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  <info>
    <link type="guide" xref="user-accounts#privileges"/>

    <revision pkgversion="3.8.0" date="2013-03-09" status="candidate"/>
    <revision pkgversion="3.10" date="2013-11-03" status="review"/>
    <revision pkgversion="3.13.92" date="2014-09-22" status="review"/>

    <credit type="author">
      <name>GNOME 文档项目</name>
      <email its:translate="no">gnome-doc-list@gnome.org</email>
    </credit>
    <credit type="editor">
      <name>Ekaterina Gerasimova</name>
      <email its:translate="no">kittykat3756@gmail.com</email>
    </credit>

    <include xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude" href="legal.xml"/>

    <desc>You need administrative privileges to change important parts of your
    system.</desc>
  
    <mal:credit xmlns:mal="http://projectmallard.org/1.0/" type="translator copyright">
      <mal:name>TeliuTe</mal:name>
      <mal:email>teliute@163.com</mal:email>
      <mal:years>2011, 2012</mal:years>
    </mal:credit>
  </info>

  <title>管理员权限是如何工作的呢？</title>

  <p>与<em>您</em>新建的文件一样，您的计算机也有很多系统正常运行所需的文件。如果这些重要的<em>系统文件</em>被不当更改，会导致多种项目遭到破坏，因此在默认情况下保护会这些文件不受更改。特定的应用程序也会修改系统的重要部分，因此也受保护。</p>

  <p>The way that they are protected is by only allowing users with
  <em>administrative privileges</em> to change the files or use the
  applications. In day-to-day use, you will not need to change any system files
  or use these applications, so by default you do not have administrative
  privileges.</p>

  <p>Sometimes you need to use these applications, so you may be able to
  temporarily get administrative privileges to allow you to make the changes.
  If an application needs administrative privileges, it will ask for your
  password. For example, if you want to install some new software, the software
  installer (package manager) will ask for your administrator password so it
  can add the new application to the system. Once it has finished, your
  administrative privileges will be taken away again.</p>

  <p>Administrative privileges are associated with your user account.
  <gui>Administrator</gui> users are allowed to have these privileges while
  <gui>Standard</gui> users are not. Without administrative privileges you will
  not be able to install software. Some user accounts (for example, the "root"
  account) have permanent administrative privileges. You should not use
  administrative privileges all of the time, because you might accidentally
  change something you did not intend to (like delete a needed system file, for
  example).</p>

  <p>In summary, administrative privileges allow you to change important parts
  of your system when needed, but prevent you from doing it accidentally.</p>

  <note>
    <title>“超级用户”是什么意思？</title>
    <p>A user with administrative privileges is sometimes called a <em>super
    user</em>. This is simply because that user has more privileges than normal
    users. You might see people discussing things like <cmd>su</cmd> and
    <cmd>sudo</cmd>; these are programs for temporarily giving you "super user"
    (administrative) privileges.</p>
  </note>

<section id="advantages">
  <title>Why are administrative privileges useful?</title>

  <p>Requiring users to have administrative privileges before important system
  changes are made is useful because it helps to prevent your system from being
  broken, intentionally or unintentionally.</p>

  <p>If you had administrative privileges all of the time, you might
  accidentally change an important file, or run an application which changes
  something important by mistake. Only getting administrative privileges
  temporarily, when you need them, reduces the risk of these mistakes
  happening.</p>

  <p>Only certain trusted users should be allowed to have administrative
  privileges. This prevents other users from messing with the computer and
  doing things like uninstalling applications that you need, installing
  applications that you don't want, or changing important files. This is useful
  from a security standpoint.</p>

</section>

</page>
