UP(4)                  OpenBSD Programmer's Manual (VAX)                 UP(4)

NAME
     up - unibus storage module controller/drives

SYNOPSIS
     controller sc0 at uba? csr 0176700 vector upintr
     disk up0 at sc0 drive 0

DESCRIPTION
     This is a generic UNIBUS storage module disk driver.  It is specifically
     designed to work with the Emulex SC-21 and SC-31 controllers.  It can be
     easily adapted to other controllers (although bootstrapping will not nec-
     essarily be directly possible).

     The script MAKEDEV(8) should be used to create the up special files; con-
     sult mknod(8) if a special file needs to be made manually.  It is recom-
     mended as a security precaution to not create special files for devices
     which may never be installed.

DISK SUPPORT
     The driver interrogates the controller's holding register to determine
     the type of drive attached.  The driver recognizes seven different
     drives: CDC 9762, CDC 9766, AMPEX DM980, AMPEX 9300, AMPEX Capricorn,
     FUJITSU 160, and FUJITSU Eagle (the Eagle is not supported by the SC-21).

     Special file names begin with `up' and `rup' for the block and character
     files respectively.  The second component of the name, a drive unit num-
     ber in the range of zero to seven, is represented by a `?' in the disk
     layouts below.  The last component of the name, the file system parti-
     tion, is designated by a letter from `a' to `h' which also corresponds to
     a minor device number set: zero to seven, eight to 15, 16 to 23 and so
     forth for drive zero, drive two and drive three respectively (see
     physio(9)). The location and size (in 512 byte sectors) of the partitions
     for the above drives:

     CDC 9762 partitions
     disk      start    length       cyls
               hp?a     0            15884     0-99
               hp?b     16000        33440     100-309
               hp?c     0            131680    0-822
               hp?d     49600        15884     309-408
               hp?e     65440        55936     409-758
               hp?f     121440       10080     759-822
               hp?g     49600        82080     309-822

     CDC 9766 300M drive partitions:
     disk      start    length       cyl
               up?a     0            15884     0-26
               up?b     16416        33440     27-81
               up?c     0            500384    0-822
               up?d     341696       15884     562-588
               up?e     358112       55936     589-680
               up?f     414048       861760    681-822
               up?g     341696       158528    562-822
               up?h     49856        291346    82-561

     AMPEX DM980 partitions
     disk      start    length       cyls
               hp?a     0            15884     0-99
               hp?b     16000        33440     100-309
               hp?c     0            131680    0-822
               hp?d     49600        15884     309-408
               hp?e     65440        55936     409-758
               hp?f     121440       10080     759-822
               hp?g     49600        82080     309-822

     AMPEX 9300 300M drive partitions:
     disk      start    length       cyl
               up?a     0            15884     0-26
               up?b     16416        33440     27-81
               up?c     0            495520    0-814
               up?d     341696       15884     562-588
               up?e     358112       55936     589-680
               up?f     414048       81312     681-814
               up?g     341696       153664    562-814
               up?h     49856        291346    82-561

     AMPEX Capricorn 330M drive partitions:
     disk      start    length       cyl
               hp?a     0            15884     0-31
               hp?b     16384        33440     32-97
               hp?c     0            524288    0-1023
               hp?d     342016       15884     668-699
               hp?e     358400       55936     700-809
               hp?f     414720       109408    810-1023
               hp?g     342016       182112    668-1023
               hp?h     50176        291346    98-667

     FUJITSU 160M drive partitions:
     disk      start    length       cyl
               up?a     0            15884     0-49
               up?b     16000        33440     50-154
               up?c     0            263360    0-822
               up?d     49600        15884     155-204
               up?e     65600        55936     205-379
               up?f     121600       141600    380-822
               up?g     49600        213600    155-822

     FUJITSU Eagle partitions
     disk      start    length       cyls
               hp?a     0            15884     0-16
               hp?b     16320        66880     17-86
               hp?c     0            808320    0-841
               hp?d     375360       15884     391-407
               hp?e     391680       55936     408-727
               hp?f     698880       109248    728-841
               hp?g     375360       432768    391-841
               hp?h     83520        291346    87-390

     The up?a partition is normally used for the root file system, the up?b
     partition as a paging area, and the up?c partition for pack-pack copying
     (it maps the entire disk).  On 160M drives the up?g partition maps the
     rest of the pack.  On other drives both up?g and up?h are used to map the
     remaining cylinders.

FILES
     /dev/up[0-7][a-h]                 block files
     /dev/rup[0-7][a-h]                raw files

DIAGNOSTICS
     up%d%c: hard error %sing fsbn %d[-%d] cs2=%b er1=%b er2=%b.  An unrecov-
     erable error occurred during transfer of the specified filesystem block
     number(s), which are logical block numbers on the indicated partition.
     The contents of the cs2, er1 and er2 registers are printed in octal and
     symbolically with bits decoded.  The error was either unrecoverable, or a
     large number of retry attempts (including offset positioning and drive
     recalibration) could not recover the error.




     up%d: write locked.  The write protect switch was set on the drive when a
     write was attempted.  The write operation is not recoverable.

     up%d: not ready.  The drive was spun down or off line when it was ac-
     cessed.  The i/o operation is not recoverable.

     up%d: not ready (flakey).  The drive was not ready, but after printing
     the message about being not ready (which takes a fraction of a second)
     was ready.  The operation is recovered if no further errors occur.

     up%d%c: soft ecc reading fsbn %d[-%d].  A recoverable ECC error occurred
     on the specified sector of the specified disk partition.  This happens
     normally a few times a week.  If it happens more frequently than this the
     sectors where the errors are occurring should be checked to see if cer-
     tain cylinders on the pack, spots on the carriage of the drive or heads
     are indicated.

     sc%d: lost interrupt.  A timer watching the controller detecting no in-
     terrupt for an extended period while an operation was outstanding.  This
     indicates a hardware or software failure.  There is currently a hard-
     ware/software problem with spinning down drives while they are being ac-
     cessed which causes this error to occur.  The error causes a UNIBUS re-
     set, and retry of the pending operations.  If the controller continues to
     lose interrupts, this error will recur a few seconds later.

SEE ALSO
     hk(4), hp(4), uda(4)

HISTORY
     The up driver appeared in 4.0BSD.

BUGS
     A program to analyze the logged error information (even in its present
     reduced form) is needed.

     The partition tables for the file systems should be read off each pack,
     as they are never quite what any single installation would prefer, and
     this would make packs more portable.

OpenBSD 3.0                     March 27, 1991                               3
