Encoding            package:base            R Documentation(latin1)

Read or Set the Declared Encodings for a Character Vector

Description:

     Read or set the declared encodings for a character vector.

Usage:

     Encoding(x)

     Encoding(x) <- value

Arguments:

       x: A character vector.

   value: A character vector of positive length.

Details:

     Character strings in R can be declared to be in '"latin1"' or
     '"UTF-8"'.  These declarations can be read by 'Encoding', which
     will return a character vector of values '"latin1"', '"UTF-8"' or
     '"unknown"', or set, when 'value' is recycled as needed and other
     values are silently treated as '"unknown"'.

     There are other ways for character strings to acquire a declared
     encoding apart from explicitly setting it.  Functions 'scan',
     'read.table', 'readLines', 'parse' and  'source' have an
     'encoding' argument that is used to declare encodings, 'iconv'
     declares encodings from its 'from' argument, and console input in
     suitable locales is also declared.

Value:

     A character vector.

Examples:

     ## x is intended to be in latin1
     x <- "fa\xE7ile"
     Encoding(x)
     Encoding(x) <- "latin1"
     x
     xx <- iconv(x, "latin1", "UTF-8")
     Encoding(c(x, xx))
     c(x, xx)

