


IO::Compress::ZipPerl Programmers Reference IO::Compress::Zip(3p)


NAME
       IO::Compress::Zip - Write zip files/buffers

SYNOPSIS
           use IO::Compress::Zip qw(zip $ZipError) ;

           my $status = zip $input => $output [,OPTS]
               or die "zip failed: $ZipError\n";

           my $z = new IO::Compress::Zip $output [,OPTS]
               or die "zip failed: $ZipError\n";

           $z->print($string);
           $z->printf($format, $string);
           $z->write($string);
           $z->syswrite($string [, $length, $offset]);
           $z->flush();
           $z->tell();
           $z->eof();
           $z->seek($position, $whence);
           $z->binmode();
           $z->fileno();
           $z->opened();
           $z->autoflush();
           $z->input_line_number();
           $z->newStream( [OPTS] );

           $z->deflateParams();

           $z->close() ;

           $ZipError ;

           # IO::File mode

           print $z $string;
           printf $z $format, $string;
           tell $z
           eof $z
           seek $z, $position, $whence
           binmode $z
           fileno $z
           close $z ;

DESCRIPTION
       This module provides a Perl interface that allows writing
       zip compressed data to files or buffer.

       The primary purpose of this module is to provide streaming
       write access to zip files and buffers. It is not a
       general-purpose file archiver. If that is what you want,
       check out "Archive::Zip".

       At present three compression methods are supported by



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       IO::Compress::Zip, namely Store (no compression at all),
       Deflate and Bzip2.

       Note that to create Bzip2 content, the module
       "IO::Compress::Bzip2" must be installed.

       For reading zip files/buffers, see the companion module
       IO::Uncompress::Unzip.

Functional Interface
       A top-level function, "zip", is provided to carry out
       "one-shot" compression between buffers and/or files. For
       finer control over the compression process, see the "OO
       Interface" section.

           use IO::Compress::Zip qw(zip $ZipError) ;

           zip $input => $output [,OPTS]
               or die "zip failed: $ZipError\n";

       The functional interface needs Perl5.005 or better.

   zip $input => $output [, OPTS]
       "zip" expects at least two parameters, $input and $output.

       The $input parameter

       The parameter, $input, is used to define the source of the
       uncompressed data.

       It can take one of the following forms:

       A filename
            If the $input parameter is a simple scalar, it is
            assumed to be a filename. This file will be opened
            for reading and the input data will be read from it.

       A filehandle
            If the $input parameter is a filehandle, the input
            data will be read from it.  The string '-' can be
            used as an alias for standard input.

       A scalar reference
            If $input is a scalar reference, the input data will
            be read from $$input.

       An array reference
            If $input is an array reference, each element in the
            array must be a filename.

            The input data will be read from each file in turn.

            The complete array will be walked to ensure that it
            only contains valid filenames before any data is



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            compressed.

       An Input FileGlob string
            If $input is a string that is delimited by the
            characters "<" and ">" "zip" will assume that it is
            an input fileglob string. The input is the list of
            files that match the fileglob.

            If the fileglob does not match any files ...

            See File::GlobMapper for more details.

       If the $input parameter is any other type, "undef" will be
       returned.

       In addition, if $input is a simple filename, the default
       values for the "Name", "Time", "ExtAttr" and "exTime"
       options will be sourced from that file.

       If you do not want to use these defaults they can be
       overridden by explicitly setting the "Name", "Time",
       "ExtAttr" and "exTime" options or by setting the "Minimal"
       parameter.

       The $output parameter

       The parameter $output is used to control the destination
       of the compressed data. This parameter can take one of
       these forms.

       A filename
            If the $output parameter is a simple scalar, it is
            assumed to be a filename.  This file will be opened
            for writing and the compressed data will be written
            to it.

       A filehandle
            If the $output parameter is a filehandle, the
            compressed data will be written to it.  The string
            '-' can be used as an alias for standard output.

       A scalar reference
            If $output is a scalar reference, the compressed data
            will be stored in $$output.

       An Array Reference
            If $output is an array reference, the compressed data
            will be pushed onto the array.

       An Output FileGlob
            If $output is a string that is delimited by the
            characters "<" and ">" "zip" will assume that it is
            an output fileglob string. The output is the list of
            files that match the fileglob.



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            When $output is an fileglob string, $input must also
            be a fileglob string. Anything else is an error.

       If the $output parameter is any other type, "undef" will
       be returned.

   Notes
       When $input maps to multiple files/buffers and $output is
       a single file/buffer the input files/buffers will each be
       stored in $output as a distinct entry.

   Optional Parameters
       Unless specified below, the optional parameters for "zip",
       "OPTS", are the same as those used with the OO interface
       defined in the "Constructor Options" section below.

       "AutoClose => 0|1"
            This option applies to any input or output data
            streams to "zip" that are filehandles.

            If "AutoClose" is specified, and the value is true,
            it will result in all input and/or output filehandles
            being closed once "zip" has completed.

            This parameter defaults to 0.

       "BinModeIn => 0|1"
            When reading from a file or filehandle, set "binmode"
            before reading.

            Defaults to 0.

       "Append => 0|1"
            TODO

   Examples
       To read the contents of the file "file1.txt" and write the
       compressed data to the file "file1.txt.zip".

           use strict ;
           use warnings ;
           use IO::Compress::Zip qw(zip $ZipError) ;

           my $input = "file1.txt";
           zip $input => "$input.zip"
               or die "zip failed: $ZipError\n";

       To read from an existing Perl filehandle, $input, and
       write the compressed data to a buffer, $buffer.

           use strict ;
           use warnings ;
           use IO::Compress::Zip qw(zip $ZipError) ;
           use IO::File ;



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           my $input = new IO::File "<file1.txt"
               or die "Cannot open 'file1.txt': $!\n" ;
           my $buffer ;
           zip $input => \$buffer
               or die "zip failed: $ZipError\n";

       To compress all files in the directory "/my/home" that
       match "*.txt" and store the compressed data in the same
       directory

           use strict ;
           use warnings ;
           use IO::Compress::Zip qw(zip $ZipError) ;

           zip '</my/home/*.txt>' => '<*.zip>'
               or die "zip failed: $ZipError\n";

       and if you want to compress each file one at a time, this
       will do the trick

           use strict ;
           use warnings ;
           use IO::Compress::Zip qw(zip $ZipError) ;

           for my $input ( glob "/my/home/*.txt" )
           {
               my $output = "$input.zip" ;
               zip $input => $output
                   or die "Error compressing '$input': $ZipError\n";
           }

OO Interface
   Constructor
       The format of the constructor for "IO::Compress::Zip" is
       shown below

           my $z = new IO::Compress::Zip $output [,OPTS]
               or die "IO::Compress::Zip failed: $ZipError\n";

       It returns an "IO::Compress::Zip" object on success and
       undef on failure.  The variable $ZipError will contain an
       error message on failure.

       If you are running Perl 5.005 or better the object, $z,
       returned from IO::Compress::Zip can be used exactly like
       an IO::File filehandle.  This means that all normal output
       file operations can be carried out with $z.  For example,
       to write to a compressed file/buffer you can use either of
       these forms

           $z->print("hello world\n");
           print $z "hello world\n";




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       The mandatory parameter $output is used to control the
       destination of the compressed data. This parameter can
       take one of these forms.

       A filename
            If the $output parameter is a simple scalar, it is
            assumed to be a filename. This file will be opened
            for writing and the compressed data will be written
            to it.

       A filehandle
            If the $output parameter is a filehandle, the
            compressed data will be written to it.  The string
            '-' can be used as an alias for standard output.

       A scalar reference
            If $output is a scalar reference, the compressed data
            will be stored in $$output.

       If the $output parameter is any other type,
       "IO::Compress::Zip"::new will return undef.

   Constructor Options
       "OPTS" is any combination of the following options:

       "AutoClose => 0|1"
            This option is only valid when the $output parameter
            is a filehandle. If specified, and the value is true,
            it will result in the $output being closed once
            either the "close" method is called or the
            "IO::Compress::Zip" object is destroyed.

            This parameter defaults to 0.

       "Append => 0|1"
            Opens $output in append mode.

            The behaviour of this option is dependent on the type
            of $output.

            o    A Buffer

                 If $output is a buffer and "Append" is enabled,
                 all compressed data will be append to the end if
                 $output. Otherwise $output will be cleared
                 before any data is written to it.

            o    A Filename

                 If $output is a filename and "Append" is
                 enabled, the file will be opened in append mode.
                 Otherwise the contents of the file, if any, will
                 be truncated before any compressed data is
                 written to it.



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            o    A Filehandle

                 If $output is a filehandle, the file pointer
                 will be positioned to the end of the file via a
                 call to "seek" before any compressed data is
                 written to it.  Otherwise the file pointer will
                 not be moved.

            This parameter defaults to 0.

       "Name => $string"
            Stores the contents of $string in the zip filename
            header field. If "Name" is not specified, no zip
            filename field will be created.

       "Time => $number"
            Sets the last modified time field in the zip header
            to $number.

            This field defaults to the time the
            "IO::Compress::Zip" object was created if this option
            is not specified.

       "ExtAttr => $attr"
            This option controls the "external file attributes"
            field in the central header of the zip file. This is
            a 4 byte field.

            If you are running a Unix derivative this value
            defaults to

                0666 << 16

            This should allow read/write access to any files that
            are extracted from the zip file/buffer.

            For all other systems it defaults to 0.

       "exTime => [$atime, $mtime, $ctime]"
            This option expects an array reference with exactly
            three elements: $atime, "mtime" and $ctime. These
            correspond to the last access time, last modification
            time and creation time respectively.

            It uses these values to set the extended timestamp
            field (ID is "UT") in the local zip header using the
            three values, $atime, $mtime, $ctime. In addition it
            sets the extended timestamp field in the central zip
            header using $mtime.

            If any of the three values is "undef" that time value
            will not be used.  So, for example, to set only the
            $mtime you would use this




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                exTime => [undef, $mtime, undef]

            If the "Minimal" option is set to true, this option
            will be ignored.

            By default no extended time field is created.

       "exUnix2 => [$uid, $gid]"
            This option expects an array reference with exactly
            two elements: $uid and $gid. These values correspond
            to the numeric user ID and group ID of the owner of
            the files respectively.

            When the "exUnix2" option is present it will trigger
            the creation of a Unix2 extra field (ID is "Ux") in
            the local zip. This will be populated with $uid and
            $gid. In addition an empty Unix2 extra field will
            also be created in the central zip header

            If the "Minimal" option is set to true, this option
            will be ignored.

            By default no Unix2 extra field is created.

       "Comment => $comment"
            Stores the contents of $comment in the Central File
            Header of the zip file.

            By default, no comment field is written to the zip
            file.

       "ZipComment => $comment"
            Stores the contents of $comment in the End of Central
            Directory record of the zip file.

            By default, no comment field is written to the zip
            file.

       "Method => $method"
            Controls which compression method is used. At present
            three compression methods are supported, namely Store
            (no compression at all), Deflate and Bzip2.

            The symbols, ZIP_CM_STORE, ZIP_CM_DEFLATE and
            ZIP_CM_BZIP2 are used to select the compression
            method.

            These constants are not imported by
            "IO::Compress::Zip" by default.

                use IO::Compress::Zip qw(:zip_method);
                use IO::Compress::Zip qw(:constants);
                use IO::Compress::Zip qw(:all);




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            Note that to create Bzip2 content, the module
            "IO::Compress::Bzip2" must be installed. A fatal
            error will be thrown if you attempt to create Bzip2
            content when "IO::Compress::Bzip2" is not available.

            The default method is ZIP_CM_DEFLATE.

       "Stream => 0|1"
            This option controls whether the zip file/buffer
            output is created in streaming mode.

            Note that when outputting to a file with streaming
            mode disabled ("Stream" is 0), the output file must
            be seekable.

            The default is 1.

       "Zip64 => 0|1"
            Create a Zip64 zip file/buffer. This option should
            only be used if you want to store files larger than 4
            Gig.

            If you intend to manipulate the Zip64 zip files
            created with this module using an external zip/unzip
            make sure that it supports streaming Zip64.

            In particular, if you are using Info-Zip you need to
            have zip version 3.x or better to update a Zip64
            archive and unzip version 6.x to read a zip64
            archive. At the time of writing both are beta status.

            When the "Zip64" option is enabled, the "Stream"
            option must be enabled as well.

            The default is 0.

       "TextFlag => 0|1"
            This parameter controls the setting of a bit in the
            zip central header. It is used to signal that the
            data stored in the zip file/buffer is probably text.

            The default is 0.

       "ExtraFieldLocal => $data" =item "ExtraFieldCentral =>
       $data"
            The "ExtraFieldLocal" option is used to store
            additional metadata in the local header for the zip
            file/buffer. The "ExtraFieldCentral" does the same
            for the matching central header.

            An extra field consists of zero or more subfields.
            Each subfield consists of a two byte header followed
            by the subfield data.




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            The list of subfields can be supplied in any of the
            following formats

                ExtraFieldLocal => [$id1, $data1,
                                    $id2, $data2,
                                     ...
                                   ]

                ExtraFieldLocal => [ [$id1 => $data1],
                                     [$id2 => $data2],
                                     ...
                                   ]

                ExtraFieldLocal => { $id1 => $data1,
                                     $id2 => $data2,
                                     ...
                                   }

            Where $id1, $id2 are two byte subfield ID's.

            If you use the hash syntax, you have no control over
            the order in which the ExtraSubFields are stored,
            plus you cannot have SubFields with duplicate ID.

            Alternatively the list of subfields can by supplied
            as a scalar, thus

                ExtraField => $rawdata

            The Extended Time field (ID "UT"), set using the
            "exTime" option, and the Unix2 extra field (ID "Ux),
            set using the "exUnix2" option, are examples of extra
            fields.

            If the "Minimal" option is set to true, this option
            will be ignored.

            The maximum size of an extra field 65535 bytes.

       "Minimal => 1|0"
            If specified, this option will disable the creation
            of all extra fields in the zip local and central
            headers. So the "exTime", "exUnix2",
            "ExtraFieldLocal" and "ExtraFieldCentral" options
            will be ignored.

            This parameter defaults to 0.

       "BlockSize100K => number"
            Specify the number of 100K blocks bzip2 uses during
            compression.

            Valid values are from 1 to 9, where 9 is best
            compression.



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            This option is only valid if the "Method" is
            ZIP_CM_BZIP2. It is ignored otherwise.

            The default is 1.

       "WorkFactor => number"
            Specifies how much effort bzip2 should take before
            resorting to a slower fallback compression algorithm.

            Valid values range from 0 to 250, where 0 means use
            the default value 30.

            This option is only valid if the "Method" is
            ZIP_CM_BZIP2. It is ignored otherwise.

            The default is 0.

       -Level
            Defines the compression level used by zlib. The value
            should either be a number between 0 and 9 (0 means no
            compression and 9 is maximum compression), or one of
            the symbolic constants defined below.

               Z_NO_COMPRESSION
               Z_BEST_SPEED
               Z_BEST_COMPRESSION
               Z_DEFAULT_COMPRESSION

            The default is Z_DEFAULT_COMPRESSION.

            Note, these constants are not imported by
            "IO::Compress::Zip" by default.

                use IO::Compress::Zip qw(:strategy);
                use IO::Compress::Zip qw(:constants);
                use IO::Compress::Zip qw(:all);

       -Strategy
            Defines the strategy used to tune the compression.
            Use one of the symbolic constants defined below.

               Z_FILTERED
               Z_HUFFMAN_ONLY
               Z_RLE
               Z_FIXED
               Z_DEFAULT_STRATEGY

            The default is Z_DEFAULT_STRATEGY.

       "Strict => 0|1"
            This is a placeholder option.

   Examples
       TODO



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Methods
   print
       Usage is

           $z->print($data)
           print $z $data

       Compresses and outputs the contents of the $data
       parameter. This has the same behaviour as the "print"
       built-in.

       Returns true if successful.

   printf
       Usage is

           $z->printf($format, $data)
           printf $z $format, $data

       Compresses and outputs the contents of the $data
       parameter.

       Returns true if successful.

   syswrite
       Usage is

           $z->syswrite $data
           $z->syswrite $data, $length
           $z->syswrite $data, $length, $offset

       Compresses and outputs the contents of the $data
       parameter.

       Returns the number of uncompressed bytes written, or
       "undef" if unsuccessful.

   write
       Usage is

           $z->write $data
           $z->write $data, $length
           $z->write $data, $length, $offset

       Compresses and outputs the contents of the $data
       parameter.

       Returns the number of uncompressed bytes written, or
       "undef" if unsuccessful.

   flush
       Usage is





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           $z->flush;
           $z->flush($flush_type);

       Flushes any pending compressed data to the output
       file/buffer.

       This method takes an optional parameter, $flush_type, that
       controls how the flushing will be carried out. By default
       the $flush_type used is "Z_FINISH". Other valid values for
       $flush_type are "Z_NO_FLUSH", "Z_SYNC_FLUSH",
       "Z_FULL_FLUSH" and "Z_BLOCK". It is strongly recommended
       that you only set the "flush_type" parameter if you fully
       understand the implications of what it does - overuse of
       "flush" can seriously degrade the level of compression
       achieved. See the "zlib" documentation for details.

       Returns true on success.

   tell
       Usage is

           $z->tell()
           tell $z

       Returns the uncompressed file offset.

   eof
       Usage is

           $z->eof();
           eof($z);

       Returns true if the "close" method has been called.

   seek
           $z->seek($position, $whence);
           seek($z, $position, $whence);

       Provides a sub-set of the "seek" functionality, with the
       restriction that it is only legal to seek forward in the
       output file/buffer.  It is a fatal error to attempt to
       seek backward.

       Empty parts of the file/buffer will have NULL (0x00) bytes
       written to them.

       The $whence parameter takes one the usual values, namely
       SEEK_SET, SEEK_CUR or SEEK_END.

       Returns 1 on success, 0 on failure.

   binmode
       Usage is




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           $z->binmode
           binmode $z ;

       This is a noop provided for completeness.

   opened
           $z->opened()

       Returns true if the object currently refers to a opened
       file/buffer.

   autoflush
           my $prev = $z->autoflush()
           my $prev = $z->autoflush(EXPR)

       If the $z object is associated with a file or a
       filehandle, this method returns the current autoflush
       setting for the underlying filehandle. If "EXPR" is
       present, and is non-zero, it will enable flushing after
       every write/print operation.

       If $z is associated with a buffer, this method has no
       effect and always returns "undef".

       Note that the special variable $| cannot be used to set or
       retrieve the autoflush setting.

   input_line_number
           $z->input_line_number()
           $z->input_line_number(EXPR)

       This method always returns "undef" when compressing.

   fileno
           $z->fileno()
           fileno($z)

       If the $z object is associated with a file or a
       filehandle, "fileno" will return the underlying file
       descriptor. Once the "close" method is called "fileno"
       will return "undef".

       If the $z object is is associated with a buffer, this
       method will return "undef".

   close
           $z->close() ;
           close $z ;

       Flushes any pending compressed data and then closes the
       output file/buffer.

       For most versions of Perl this method will be
       automatically invoked if the IO::Compress::Zip object is



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       destroyed (either explicitly or by the variable with the
       reference to the object going out of scope). The
       exceptions are Perl versions 5.005 through 5.00504 and
       5.8.0. In these cases, the "close" method will be called
       automatically, but not until global destruction of all
       live objects when the program is terminating.

       Therefore, if you want your scripts to be able to run on
       all versions of Perl, you should call "close" explicitly
       and not rely on automatic closing.

       Returns true on success, otherwise 0.

       If the "AutoClose" option has been enabled when the
       IO::Compress::Zip object was created, and the object is
       associated with a file, the underlying file will also be
       closed.

   newStream([OPTS])
       Usage is

           $z->newStream( [OPTS] )

       Closes the current compressed data stream and starts a new
       one.

       OPTS consists of any of the the options that are available
       when creating the $z object.

       See the "Constructor Options" section for more details.

   deflateParams
       Usage is

           $z->deflateParams

       TODO

Importing
       A number of symbolic constants are required by some
       methods in "IO::Compress::Zip". None are imported by
       default.

       :all Imports "zip", $ZipError and all symbolic constants
            that can be used by "IO::Compress::Zip". Same as
            doing this

                use IO::Compress::Zip qw(zip $ZipError :constants) ;

       :constants
            Import all symbolic constants. Same as doing this

                use IO::Compress::Zip qw(:flush :level :strategy :zip_method) ;




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       :flush
            These symbolic constants are used by the "flush"
            method.

                Z_NO_FLUSH
                Z_PARTIAL_FLUSH
                Z_SYNC_FLUSH
                Z_FULL_FLUSH
                Z_FINISH
                Z_BLOCK

       :level
            These symbolic constants are used by the "Level"
            option in the constructor.

                Z_NO_COMPRESSION
                Z_BEST_SPEED
                Z_BEST_COMPRESSION
                Z_DEFAULT_COMPRESSION

       :strategy
            These symbolic constants are used by the "Strategy"
            option in the constructor.

                Z_FILTERED
                Z_HUFFMAN_ONLY
                Z_RLE
                Z_FIXED
                Z_DEFAULT_STRATEGY

       :zip_method
            These symbolic constants are used by the "Method"
            option in the constructor.

                ZIP_CM_STORE
                ZIP_CM_DEFLATE
                ZIP_CM_BZIP2

EXAMPLES
   Apache::GZip Revisited
       See IO::Compress::FAQ

   Working with Net::FTP
       See IO::Compress::FAQ

SEE ALSO
       Compress::Zlib, IO::Compress::Gzip,
       IO::Uncompress::Gunzip, IO::Compress::Deflate,
       IO::Uncompress::Inflate, IO::Compress::RawDeflate,
       IO::Uncompress::RawInflate, IO::Compress::Bzip2,
       IO::Uncompress::Bunzip2, IO::Compress::Lzop,
       IO::Uncompress::UnLzop, IO::Compress::Lzf,
       IO::Uncompress::UnLzf, IO::Uncompress::AnyInflate,
       IO::Uncompress::AnyUncompress



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       Compress::Zlib::FAQ

       File::GlobMapper, Archive::Zip, Archive::Tar, IO::Zlib

       For RFC 1950, 1951 and 1952 see
       http://www.faqs.org/rfcs/rfc1950.html,
       http://www.faqs.org/rfcs/rfc1951.html and
       http://www.faqs.org/rfcs/rfc1952.html

       The zlib compression library was written by Jean-loup
       Gailly gzip@prep.ai.mit.edu and Mark Adler
       madler@alumni.caltech.edu.

       The primary site for the zlib compression library is
       http://www.zlib.org.

       The primary site for gzip is http://www.gzip.org.

AUTHOR
       This module was written by Paul Marquess, pmqs@cpan.org.

MODIFICATION HISTORY
       See the Changes file.

COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
       Copyright (c) 2005-2009 Paul Marquess. All rights
       reserved.

       This program is free software; you can redistribute it
       and/or modify it under the same terms as Perl itself.



























perl v5.10.1                2009-10-12                         17


