This is gccint.info, produced by makeinfo version 4.2 from
/usr/src/gnu/usr.bin/gcc/gcc/doc/gccint.texi.

Copyright (C) 1988, 1989, 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998,
1999, 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003 Free Software Foundation, Inc.

   Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document
under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.2 or
any later version published by the Free Software Foundation; with the
Invariant Sections being "GNU General Public License" and "Funding Free
Software", the Front-Cover texts being (a) (see below), and with the
Back-Cover Texts being (b) (see below).  A copy of the license is
included in the section entitled "GNU Free Documentation License".

   (a) The FSF's Front-Cover Text is:

   A GNU Manual

   (b) The FSF's Back-Cover Text is:

   You have freedom to copy and modify this GNU Manual, like GNU
software.  Copies published by the Free Software Foundation raise
funds for GNU development.
INFO-DIR-SECTION Programming
START-INFO-DIR-ENTRY
* gccint: (gccint).            Internals of the GNU Compiler Collection.
END-INFO-DIR-ENTRY
   This file documents the internals of the GNU compilers.

   Published by the Free Software Foundation
59 Temple Place - Suite 330
Boston, MA 02111-1307 USA

File: gccint.info,  Node: GNU Free Documentation License,  Next: Contributors,  Prev: Copying,  Up: Top

GNU Free Documentation License
******************************

                      Version 1.2, November 2002
     Copyright (C) 2000,2001,2002 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
     59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA  02111-1307, USA
     
     Everyone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatim copies
     of this license document, but changing it is not allowed.

  0. PREAMBLE

     The purpose of this License is to make a manual, textbook, or other
     functional and useful document "free" in the sense of freedom: to
     assure everyone the effective freedom to copy and redistribute it,
     with or without modifying it, either commercially or
     noncommercially.  Secondarily, this License preserves for the
     author and publisher a way to get credit for their work, while not
     being considered responsible for modifications made by others.

     This License is a kind of "copyleft", which means that derivative
     works of the document must themselves be free in the same sense.
     It complements the GNU General Public License, which is a copyleft
     license designed for free software.

     We have designed this License in order to use it for manuals for
     free software, because free software needs free documentation: a
     free program should come with manuals providing the same freedoms
     that the software does.  But this License is not limited to
     software manuals; it can be used for any textual work, regardless
     of subject matter or whether it is published as a printed book.
     We recommend this License principally for works whose purpose is
     instruction or reference.

  1. APPLICABILITY AND DEFINITIONS

     This License applies to any manual or other work, in any medium,
     that contains a notice placed by the copyright holder saying it
     can be distributed under the terms of this License.  Such a notice
     grants a world-wide, royalty-free license, unlimited in duration,
     to use that work under the conditions stated herein.  The
     "Document", below, refers to any such manual or work.  Any member
     of the public is a licensee, and is addressed as "you".  You
     accept the license if you copy, modify or distribute the work in a
     way requiring permission under copyright law.

     A "Modified Version" of the Document means any work containing the
     Document or a portion of it, either copied verbatim, or with
     modifications and/or translated into another language.

     A "Secondary Section" is a named appendix or a front-matter section
     of the Document that deals exclusively with the relationship of the
     publishers or authors of the Document to the Document's overall
     subject (or to related matters) and contains nothing that could
     fall directly within that overall subject.  (Thus, if the Document
     is in part a textbook of mathematics, a Secondary Section may not
     explain any mathematics.)  The relationship could be a matter of
     historical connection with the subject or with related matters, or
     of legal, commercial, philosophical, ethical or political position
     regarding them.

     The "Invariant Sections" are certain Secondary Sections whose
     titles are designated, as being those of Invariant Sections, in
     the notice that says that the Document is released under this
     License.  If a section does not fit the above definition of
     Secondary then it is not allowed to be designated as Invariant.
     The Document may contain zero Invariant Sections.  If the Document
     does not identify any Invariant Sections then there are none.

     The "Cover Texts" are certain short passages of text that are
     listed, as Front-Cover Texts or Back-Cover Texts, in the notice
     that says that the Document is released under this License.  A
     Front-Cover Text may be at most 5 words, and a Back-Cover Text may
     be at most 25 words.

     A "Transparent" copy of the Document means a machine-readable copy,
     represented in a format whose specification is available to the
     general public, that is suitable for revising the document
     straightforwardly with generic text editors or (for images
     composed of pixels) generic paint programs or (for drawings) some
     widely available drawing editor, and that is suitable for input to
     text formatters or for automatic translation to a variety of
     formats suitable for input to text formatters.  A copy made in an
     otherwise Transparent file format whose markup, or absence of
     markup, has been arranged to thwart or discourage subsequent
     modification by readers is not Transparent.  An image format is
     not Transparent if used for any substantial amount of text.  A
     copy that is not "Transparent" is called "Opaque".

     Examples of suitable formats for Transparent copies include plain
     ASCII without markup, Texinfo input format, LaTeX input format,
     SGML or XML using a publicly available DTD, and
     standard-conforming simple HTML, PostScript or PDF designed for
     human modification.  Examples of transparent image formats include
     PNG, XCF and JPG.  Opaque formats include proprietary formats that
     can be read and edited only by proprietary word processors, SGML or
     XML for which the DTD and/or processing tools are not generally
     available, and the machine-generated HTML, PostScript or PDF
     produced by some word processors for output purposes only.

     The "Title Page" means, for a printed book, the title page itself,
     plus such following pages as are needed to hold, legibly, the
     material this License requires to appear in the title page.  For
     works in formats which do not have any title page as such, "Title
     Page" means the text near the most prominent appearance of the
     work's title, preceding the beginning of the body of the text.

     A section "Entitled XYZ" means a named subunit of the Document
     whose title either is precisely XYZ or contains XYZ in parentheses
     following text that translates XYZ in another language.  (Here XYZ
     stands for a specific section name mentioned below, such as
     "Acknowledgements", "Dedications", "Endorsements", or "History".)
     To "Preserve the Title" of such a section when you modify the
     Document means that it remains a section "Entitled XYZ" according
     to this definition.

     The Document may include Warranty Disclaimers next to the notice
     which states that this License applies to the Document.  These
     Warranty Disclaimers are considered to be included by reference in
     this License, but only as regards disclaiming warranties: any other
     implication that these Warranty Disclaimers may have is void and
     has no effect on the meaning of this License.

  2. VERBATIM COPYING

     You may copy and distribute the Document in any medium, either
     commercially or noncommercially, provided that this License, the
     copyright notices, and the license notice saying this License
     applies to the Document are reproduced in all copies, and that you
     add no other conditions whatsoever to those of this License.  You
     may not use technical measures to obstruct or control the reading
     or further copying of the copies you make or distribute.  However,
     you may accept compensation in exchange for copies.  If you
     distribute a large enough number of copies you must also follow
     the conditions in section 3.

     You may also lend copies, under the same conditions stated above,
     and you may publicly display copies.

  3. COPYING IN QUANTITY

     If you publish printed copies (or copies in media that commonly
     have printed covers) of the Document, numbering more than 100, and
     the Document's license notice requires Cover Texts, you must
     enclose the copies in covers that carry, clearly and legibly, all
     these Cover Texts: Front-Cover Texts on the front cover, and
     Back-Cover Texts on the back cover.  Both covers must also clearly
     and legibly identify you as the publisher of these copies.  The
     front cover must present the full title with all words of the
     title equally prominent and visible.  You may add other material
     on the covers in addition.  Copying with changes limited to the
     covers, as long as they preserve the title of the Document and
     satisfy these conditions, can be treated as verbatim copying in
     other respects.

     If the required texts for either cover are too voluminous to fit
     legibly, you should put the first ones listed (as many as fit
     reasonably) on the actual cover, and continue the rest onto
     adjacent pages.

     If you publish or distribute Opaque copies of the Document
     numbering more than 100, you must either include a
     machine-readable Transparent copy along with each Opaque copy, or
     state in or with each Opaque copy a computer-network location from
     which the general network-using public has access to download
     using public-standard network protocols a complete Transparent
     copy of the Document, free of added material.  If you use the
     latter option, you must take reasonably prudent steps, when you
     begin distribution of Opaque copies in quantity, to ensure that
     this Transparent copy will remain thus accessible at the stated
     location until at least one year after the last time you
     distribute an Opaque copy (directly or through your agents or
     retailers) of that edition to the public.

     It is requested, but not required, that you contact the authors of
     the Document well before redistributing any large number of
     copies, to give them a chance to provide you with an updated
     version of the Document.

  4. MODIFICATIONS

     You may copy and distribute a Modified Version of the Document
     under the conditions of sections 2 and 3 above, provided that you
     release the Modified Version under precisely this License, with
     the Modified Version filling the role of the Document, thus
     licensing distribution and modification of the Modified Version to
     whoever possesses a copy of it.  In addition, you must do these
     things in the Modified Version:

       A. Use in the Title Page (and on the covers, if any) a title
          distinct from that of the Document, and from those of
          previous versions (which should, if there were any, be listed
          in the History section of the Document).  You may use the
          same title as a previous version if the original publisher of
          that version gives permission.

       B. List on the Title Page, as authors, one or more persons or
          entities responsible for authorship of the modifications in
          the Modified Version, together with at least five of the
          principal authors of the Document (all of its principal
          authors, if it has fewer than five), unless they release you
          from this requirement.

       C. State on the Title page the name of the publisher of the
          Modified Version, as the publisher.

       D. Preserve all the copyright notices of the Document.

       E. Add an appropriate copyright notice for your modifications
          adjacent to the other copyright notices.

       F. Include, immediately after the copyright notices, a license
          notice giving the public permission to use the Modified
          Version under the terms of this License, in the form shown in
          the Addendum below.

       G. Preserve in that license notice the full lists of Invariant
          Sections and required Cover Texts given in the Document's
          license notice.

       H. Include an unaltered copy of this License.

       I. Preserve the section Entitled "History", Preserve its Title,
          and add to it an item stating at least the title, year, new
          authors, and publisher of the Modified Version as given on
          the Title Page.  If there is no section Entitled "History" in
          the Document, create one stating the title, year, authors,
          and publisher of the Document as given on its Title Page,
          then add an item describing the Modified Version as stated in
          the previous sentence.

       J. Preserve the network location, if any, given in the Document
          for public access to a Transparent copy of the Document, and
          likewise the network locations given in the Document for
          previous versions it was based on.  These may be placed in
          the "History" section.  You may omit a network location for a
          work that was published at least four years before the
          Document itself, or if the original publisher of the version
          it refers to gives permission.

       K. For any section Entitled "Acknowledgements" or "Dedications",
          Preserve the Title of the section, and preserve in the
          section all the substance and tone of each of the contributor
          acknowledgements and/or dedications given therein.

       L. Preserve all the Invariant Sections of the Document,
          unaltered in their text and in their titles.  Section numbers
          or the equivalent are not considered part of the section
          titles.

       M. Delete any section Entitled "Endorsements".  Such a section
          may not be included in the Modified Version.

       N. Do not retitle any existing section to be Entitled
          "Endorsements" or to conflict in title with any Invariant
          Section.

       O. Preserve any Warranty Disclaimers.

     If the Modified Version includes new front-matter sections or
     appendices that qualify as Secondary Sections and contain no
     material copied from the Document, you may at your option
     designate some or all of these sections as invariant.  To do this,
     add their titles to the list of Invariant Sections in the Modified
     Version's license notice.  These titles must be distinct from any
     other section titles.

     You may add a section Entitled "Endorsements", provided it contains
     nothing but endorsements of your Modified Version by various
     parties--for example, statements of peer review or that the text
     has been approved by an organization as the authoritative
     definition of a standard.

     You may add a passage of up to five words as a Front-Cover Text,
     and a passage of up to 25 words as a Back-Cover Text, to the end
     of the list of Cover Texts in the Modified Version.  Only one
     passage of Front-Cover Text and one of Back-Cover Text may be
     added by (or through arrangements made by) any one entity.  If the
     Document already includes a cover text for the same cover,
     previously added by you or by arrangement made by the same entity
     you are acting on behalf of, you may not add another; but you may
     replace the old one, on explicit permission from the previous
     publisher that added the old one.

     The author(s) and publisher(s) of the Document do not by this
     License give permission to use their names for publicity for or to
     assert or imply endorsement of any Modified Version.

  5. COMBINING DOCUMENTS

     You may combine the Document with other documents released under
     this License, under the terms defined in section 4 above for
     modified versions, provided that you include in the combination
     all of the Invariant Sections of all of the original documents,
     unmodified, and list them all as Invariant Sections of your
     combined work in its license notice, and that you preserve all
     their Warranty Disclaimers.

     The combined work need only contain one copy of this License, and
     multiple identical Invariant Sections may be replaced with a single
     copy.  If there are multiple Invariant Sections with the same name
     but different contents, make the title of each such section unique
     by adding at the end of it, in parentheses, the name of the
     original author or publisher of that section if known, or else a
     unique number.  Make the same adjustment to the section titles in
     the list of Invariant Sections in the license notice of the
     combined work.

     In the combination, you must combine any sections Entitled
     "History" in the various original documents, forming one section
     Entitled "History"; likewise combine any sections Entitled
     "Acknowledgements", and any sections Entitled "Dedications".  You
     must delete all sections Entitled "Endorsements."

  6. COLLECTIONS OF DOCUMENTS

     You may make a collection consisting of the Document and other
     documents released under this License, and replace the individual
     copies of this License in the various documents with a single copy
     that is included in the collection, provided that you follow the
     rules of this License for verbatim copying of each of the
     documents in all other respects.

     You may extract a single document from such a collection, and
     distribute it individually under this License, provided you insert
     a copy of this License into the extracted document, and follow
     this License in all other respects regarding verbatim copying of
     that document.

  7. AGGREGATION WITH INDEPENDENT WORKS

     A compilation of the Document or its derivatives with other
     separate and independent documents or works, in or on a volume of
     a storage or distribution medium, is called an "aggregate" if the
     copyright resulting from the compilation is not used to limit the
     legal rights of the compilation's users beyond what the individual
     works permit.  When the Document is included an aggregate, this
     License does not apply to the other works in the aggregate which
     are not themselves derivative works of the Document.

     If the Cover Text requirement of section 3 is applicable to these
     copies of the Document, then if the Document is less than one half
     of the entire aggregate, the Document's Cover Texts may be placed
     on covers that bracket the Document within the aggregate, or the
     electronic equivalent of covers if the Document is in electronic
     form.  Otherwise they must appear on printed covers that bracket
     the whole aggregate.

  8. TRANSLATION

     Translation is considered a kind of modification, so you may
     distribute translations of the Document under the terms of section
     4.  Replacing Invariant Sections with translations requires special
     permission from their copyright holders, but you may include
     translations of some or all Invariant Sections in addition to the
     original versions of these Invariant Sections.  You may include a
     translation of this License, and all the license notices in the
     Document, and any Warrany Disclaimers, provided that you also
     include the original English version of this License and the
     original versions of those notices and disclaimers.  In case of a
     disagreement between the translation and the original version of
     this License or a notice or disclaimer, the original version will
     prevail.

     If a section in the Document is Entitled "Acknowledgements",
     "Dedications", or "History", the requirement (section 4) to
     Preserve its Title (section 1) will typically require changing the
     actual title.

  9. TERMINATION

     You may not copy, modify, sublicense, or distribute the Document
     except as expressly provided for under this License.  Any other
     attempt to copy, modify, sublicense or distribute the Document is
     void, and will automatically terminate your rights under this
     License.  However, parties who have received copies, or rights,
     from you under this License will not have their licenses
     terminated so long as such parties remain in full compliance.

 10. FUTURE REVISIONS OF THIS LICENSE

     The Free Software Foundation may publish new, revised versions of
     the GNU Free Documentation License from time to time.  Such new
     versions will be similar in spirit to the present version, but may
     differ in detail to address new problems or concerns.  See
     `http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/'.

     Each version of the License is given a distinguishing version
     number.  If the Document specifies that a particular numbered
     version of this License "or any later version" applies to it, you
     have the option of following the terms and conditions either of
     that specified version or of any later version that has been
     published (not as a draft) by the Free Software Foundation.  If
     the Document does not specify a version number of this License,
     you may choose any version ever published (not as a draft) by the
     Free Software Foundation.

ADDENDUM: How to use this License for your documents
====================================================

   To use this License in a document you have written, include a copy of
the License in the document and put the following copyright and license
notices just after the title page:

       Copyright (C)  YEAR  YOUR NAME.
       Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document
       under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.2
       or any later version published by the Free Software Foundation;
       with no Invariant Sections, no Front-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover Texts.
       A copy of the license is included in the section entitled ``GNU
       Free Documentation License''.

   If you have Invariant Sections, Front-Cover Texts and Back-Cover
Texts, replace the "with...Texts." line with this:

         with the Invariant Sections being LIST THEIR TITLES, with
         the Front-Cover Texts being LIST, and with the Back-Cover Texts
         being LIST.

   If you have Invariant Sections without Cover Texts, or some other
combination of the three, merge those two alternatives to suit the
situation.

   If your document contains nontrivial examples of program code, we
recommend releasing these examples in parallel under your choice of
free software license, such as the GNU General Public License, to
permit their use in free software.


File: gccint.info,  Node: Contributors,  Next: Option Index,  Prev: GNU Free Documentation License,  Up: Top

Contributors to GCC
*******************

   The GCC project would like to thank its many contributors.  Without
them the project would not have been nearly as successful as it has
been.  Any omissions in this list are accidental.  Feel free to contact
<law@redhat.com> or <gerald@pfeifer.com> if you have been left out or
some of your contributions are not listed.  Please keep this list in
alphabetical order.

   * Analog Devices helped implement the support for complex data types
     and iterators.

   * John David Anglin for threading-related fixes and improvements to
     libstdc++-v3, and the HP-UX port.

   * James van Artsdalen wrote the code that makes efficient use of the
     Intel 80387 register stack.

   * Alasdair Baird for various bug fixes.

   * Gerald Baumgartner added the signature extension to the C++ front
     end.

   * Godmar Back for his Java improvements and encouragement.

   * Scott Bambrough for help porting the Java compiler.

   * Wolfgang Bangerth for processing tons of bug reports.

   * Jon Beniston for his Windows port of Java.

   * Daniel Berlin for better DWARF2 support, faster/better
     optimizations, improved alias analysis, plus migrating us to
     Bugzilla.

   * Geoff Berry for his Java object serialization work and various
     patches.

   * Eric Blake for helping to make GCJ and libgcj conform to the
     specifications.

   * Segher Boessenkool for various fixes.

   * Hans-J. Boehm for his garbage collector, IA-64 libffi port, and
     other Java work.

   * Neil Booth for work on cpplib, lang hooks, debug hooks and other
     miscellaneous clean-ups.

   * Eric Botcazou for fixing middle- and backend bugs left and right.

   * Per Bothner for his direction via the steering committee and
     various improvements to our infrastructure for supporting new
     languages.  Chill front end implementation.  Initial
     implementations of cpplib, fix-header, config.guess, libio, and
     past C++ library (libg++) maintainer.  Dreaming up, designing and
     implementing much of GCJ.

   * Devon Bowen helped port GCC to the Tahoe.

   * Don Bowman for mips-vxworks contributions.

   * Dave Brolley for work on cpplib and Chill.

   * Robert Brown implemented the support for Encore 32000 systems.

   * Christian Bruel for improvements to local store elimination.

   * Herman A.J. ten Brugge for various fixes.

   * Joerg Brunsmann for Java compiler hacking and help with the GCJ
     FAQ.

   * Joe Buck for his direction via the steering committee.

   * Craig Burley for leadership of the Fortran effort.

   * Stephan Buys for contributing Doxygen notes for libstdc++.

   * Paolo Carlini for libstdc++ work: lots of efficiency improvements
     to the string class, hard detective work on the frustrating
     localization issues, and keeping up with the problem reports.

   * John Carr for his alias work, SPARC hacking, infrastructure
     improvements, previous contributions to the steering committee,
     loop optimizations, etc.

   * Stephane Carrez for 68HC11 and 68HC12 ports.

   * Steve Chamberlain for support for the Renesas SH and H8 processors
     and the PicoJava processor, and for GCJ config fixes.

   * Glenn Chambers for help with the GCJ FAQ.

   * John-Marc Chandonia for various libgcj patches.

   * Scott Christley for his Objective-C contributions.

   * Eric Christopher for his Java porting help and clean-ups.

   * Branko Cibej for more warning contributions.

   * The GNU Classpath project for all of their merged runtime code.

   * Nick Clifton for arm, mcore, fr30, v850, m32r work, `--help', and
     other random hacking.

   * Michael Cook for libstdc++ cleanup patches to reduce warnings.

   * Ralf Corsepius for SH testing and minor bugfixing.

   * Stan Cox for care and feeding of the x86 port and lots of behind
     the scenes hacking.

   * Alex Crain provided changes for the 3b1.

   * Ian Dall for major improvements to the NS32k port.

   * Dario Dariol contributed the four varieties of sample programs
     that print a copy of their source.

   * Russell Davidson for fstream and stringstream fixes in libstdc++.

   * Mo DeJong for GCJ and libgcj bug fixes.

   * DJ Delorie for the DJGPP port, build and libiberty maintenance, and
     various bug fixes.

   * Gabriel Dos Reis for contributions to g++, contributions and
     maintenance of GCC diagnostics infrastructure, libstdc++-v3,
     including valarray<>, complex<>, maintaining the numerics library
     (including that pesky <limits> :-) and keeping up-to-date anything
     to do with numbers.

   * Ulrich Drepper for his work on glibc, testing of GCC using glibc,
     ISO C99 support, CFG dumping support, etc., plus support of the
     C++ runtime libraries including for all kinds of C interface
     issues, contributing and maintaining complex<>, sanity checking
     and disbursement, configuration architecture, libio maintenance,
     and early math work.

   * Zdenek Dvorak for a new loop unroller and various fixes.

   * Richard Earnshaw for his ongoing work with the ARM.

   * David Edelsohn for his direction via the steering committee,
     ongoing work with the RS6000/PowerPC port, help cleaning up Haifa
     loop changes, doing the entire AIX port of libstdc++ with his bare
     hands, and for ensuring GCC properly keeps working on AIX.

   * Kevin Ediger for the floating point formatting of num_put::do_put
     in libstdc++.

   * Phil Edwards for libstdc++ work including configuration hackery,
     documentation maintainer, chief breaker of the web pages, the
     occasional iostream bug fix, and work on shared library symbol
     versioning.

   * Paul Eggert for random hacking all over GCC.

   * Mark Elbrecht for various DJGPP improvements, and for libstdc++
     configuration support for locales and fstream-related fixes.

   * Vadim Egorov for libstdc++ fixes in strings, streambufs, and
     iostreams.

   * Christian Ehrhardt for dealing with bug reports.

   * Ben Elliston for his work to move the Objective-C runtime into its
     own subdirectory and for his work on autoconf.

   * Marc Espie for OpenBSD support.

   * Doug Evans for much of the global optimization framework, arc,
     m32r, and SPARC work.

   * Christopher Faylor for his work on the Cygwin port and for caring
     and feeding the gcc.gnu.org box and saving its users tons of spam.

   * Fred Fish for BeOS support and Ada fixes.

   * Ivan Fontes Garcia for the Portugese translation of the GCJ FAQ.

   * Peter Gerwinski for various bug fixes and the Pascal front end.

   * Kaveh Ghazi for his direction via the steering committee, amazing
     work to make `-W -Wall' useful, and continuously testing GCC on a
     plethora of platforms.

   * John Gilmore for a donation to the FSF earmarked improving GNU
     Java.

   * Judy Goldberg for c++ contributions.

   * Torbjorn Granlund for various fixes and the c-torture testsuite,
     multiply- and divide-by-constant optimization, improved long long
     support, improved leaf function register allocation, and his
     direction via the steering committee.

   * Anthony Green for his `-Os' contributions and Java front end work.

   * Stu Grossman for gdb hacking, allowing GCJ developers to debug our
     code.

   * Michael K. Gschwind contributed the port to the PDP-11.

   * Ron Guilmette implemented the `protoize' and `unprotoize' tools,
     the support for Dwarf symbolic debugging information, and much of
     the support for System V Release 4.  He has also worked heavily on
     the Intel 386 and 860 support.

   * Bruno Haible for improvements in the runtime overhead for EH, new
     warnings and assorted bug fixes.

   * Andrew Haley for his amazing Java compiler and library efforts.

   * Chris Hanson assisted in making GCC work on HP-UX for the 9000
     series 300.

   * Michael Hayes for various thankless work he's done trying to get
     the c30/c40 ports functional.  Lots of loop and unroll
     improvements and fixes.

   * Kate Hedstrom for staking the g77 folks with an initial testsuite.

   * Richard Henderson for his ongoing SPARC, alpha, ia32, and ia64
     work, loop opts, and generally fixing lots of old problems we've
     ignored for years, flow rewrite and lots of further stuff,
     including reviewing tons of patches.

   * Aldy Hernandez for working on the PowerPC port, SIMD support, and
     various fixes.

   * Nobuyuki Hikichi of Software Research Associates, Tokyo,
     contributed the support for the Sony NEWS machine.

   * Kazu Hirata for caring and feeding the Renesas H8/300 port and
     various fixes.

   * Manfred Hollstein for his ongoing work to keep the m88k alive, lots
     of testing and bug fixing, particularly of our configury code.

   * Steve Holmgren for MachTen patches.

   * Jan Hubicka for his x86 port improvements.

   * Christian Iseli for various bug fixes.

   * Kamil Iskra for general m68k hacking.

   * Lee Iverson for random fixes and MIPS testing.

   * Andreas Jaeger for testing and benchmarking of GCC and various bug
     fixes.

   * Jakub Jelinek for his SPARC work and sibling call optimizations as
     well as lots of bug fixes and test cases, and for improving the
     Java build system.

   * Janis Johnson for ia64 testing and fixes, her quality improvement
     sidetracks, and web page maintenance.

   * Kean Johnston for SCO OpenServer support and various fixes.

   * Tim Josling for the sample language treelang based originally on
     Richard Kenner's ""toy" language".

   * Nicolai Josuttis for additional libstdc++ documentation.

   * Klaus Kaempf for his ongoing work to make alpha-vms a viable
     target.

   * David Kashtan of SRI adapted GCC to VMS.

   * Ryszard Kabatek for many, many libstdc++ bug fixes and
     optimizations of strings, especially member functions, and for
     auto_ptr fixes.

   * Geoffrey Keating for his ongoing work to make the PPC work for
     GNU/Linux and his automatic regression tester.

   * Brendan Kehoe for his ongoing work with g++ and for a lot of early
     work in just about every part of libstdc++.

   * Oliver M. Kellogg of Deutsche Aerospace contributed the port to the
     MIL-STD-1750A.

   * Richard Kenner of the New York University Ultracomputer Research
     Laboratory wrote the machine descriptions for the AMD 29000, the
     DEC Alpha, the IBM RT PC, and the IBM RS/6000 as well as the
     support for instruction attributes.  He also made changes to
     better support RISC processors including changes to common
     subexpression elimination, strength reduction, function calling
     sequence handling, and condition code support, in addition to
     generalizing the code for frame pointer elimination and delay slot
     scheduling.  Richard Kenner was also the head maintainer of GCC
     for several years.

   * Mumit Khan for various contributions to the Cygwin and Mingw32
     ports and maintaining binary releases for Windows hosts, and for
     massive libstdc++ porting work to Cygwin/Mingw32.

   * Robin Kirkham for cpu32 support.

   * Mark Klein for PA improvements.

   * Thomas Koenig for various bug fixes.

   * Bruce Korb for the new and improved fixincludes code.

   * Benjamin Kosnik for his g++ work and for leading the libstdc++-v3
     effort.

   * Charles LaBrec contributed the support for the Integrated Solutions
     68020 system.

   * Jeff Law for his direction via the steering committee,
     coordinating the entire egcs project and GCC 2.95, rolling out
     snapshots and releases, handling merges from GCC2, reviewing tons
     of patches that might have fallen through the cracks else, and
     random but extensive hacking.

   * Marc Lehmann for his direction via the steering committee and
     helping with analysis and improvements of x86 performance.

   * Ted Lemon wrote parts of the RTL reader and printer.

   * Kriang Lerdsuwanakij for C++ improvements including template as
     template parameter support, and many C++ fixes.

   * Warren Levy for tremendous work on libgcj (Java Runtime Library)
     and random work on the Java front end.

   * Alain Lichnewsky ported GCC to the MIPS CPU.

   * Oskar Liljeblad for hacking on AWT and his many Java bug reports
     and patches.

   * Robert Lipe for OpenServer support, new testsuites, testing, etc.

   * Weiwen Liu for testing and various bug fixes.

   * Dave Love for his ongoing work with the Fortran front end and
     runtime libraries.

   * Martin von Lo"wis for internal consistency checking infrastructure,
     various C++ improvements including namespace support, and tons of
     assistance with libstdc++/compiler merges.

   * H.J. Lu for his previous contributions to the steering committee,
     many x86 bug reports, prototype patches, and keeping the GNU/Linux
     ports working.

   * Greg McGary for random fixes and (someday) bounded pointers.

   * Andrew MacLeod for his ongoing work in building a real EH system,
     various code generation improvements, work on the global
     optimizer, etc.

   * Vladimir Makarov for hacking some ugly i960 problems, PowerPC
     hacking improvements to compile-time performance, overall
     knowledge and direction in the area of instruction scheduling, and
     design and implementation of the automaton based instruction
     scheduler.

   * Bob Manson for his behind the scenes work on dejagnu.

   * Philip Martin for lots of libstdc++ string and vector iterator
     fixes and improvements, and string clean up and testsuites.

   * All of the Mauve project contributors, for Java test code.

   * Bryce McKinlay for numerous GCJ and libgcj fixes and improvements.

   * Adam Megacz for his work on the Windows port of GCJ.

   * Michael Meissner for LRS framework, ia32, m32r, v850, m88k, MIPS,
     powerpc, haifa, ECOFF debug support, and other assorted hacking.

   * Jason Merrill for his direction via the steering committee and
     leading the g++ effort.

   * David Miller for his direction via the steering committee, lots of
     SPARC work, improvements in jump.c and interfacing with the Linux
     kernel developers.

   * Gary Miller ported GCC to Charles River Data Systems machines.

   * Alfred Minarik for libstdc++ string and ios bug fixes, and turning
     the entire libstdc++ testsuite namespace-compatible.

   * Mark Mitchell for his direction via the steering committee,
     mountains of C++ work, load/store hoisting out of loops, alias
     analysis improvements, ISO C `restrict' support, and serving as
     release manager for GCC 3.x.

   * Alan Modra for various GNU/Linux bits and testing.

   * Toon Moene for his direction via the steering committee, Fortran
     maintenance, and his ongoing work to make us make Fortran run fast.

   * Jason Molenda for major help in the care and feeding of all the
     services on the gcc.gnu.org (formerly egcs.cygnus.com)
     machine--mail, web services, ftp services, etc etc.  Doing all
     this work on scrap paper and the backs of envelopes would have
     been... difficult.

   * Catherine Moore for fixing various ugly problems we have sent her
     way, including the haifa bug which was killing the Alpha & PowerPC
     Linux kernels.

   * Mike Moreton for his various Java patches.

   * David Mosberger-Tang for various Alpha improvements.

   * Stephen Moshier contributed the floating point emulator that
     assists in cross-compilation and permits support for floating
     point numbers wider than 64 bits and for ISO C99 support.

   * Bill Moyer for his behind the scenes work on various issues.

   * Philippe De Muyter for his work on the m68k port.

   * Joseph S. Myers for his work on the PDP-11 port, format checking
     and ISO C99 support, and continuous emphasis on (and contributions
     to) documentation.

   * Nathan Myers for his work on libstdc++-v3: architecture and
     authorship through the first three snapshots, including
     implementation of locale infrastructure, string, shadow C headers,
     and the initial project documentation (DESIGN, CHECKLIST, and so
     forth).  Later, more work on MT-safe string and shadow headers.

   * Felix Natter for documentation on porting libstdc++.

   * Nathanael Nerode for cleaning up the configuration/build process.

   * NeXT, Inc. donated the front end that supports the Objective-C
     language.

   * Hans-Peter Nilsson for the CRIS and MMIX ports, improvements to
     the search engine setup, various documentation fixes and other
     small fixes.

   * Geoff Noer for this work on getting cygwin native builds working.

   * Diego Novillo for his SPEC performance tracking web pages and
     assorted fixes in the middle end and various back ends.

   * David O'Brien for the FreeBSD/alpha, FreeBSD/AMD x86-64,
     FreeBSD/ARM, FreeBSD/PowerPC, and FreeBSD/SPARC64 ports and
     related infrastructure improvements.

   * Alexandre Oliva for various build infrastructure improvements,
     scripts and amazing testing work, including keeping libtool issues
     sane and happy.

   * Melissa O'Neill for various NeXT fixes.

   * Rainer Orth for random MIPS work, including improvements to our o32
     ABI support, improvements to dejagnu's MIPS support, Java
     configuration clean-ups and porting work, etc.

   * Hartmut Penner for work on the s390 port.

   * Paul Petersen wrote the machine description for the Alliant FX/8.

   * Alexandre Petit-Bianco for implementing much of the Java compiler
     and continued Java maintainership.

   * Matthias Pfaller for major improvements to the NS32k port.

   * Gerald Pfeifer for his direction via the steering committee,
     pointing out lots of problems we need to solve, maintenance of the
     web pages, and taking care of documentation maintenance in general.

   * Ovidiu Predescu for his work on the Objective-C front end and
     runtime libraries.

   * Ken Raeburn for various improvements to checker, MIPS ports and
     various cleanups in the compiler.

   * Rolf W. Rasmussen for hacking on AWT.

   * David Reese of Sun Microsystems contributed to the Solaris on
     PowerPC port.

   * Volker Reichelt for keeping up with the problem reports.

   * Joern Rennecke for maintaining the sh port, loop, regmove & reload
     hacking.

   * Loren J. Rittle for improvements to libstdc++-v3 including the
     FreeBSD port, threading fixes, thread-related configury changes,
     critical threading documentation, and solutions to really tricky
     I/O problems, as well as keeping GCC properly working on FreeBSD
     and continuous testing.

   * Craig Rodrigues for processing tons of bug reports.

   * Gavin Romig-Koch for lots of behind the scenes MIPS work.

   * Ken Rose for fixes to our delay slot filling code.

   * Paul Rubin wrote most of the preprocessor.

   * Chip Salzenberg for libstdc++ patches and improvements to locales,
     traits, Makefiles, libio, libtool hackery, and "long long" support.

   * Juha Sarlin for improvements to the H8 code generator.

   * Greg Satz assisted in making GCC work on HP-UX for the 9000 series
     300.

   * Roger Sayle for improvements to constant folding and GCC's RTL
     optimizers as well as for fixing numerous bugs.

   * Bradley Schatz for his work on the GCJ FAQ.

   * Peter Schauer wrote the code to allow debugging to work on the
     Alpha.

   * William Schelter did most of the work on the Intel 80386 support.

   * Bernd Schmidt for various code generation improvements and major
     work in the reload pass as well a serving as release manager for
     GCC 2.95.3.

   * Peter Schmid for constant testing of libstdc++ - especially
     application testing, going above and beyond what was requested for
     the release criteria - and libstdc++ header file tweaks.

   * Jason Schroeder for jcf-dump patches.

   * Andreas Schwab for his work on the m68k port.

   * Joel Sherrill for his direction via the steering committee, RTEMS
     contributions and RTEMS testing.

   * Nathan Sidwell for many C++ fixes/improvements.

   * Jeffrey Siegal for helping RMS with the original design of GCC,
     some code which handles the parse tree and RTL data structures,
     constant folding and help with the original VAX & m68k ports.

   * Kenny Simpson for prompting libstdc++ fixes due to defect reports
     from the LWG (thereby keeping us in line with updates from the
     ISO).

   * Franz Sirl for his ongoing work with making the PPC port stable
     for linux.

   * Andrey Slepuhin for assorted AIX hacking.

   * Christopher Smith did the port for Convex machines.

   * Danny Smith for his major efforts on the Mingw (and Cygwin) ports.

   * Randy Smith finished the Sun FPA support.

   * Scott Snyder for queue, iterator, istream, and string fixes and
     libstdc++ testsuite entries.

   * Brad Spencer for contributions to the GLIBCPP_FORCE_NEW technique.

   * Richard Stallman, for writing the original gcc and launching the
     GNU project.

   * Jan Stein of the Chalmers Computer Society provided support for
     Genix, as well as part of the 32000 machine description.

   * Nigel Stephens for various mips16 related fixes/improvements.

   * Jonathan Stone wrote the machine description for the Pyramid
     computer.

   * Graham Stott for various infrastructure improvements.

   * John Stracke for his Java HTTP protocol fixes.

   * Mike Stump for his Elxsi port, g++ contributions over the years
     and more recently his vxworks contributions

   * Jeff Sturm for Java porting help, bug fixes, and encouragement.

   * Shigeya Suzuki for this fixes for the bsdi platforms.

   * Ian Lance Taylor for his mips16 work, general configury hacking,
     fixincludes, etc.

   * Holger Teutsch provided the support for the Clipper CPU.

   * Gary Thomas for his ongoing work to make the PPC work for
     GNU/Linux.

   * Philipp Thomas for random bug fixes throughout the compiler

   * Jason Thorpe for thread support in libstdc++ on NetBSD.

   * Kresten Krab Thorup wrote the run time support for the Objective-C
     language and the fantastic Java bytecode interpreter.

   * Michael Tiemann for random bug fixes, the first instruction
     scheduler, initial C++ support, function integration, NS32k, SPARC
     and M88k machine description work, delay slot scheduling.

   * Andreas Tobler for his work porting libgcj to Darwin.

   * Teemu Torma for thread safe exception handling support.

   * Leonard Tower wrote parts of the parser, RTL generator, and RTL
     definitions, and of the VAX machine description.

   * Tom Tromey for internationalization support and for his many Java
     contributions and libgcj maintainership.

   * Lassi Tuura for improvements to config.guess to determine HP
     processor types.

   * Petter Urkedal for libstdc++ CXXFLAGS, math, and algorithms fixes.

   * Brent Verner for work with the libstdc++ cshadow files and their
     associated configure steps.

   * Todd Vierling for contributions for NetBSD ports.

   * Jonathan Wakely for contributing libstdc++ Doxygen notes and XHTML
     guidance.

   * Dean Wakerley for converting the install documentation from HTML
     to texinfo in time for GCC 3.0.

   * Krister Walfridsson for random bug fixes.

   * Stephen M. Webb for time and effort on making libstdc++ shadow
     files work with the tricky Solaris 8+ headers, and for pushing the
     build-time header tree.

   * John Wehle for various improvements for the x86 code generator,
     related infrastructure improvements to help x86 code generation,
     value range propagation and other work, WE32k port.

   * Ulrich Weigand for work on the s390 port.

   * Zack Weinberg for major work on cpplib and various other bug fixes.

   * Matt Welsh for help with Linux Threads support in GCJ.

   * Urban Widmark for help fixing java.io.

   * Mark Wielaard for new Java library code and his work integrating
     with Classpath.

   * Dale Wiles helped port GCC to the Tahoe.

   * Bob Wilson from Tensilica, Inc. for the Xtensa port.

   * Jim Wilson for his direction via the steering committee, tackling
     hard problems in various places that nobody else wanted to work
     on, strength reduction and other loop optimizations.

   * Carlo Wood for various fixes.

   * Tom Wood for work on the m88k port.

   * Masanobu Yuhara of Fujitsu Laboratories implemented the machine
     description for the Tron architecture (specifically, the Gmicro).

   * Kevin Zachmann helped ported GCC to the Tahoe.

   * Gilles Zunino for help porting Java to Irix.


   In addition to the above, all of which also contributed time and
energy in testing GCC, we would like to thank the following for their
contributions to testing:

   * Michael Abd-El-Malek

   * Thomas Arend

   * Bonzo Armstrong

   * Steven Ashe

   * Chris Baldwin

   * David Billinghurst

   * Jim Blandy

   * Stephane Bortzmeyer

   * Horst von Brand

   * Frank Braun

   * Rodney Brown

   * Sidney Cadot

   * Bradford Castalia

   * Ralph Doncaster

   * Richard Emberson

   * Levente Farkas

   * Graham Fawcett

   * Robert A. French

   * Jo"rgen Freyh

   * Mark K. Gardner

   * Charles-Antoine Gauthier

   * Yung Shing Gene

   * David Gilbert

   * Simon Gornall

   * Fred Gray

   * John Griffin

   * Patrik Hagglund

   * Phil Hargett

   * Amancio Hasty

   * Bryan W. Headley

   * Kevin B. Hendricks

   * Joep Jansen

   * Christian Joensson

   * David Kidd

   * Tobias Kuipers

   * Anand Krishnaswamy

   * llewelly

   * Damon Love

   * Brad Lucier

   * Matthias Klose

   * Martin Knoblauch

   * Jesse Macnish

   * Stefan Morrell

   * Anon A. Mous

   * Matthias Mueller

   * Pekka Nikander

   * Jon Olson

   * Magnus Persson

   * Chris Pollard

   * Richard Polton

   * David Rees

   * Paul Reilly

   * Tom Reilly

   * Torsten Rueger

   * Danny Sadinoff

   * Marc Schifer

   * David Schuler

   * Vin Shelton

   * Tim Souder

   * Adam Sulmicki

   * George Talbot

   * Gregory Warnes

   * David E. Young

   * And many others

   And finally we'd like to thank everyone who uses the compiler,
submits bug reports and generally reminds us why we're doing this work
in the first place.

