


DNSSEC-KEYGEN(8)              BIND9              DNSSEC-KEYGEN(8)


NAME
       dnssec-keygen - DNSSEC key generation tool

SYNOPSIS
       dnssec-keygen {-a algorithm} {-b keysize} {-n nametype}
                     [-c class] [-e] [-f flag] [-g generator]
                     [-h] [-k] [-p protocol] [-r randomdev]
                     [-s strength] [-t type] [-v level] {name}

DESCRIPTION
       dnssec-keygen generates keys for DNSSEC (Secure DNS), as
       defined in RFC 2535 and RFC 4034. It can also generate
       keys for use with TSIG (Transaction Signatures), as
       defined in RFC 2845.

OPTIONS
       -a algorithm
           Selects the cryptographic algorithm. The value of
           algorithm must be one of RSAMD5 (RSA) or RSASHA1, DSA,
           DH (Diffie Hellman), or HMAC-MD5. These values are
           case insensitive.

           Note 1: that for DNSSEC, RSASHA1 is a mandatory to
           implement algorithm, and DSA is recommended. For TSIG,
           HMAC-MD5 is mandatory.

           Note 2: HMAC-MD5 and DH automatically set the -k flag.

       -b keysize
           Specifies the number of bits in the key. The choice of
           key size depends on the algorithm used. RSAMD5 /
           RSASHA1 keys must be between 512 and 2048 bits. Diffie
           Hellman keys must be between 128 and 4096 bits. DSA
           keys must be between 512 and 1024 bits and an exact
           multiple of 64. HMAC-MD5 keys must be between 1 and
           512 bits.

       -n nametype
           Specifies the owner type of the key. The value of
           nametype must either be ZONE (for a DNSSEC zone key
           (KEY/DNSKEY)), HOST or ENTITY (for a key associated
           with a host (KEY)), USER (for a key associated with a
           user(KEY)) or OTHER (DNSKEY). These values are case
           insensitive.

       -c class
           Indicates that the DNS record containing the key
           should have the specified class. If not specified,
           class IN is used.

       -e
           If generating an RSAMD5/RSASHA1 key, use a large
           exponent.




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DNSSEC-KEYGEN(8)              BIND9              DNSSEC-KEYGEN(8)


       -f flag
           Set the specified flag in the flag field of the
           KEY/DNSKEY record. The only recognized flag is KSK
           (Key Signing Key) DNSKEY.

       -g generator
           If generating a Diffie Hellman key, use this
           generator. Allowed values are 2 and 5. If no generator
           is specified, a known prime from RFC 2539 will be used
           if possible; otherwise the default is 2.

       -h
           Prints a short summary of the options and arguments to
           dnssec-keygen.

       -k
           Generate KEY records rather than DNSKEY records.

       -p protocol
           Sets the protocol value for the generated key. The
           protocol is a number between 0 and 255. The default is
           3 (DNSSEC). Other possible values for this argument
           are listed in RFC 2535 and its successors.

       -r randomdev
           Specifies the source of randomness. If the operating
           system does not provide a /dev/random or equivalent
           device, the default source of randomness is keyboard
           input.  randomdev specifies the name of a character
           device or file containing random data to be used
           instead of the default. The special value keyboard
           indicates that keyboard input should be used.

       -s strength
           Specifies the strength value of the key. The strength
           is a number between 0 and 15, and currently has no
           defined purpose in DNSSEC.

       -t type
           Indicates the use of the key.  type must be one of
           AUTHCONF, NOAUTHCONF, NOAUTH, or NOCONF. The default
           is AUTHCONF. AUTH refers to the ability to
           authenticate data, and CONF the ability to encrypt
           data.

       -v level
           Sets the debugging level.

GENERATED KEYS
       When dnssec-keygen completes successfully, it prints a
       string of the form Knnnn.+aaa+iiiii to the standard
       output. This is an identification string for the key it
       has generated.




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DNSSEC-KEYGEN(8)              BIND9              DNSSEC-KEYGEN(8)


       o   nnnn is the key name.

       o   aaa is the numeric representation of the algorithm.

       o   iiiii is the key identifier (or footprint).

       dnssec-keygen creates two files, with names based on the
       printed string.  Knnnn.+aaa+iiiii.key contains the public
       key, and Knnnn.+aaa+iiiii.private contains the private
       key.

       The file contains a DNS KEY record that can be inserted
       into a zone file (directly or with a $INCLUDE statement).

       The file contains algorithm-specific fields. For obvious
       security reasons, this file does not have general read
       permission.

       Both and files are generated for symmetric encryption
       algorithms such as HMAC-MD5, even though the public and
       private key are equivalent.

EXAMPLE
       To generate a 768-bit DSA key for the domain example.com,
       the following command would be issued:

       dnssec-keygen -a DSA -b 768 -n ZONE example.com

       The command would print a string of the form:

       Kexample.com.+003+26160

       In this example, dnssec-keygen creates the files
       Kexample.com.+003+26160.key and
       Kexample.com.+003+26160.private.

SEE ALSO
       dnssec-signzone(8), BIND 9 Administrator Reference Manual,
       RFC 2535, RFC 2845, RFC 2539.

AUTHOR
       Internet Systems Consortium

COPYRIGHT
       Copyright (C) 2004, 2005, 2007 Internet Systems
       Consortium, Inc. ("ISC")
       Copyright (C) 2000-2003 Internet Software Consortium.










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