()
       preprocess_line()
       preprocess_paragraph()
       METHODS FOR PARSING AND PROCESSING
       parse_text()
           -expand_seq => code-ref|method-name, -expand_text =>
           code-ref|method-name, -expand_ptree => code-
           ref|method-name

       interpolate()
       parse_paragraph()
       parse_from_filehandle()
       parse_from_file()
       ACCESSOR METHODS
       errorsub()
       cutting()
       parseopts()
       output_file()
       output_handle()
       input_file()
       input_handle()
       input_streams()
       top_stream()
       PRIVATE METHODS AND DATA
       _push_input_stream()
       _pop_input_stream()
       TREE-BASED PARSING
       SEE ALSO
       AUTHOR

       Pod::Plainer - Perl extension for converting Pod to old
       style Pod.


       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
           EXPORT
       AUTHOR
       SEE ALSO

       Pod::Select, podselect() - extract selected sections of
       POD from input


       SYNOPSIS
       REQUIRES
       EXPORTS
       DESCRIPTION
       SECTION SPECIFICATIONS
       RANGE SPECIFICATIONS
       OBJECT METHODS
       curr_headings()





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       select()
       add_selection()
       clear_selections()
       match_section()
       is_selected()
       EXPORTED FUNCTIONS
       podselect()
           -output, -sections, -ranges

       PRIVATE METHODS AND DATA
       _compile_section_spec()
       $self->{_SECTION_HEADINGS}
       $self->{_SELECTED_SECTIONS}
       SEE ALSO
       AUTHOR

       Pod::Text - Convert POD data to formatted ASCII text


       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
           alt, indent, loose, quotes, sentence, width

       DIAGNOSTICS
           Bizarre space in item, Can't open %s for reading: %s,
           Invalid quote specification "%s", %s:%d: Unknown com-
           mand paragraph "%s", Unknown escape: %s, Unknown
           sequence: %s, Unmatched =back

       RESTRICTIONS
       NOTES
       SEE ALSO
       AUTHOR

       Pod::Text::Color - Convert POD data to formatted color
       ASCII text


       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
       BUGS
       SEE ALSO
       AUTHOR

       Pod::Text::Overstrike - Convert POD data to formatted
       overstrike text


       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
       BUGS
       SEE ALSO





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       AUTHOR

       Pod::Text::Termcap, Pod::Text::Color - Convert POD data to
       ASCII text with format escapes


       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
       SEE ALSO
       AUTHOR

       Pod::Usage, pod2usage() - print a usage message from
       embedded pod documentation


       SYNOPSIS
       ARGUMENTS
           "-message", "-msg", "-exitval", "-verbose", "-output",
           "-input", "-pathlist"

       DESCRIPTION
       EXAMPLES
           Recommended Use
       CAVEATS
       AUTHOR
       ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

       SDBM_File - Tied access to sdbm files


       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
           "O_RDONLY", "O_WRONLY", "O_RDWR"

       DIAGNOSTICS
           ""sdbm store returned -1, errno 22, key ""..."" at
           ...""
       BUGS AND WARNINGS

       Safe - Compile and execute code in restricted compartments


       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
           a new namespace, an operator mask

       WARNING
           RECENT CHANGES
           Methods in class Safe
               permit (OP, ...), permit_only (OP, ...), deny (OP,
               ...), deny_only (OP, ...), trap (OP, ...), untrap
               (OP, ...), share (NAME, ...), share_from (PACKAGE,
               ARRAYREF), varglob (VARNAME), reval (STRING), rdo
               (FILENAME), root (NAMESPACE), mask (MASK)



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           Some Safety Issues
               Memory, CPU, Snooping, Signals, State Changes

           AUTHOR

       Search::Dict, look - search for key in dictionary file

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION

       SelectSaver - save and restore selected file handle


       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION

       SelfLoader - load functions only on demand


       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
           The __DATA__ token
           SelfLoader autoloading
           Autoloading and package lexicals
           SelfLoader and AutoLoader
           __DATA__, __END__, and the FOOBAR::DATA filehandle.
           Classes and inherited methods.
       Multiple packages and fully qualified subroutine names

       Shell - run shell commands transparently within perl


       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
           OBJECT ORIENTED SYNTAX
       AUTHOR

       Socket, sockaddr_in, sockaddr_un, inet_aton, inet_ntoa -
       load the C socket.h defines and structure manipulators


       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
           inet_aton HOSTNAME, inet_ntoa IP_ADDRESS, INADDR_ANY,
           INADDR_BROADCAST, INADDR_LOOPBACK, INADDR_NONE, sock-
           addr_in PORT, ADDRESS, sockaddr_in SOCKADDR_IN,
           pack_sockaddr_in PORT, IP_ADDRESS, unpack_sockaddr_in
           SOCKADDR_IN, sockaddr_un PATHNAME, sockaddr_un SOCK-
           ADDR_UN, pack_sockaddr_un PATH, unpack_sockaddr_un
           SOCKADDR_UN







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       Symbol - manipulate Perl symbols and their names


       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION

       Sys::Hostname - Try every conceivable way to get hostname


       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
       AUTHOR

       Syslog, Sys::Syslog, openlog, closelog, setlogmask, syslog
       - Perl interface to the UNIX syslog(3) calls


       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
           openlog $ident, $logopt, $facility, syslog $priority,
           $format, @args, setlogmask $mask_priority, setlogsock
           $sock_type (added in 5.004_02), closelog

       EXAMPLES
       SEE ALSO
       AUTHOR

       Syslog::Syslog, Sys::Syslog, openlog, closelog, setlog-
       mask, syslog - Perl interface to the UNIX syslog(3) calls


       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
           openlog $ident, $logopt, $facility, syslog $priority,
           $format, @args, setlogmask $mask_priority, setlogsock
           $sock_type (added in 5.004_02), closelog

       EXAMPLES
       SEE ALSO
       AUTHOR

       Term::ANSIColor - Color screen output using ANSI escape
       sequences


       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
       DIAGNOSTICS
           Invalid attribute name %s, Name "%s" used only once:
           possible typo, No comma allowed after filehandle,
           Bareword "%s" not allowed while "strict subs" in use

       RESTRICTIONS




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       NOTES
       AUTHORS

       Term::Cap - Perl termcap interface


       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
       EXAMPLES

       Term::Complete - Perl word completion module


       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
           <tab>, ^D, ^U, <del>, <bs>

       DIAGNOSTICS
       BUGS
       AUTHOR

       Term::ReadLine - Perl interface to various "readline"
       packages. If no real package is found, substitutes stubs
       instead of basic functions.


       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
       Minimal set of supported functions
           "ReadLine", "new", "readline", "addhistory", "IN",
           $"OUT", "MinLine", "findConsole", Attribs, "Features"

       Additional supported functions
           "tkRunning", "ornaments", "newTTY"

       EXPORTS
       ENVIRONMENT

       Test - provides a simple framework for writing test
       scripts


       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
       TEST TYPES
           NORMAL TESTS, SKIPPED TESTS, TODO TESTS

       RETURN VALUE
       ONFAIL
       SEE ALSO
       AUTHOR






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       Test::Harness - run perl standard test scripts with
       statistics


       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
           The test script output
       EXPORT
       DIAGNOSTICS
           "All tests successful.\nFiles=%d,  Tests=%d, %s",
           "FAILED tests %s\n\tFailed %d/%d tests, %.2f%% okay.",
           "Test returned status %d (wstat %d)", "Failed 1 test,
           %.2f%% okay. %s", "Failed %d/%d tests, %.2f%% okay.
           %s"

       ENVIRONMENT
       SEE ALSO
       AUTHORS
       BUGS

       Text::Abbrev, abbrev - create an abbreviation table from a
       list


       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
       EXAMPLE

       Text::ParseWords - parse text into an array of tokens or
       array of arrays


       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
       EXAMPLES
       AUTHORS

       Text::Soundex - Implementation of the Soundex Algorithm as
       Described by Knuth


       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
       EXAMPLES
       LIMITATIONS
       AUTHOR

       Text::Tabs -- expand and unexpand tabs per the unix
       expand(1) and unexpand(1)


       SYNOPSIS





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       DESCRIPTION
       BUGS
       AUTHOR

       Text::Wrap - line wrapping to form simple paragraphs


       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
       EXAMPLE
       AUTHOR

       Thread - manipulate threads in Perl (EXPERIMENTAL, subject
       to change)


       CAVEAT
       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
       FUNCTIONS
           new \&start_sub, new \&start_sub, LIST, lock VARIABLE,
           async BLOCK;, Thread->self, Thread->list, cond_wait
           VARIABLE, cond_signal VARIABLE, cond_broadcast VARI-
           ABLE, yield

       METHODS
           join, eval, detach, equal, tid

       LIMITATIONS
       SEE ALSO

       Thread::Queue - thread-safe queues


       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
       FUNCTIONS AND METHODS
           new, enqueue LIST, dequeue, dequeue_nb, pending

       SEE ALSO

       Thread::Semaphore - thread-safe semaphores

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
       FUNCTIONS AND METHODS
           new, new NUMBER, down, down NUMBER, up, up NUMBER

       Thread::Signal - Start a thread which runs signal handlers
       reliably


       SYNOPSIS




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       DESCRIPTION
       BUGS

       Thread::Specific - thread-specific keys


       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION

       Tie::Array - base class for tied arrays


       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
           TIEARRAY classname, LIST, STORE this, index, value,
           FETCH this, index, FETCHSIZE this, STORESIZE this,
           count, EXTEND this, count, EXISTS this, key, DELETE
           this, key, CLEAR this, DESTROY this, PUSH this, LIST,
           POP this, SHIFT this, UNSHIFT this, LIST, SPLICE this,
           offset, length, LIST

       CAVEATS
       AUTHOR

       Tie::Handle, Tie::StdHandle  - base class definitions for
       tied handles


       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
           TIEHANDLE classname, LIST, WRITE this, scalar, length,
           offset, PRINT this, LIST, PRINTF this, format, LIST,
           READ this, scalar, length, offset, READLINE this, GETC
           this, CLOSE this, OPEN this, filename, BINMODE this,
           EOF this, TELL this, SEEK this, offset, whence,
           DESTROY this

       MORE INFORMATION
       COMPATIBILITY

       Tie::Hash, Tie::StdHash - base class definitions for tied
       hashes


       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
           TIEHASH classname, LIST, STORE this, key, value, FETCH
           this, key, FIRSTKEY this, NEXTKEY this, lastkey,
           EXISTS this, key, DELETE this, key, CLEAR this

       CAVEATS
       MORE INFORMATION





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       Tie::RefHash - use references as hash keys


       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
       EXAMPLE
       AUTHOR
       VERSION
       SEE ALSO

       Tie::Scalar, Tie::StdScalar - base class definitions for
       tied scalars


       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
           TIESCALAR classname, LIST, FETCH this, STORE this,
           value, DESTROY this

       MORE INFORMATION

       Tie::SubstrHash - Fixed-table-size, fixed-key-length hash-
       ing

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
       CAVEATS

       Time::Local - efficiently compute time from local and GMT
       time


       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
       IMPLEMENTATION
       BUGS

       Time::gmtime - by-name interface to Perl's built-in
       gmtime() function


       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
       NOTE
       AUTHOR

       Time::localtime - by-name interface to Perl's built-in
       localtime() function


       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION





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       NOTE
       AUTHOR

       Time::tm - internal object used by Time::gmtime and
       Time::localtime


       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
       AUTHOR

       UNIVERSAL - base class for ALL classes (blessed refer-
       ences)


       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
           isa ( TYPE ), can ( METHOD ), VERSION ( [ REQUIRE ] ),
           UNIVERSAL::isa ( VAL, TYPE ), UNIVERSAL::can ( VAL,
           METHOD )

       User::grent - by-name interface to Perl's built-in
       getgr*() functions


       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
       NOTE
       AUTHOR

       User::pwent - by-name interface to Perl's built-in
       getpw*() functions


       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
           System Specifics
       NOTE
       AUTHOR
       HISTORY
           March 18th, 2000

       Win32 - Interfaces to some Win32 API Functions


       DESCRIPTION
           Alphabetical Listing of Win32 Functions
               Win32::AbortSystemShutdown(MACHINE), Win32::Build-
               Number(), Win32::CopyFile(FROM, TO, OVERWRITE),
               Win32::DomainName(), Win32::ExpandEnviron-
               mentStrings(STRING), Win32::FormatMessage(ERROR-
               CODE), Win32::FsType(), Win32::FreeLibrary(HAN-
               DLE), Win32::GetArchName(), Win32::GetChipName(),
               Win32::GetCwd(), Win32::GetFullPathName(FILENAME),



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               Win32::GetLastError(), Win32::GetLongPath-
               Name(PATHNAME), Win32::GetNextAvailDrive(),
               Win32::GetOSVersion(), Win32::GetShortPath-
               Name(PATHNAME), Win32::GetProcAddress(INSTANCE,
               PROCNAME), Win32::GetTickCount(), Win32::Initi-
               ateSystemShutdown, Win32::IsWinNT(),
               Win32::IsWin95(), Win32::LoadLibrary(LIBNAME),
               Win32::LoginName(), Win32::LookupAccountName(SYS-
               TEM, ACCOUNT, DOMAIN, SID, SIDTYPE), Win32::Looku-
               pAccountSID(SYSTEM, SID, ACCOUNT, DOMAIN, SID-
               TYPE), Win32::MsgBox(MESSAGE [, FLAGS [, TITLE]]),
               Win32::NodeName(), Win32::RegisterServer(LIBRARY-
               NAME), Win32::SetCwd(NEWDIRECTORY), Win32::Set-
               LastError(ERROR), Win32::Sleep(TIME),
               Win32::Spawn(COMMAND, ARGS, PID), Win32::Unregis-
               terServer(LIBRARYNAME)

       XSLoader - Dynamically load C libraries into Perl code


       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
       AUTHOR

AUXILIARY DOCUMENTATION
       Here should be listed all the extra programs' documenta-
       tion, but they don't all have manual pages yet:

       a2p
       s2p
       find2perl
       h2ph
       c2ph
       h2xs
       xsubpp
       pod2man
       wrapsuid

AUTHOR
       Larry Wall <larry@wall.org>, with the help of oodles of
       other folks.
















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