


Carp(3p)         Perl Programmers Reference Guide        Carp(3p)


NAME
       carp    - warn of errors (from perspective of caller)

       cluck   - warn of errors with stack backtrace
                 (not exported by default)

       croak   - die of errors (from perspective of caller)

       confess - die of errors with stack backtrace

SYNOPSIS
           use Carp;
           croak "We're outta here!";

           use Carp qw(cluck);
           cluck "This is how we got here!";


DESCRIPTION
       The Carp routines are useful in your own modules because
       they act like die() or warn(), but report where the error
       was in the code they were called from.  Thus if you have a
       routine Foo() that has a carp() in it, then the carp()
       will report the error as occurring where Foo() was called,
       not where carp() was called.

       Forcing a Stack Trace

       As a debugging aid, you can force Carp to treat a croak as
       a confess and a carp as a cluck across all modules. In
       other words, force a detailed stack trace to be given.
       This can be very helpful when trying to understand why, or
       from where, a warning or error is being generated.

       This feature is enabled by 'importing' the non-existent
       symbol 'verbose'. You would typically enable it by saying

           perl -MCarp=verbose script.pl

       or by including the string "MCarp=verbose" in the the
       PERL5OPT manpage environment variable.

BUGS
       The Carp routines don't handle exception objects cur-
       rently.  If called with a first argument that is a refer-
       ence, they simply call die() or warn(), as appropriate.











2000-04-06                 perl v5.6.1                          1


