The Project Gutenberg eBook of The Yale Literary Magazine (Vol. LXXXVIII, No. 8), by (Students of Yale)

This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere in the United States and most other parts of the world at no cost and with almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org. If you are not located in the United States, you will have to check the laws of the country where you are located before using this eBook.

Title: The Yale Literary Magazine (Vol. LXXXVIII, No. 8)

Author: (Students of Yale)

Release Date: May 10, 2022 [eBook #68046]

Language: English

Produced by: hekula03 and the Online Distributed Proofreading Team at https://www.pgdp.net (This book was produced from images made available by the HathiTrust Digital Library.)

*** START OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK THE YALE LITERARY MAGAZINE (VOL. LXXXVIII, NO. 8) ***

Vol. LXXXVIII No. 8

The
Yale Literary Magazine

Conducted by the
Students of Yale University.

“Dum mens grata manet, nomen laudesque Yalenses
Cantabunt Soboles, unanimique Patres.”

May, 1923.

New Haven: Published by the Editors.
Printed at the Van Dyck Press, 121-123 Olive St., New Haven.

Price: Thirty-five Cents.

Entered as second-class matter at the New Haven Post Office.


ESTABLISHED 1818

Brooks Brothers,
CLOTHING, Gentlemen’s Furnishing Goods.

MADISON AVENUE COR. FORTY-FOURTH STREET NEW YORK

Clothing for the Tennis Player and the Golfer

The next visit of our Representative
to the HOTEL TAFT
will be on May 30 and 31

BOSTON
Tremont cor. Boylston

NEWPORT
220 Bellevue Avenue

THE YALE CO-OP.

A Story of Progress

At the close of the fiscal year, July, 1921, the total membership was 1187.

For the same period ending July, 1922, the membership was 1696.

On May 1st, 1923, the membership was 1922, and men are still joining.

Why stay out when a membership will save you manifold times the cost of the fee.


THE YALE LITERARY MAGAZINE

Contents

MAY, 1923

Leader Laird Shields Goldsborough 245
The Acolyte Herbert W. Hartman, Jr. 249
Chopin Arthur Milliken 250
The Bells of Antwerp Morris Tyler 251
Rhapsody Arthur Milliken 253
Offering D. G. Carter 254
Gabrielle Bartholow Lewis P. Curtis 255
A Little Learning Laird Goldsborough 268
Notabilia: On the Francis Bergen Medal Maxwell E. Foster 273
Book Reviews 274
Editor’s Table 277

[245]

The Yale Literary Magazine

Vol. LXXXVIII MAY, 1923 No. 8

EDITORS

WALTER EDWARDS HOUGHTON, JR.
LAIRD SHIELDS GOLDSBOROUGH DAVID GILLIS CARTER
MORRIS TYLER NORMAN REGINALD JAFFRAY

BUSINESS MANAGERS

GEORGE W. P. HEFFELFINGER   WALTER CRAFTS

Leader

There be two handles to all things in this world, one called the good, and one the bad. But a man may lay hold of anything by whichever handle shall please him best.—Old Stoic Maxim.

It has been usual, in the past, for Editors of The Yale Literary Magazine to express themselves as strongly opposed to something, when engaged in writing a leader. Two recent leaders have varied this procedure to the extent of declaring the opposition of their authors to opposition, but the principle of being opposed to something remains. At the present moment, it occurs to us that it might be interesting to suppose correct a few of the pessimistic opinions held by that rather noisy group whom we shall call The Troubled Spirits. On the basis of these suppositions, we shall then try to show that, bad as things are, there still remain a few bright spots lurking in unsuspected corners of the very evils whose existence we are admitting, for the sake of argument.

A convenient starting point may perhaps be found in the Compulsory Sunday Chapel question. It can be urged that the two services now provided prevent anyone from claiming that he is[246] forced to listen to propaganda in the form of a sermon, on Sunday. But The Troubled Spirits, whose positions we are now admitting, regard the matter differently. If we are correctly informed, they consider it a fact, however unpleasant, that the average Yale student feels a very real, if unofficial, compulsion to attend whichever Sunday service is held at a later hour than the other. The Troubled Spirits defy the University to hold the short service at eleven o’clock, and the long one at ten—believing that their position would be more than vindicated by the lack of attendance at the earlier service. In short, so far as The Troubled Spirits are concerned, Sunday service is at eleven o’clock, and contains a sermon varying in length from twenty minutes to half an hour.

But after allowing all that, and allowing, too, that the visiting clergymen are attempting to foist opinions of their own upon the undergraduate body, there is still something to be said. In the first place, we imagine that The Troubled Spirits, on leaving college, will perform their undoubted duty of attacking Christianity with every resource in their power. Hence, were we in their place, we should ask nothing better than to have all the foremost of our enemies brought before us, at great expense, and exposed in such a manner that we could most easily detect the flaws in their armor, which we were later to pierce.

Secondly, there will be certain of The Troubled Spirits whose ardor will evaporate on leaving college, and who will allow the public opinion of their friends and relatives to force them to church again every Sunday. To these we should like to say that observations upon the sermons of more than one pitifully underpaid clergyman have convinced us, from The Troubled Spirits’ point of view, that in this respect “the worst is yet to come”. However stupid and unthinking The Troubled Spirits may find the highly cultured, and in many cases highly paid, gentlemen who speak at Yale, they will find the less highly paid, and not infrequently less cultured, type of man to whom they are destined, infinitely more stupid, and perhaps positively unpalatable. The flowers of rhetoric, when blended skillfully into a delicately fragrant and perfumed discourse, are, indeed, far more expensive than a bouquet of orchids—few of us will ever be able to afford them again. And so, after a lapse of years, I can imagine an old[247] and embittered Troubled Spirit attempting a Drydonian paraphrase to this effect:—

Battell to some faint meaning made pretense,
Elsewhere, they never deviate into sense.

That, of course, would happen to very few Troubled Spirits, but it is not impossible.

Having attempted to prove, let us hope with some slight measure of success, that even the most troubled of The Troubled Spirits may find some crumb of consolation in present-day Sunday Chapel conditions, let us pass on to another example. Perhaps, by way of trivial digression, it might be interesting to speak of the feeling among The Troubled Spirits that Osborn Hall should be summarily destroyed as a relic of a past and barbarous age. Here, though we might admit the contentions of The Troubled Spirits as before, we think it more serviceable merely to recommend that The Troubled Spirits go and look at Osborn Hall. If our own spirits were troubled, we can imagine nothing more soothing than to look at Osborn Hall for the first time. Around the front of the main entrance runs a band of stonework carved with animals and foliage exactly resembling the woodcuts in The Troubled Spirits’ favorite magazines. One of the beavers, in particular, is gnawing away at a capitalistic grapevine with a communistic fury only to be called prophetic. Again, we have never seen anything more “advanced” than the exquisite mosaiced representation of a steamboat complete with paddle-wheels, which adorns the under surface of one of the arches. It is exactly the same thing as the “Painting Of A Train of Gear Wheels” sold recently in Paris as the latest example of Da Da. It seems, then, that this matter might very well rest by allowing The Troubled Spirits to admire Osborn Hall as a sample of the latest phase in unrepressed art, while the rest of us respect it as an example of what our grandfathers were fond of, and of what our grandsons will treat with veneration. But to return to things less trivial—

As this is written, the Senior class have voted that the most important thing needed by Yale is football victories, and we are, for once, in accord with The Troubled Spirits in thinking that our gridiron defeats are dreadful things. They may not go so far as[248] to admit, with The Troubled Spirits, that football at Yale has become not the most manly but the most sentimental of sports, yet they do attach great weight to the matter. The Troubled Spirits, I understand, go much further, and assert that year after year the University is expected to have confidence, trust, or perhaps blind faith in the team. They would have us believe that Yale has been taught to accept defeat with a pious resignation that savors of slave morality. And then they point to other fields of endeavor. Is the student given a long cheer by his parents before going into an examination, and assured that it won’t matter anyhow if he fails? Does the greatest of generals receive the same amount of encouragement from his people no matter if his success be large or small? The Troubled Spirits have put these questions to many of us, and, without waiting for reply, answered them almost vulgarly in the negative. They remark that it is fundamentally self-evident that one must spur one’s charger, not feed him lumps of sugar, before going into battle. And therefore they would attempt to excite the student body to such a pitch that to be a member of a team defeated by Harvard would not be an wholly enviable post.

But, even supposing there was a word of truth in these extreme views, it seems to us that, while The Senior Class, The Troubled Spirits, and ourselves are agreed in desiring a football victory as soon as possible, we may as well take pleasure in a certain aspect of these defeats which is very desirable in a quiet way. It has always been held that football victories help to stimulate enrollment, and it is universally admitted that the enrollment of the University is far too large as it is. Likewise, victorious Harvard is swamped with “race problems” and what not, which do not trouble us. We are permitted to jog along without attacks from “degraded races, who are trying to cast off the yoke of oppression with the key of learning”, and want a look through our keyhole. That, at least, is a consoling thought. May it bring a little peace to The Troubled Spirits.

LAIRD SHIELDS GOLDSBOROUGH.


[249]

The Acolyte

Shall we then consecrate those things we know,
Clinging to patterns with complacent ease,—
Or, tired with feigning meekness on our knees,
Rise up in might and confidently go,
Leaving the rest to kneel? The candles glow
Whether or not we speak our litanies.
Yet wiser men say hope cannot appease
The lasting voice that chants, “God wills it so!”
Rather I think our fitful prayers ascend
To Him who lights the candles of our Love,
Knowing we seek in Him our human best:
Thus does the worth of God in man defend
Our emulation, make us walk above
Man’s world with Him while kneeling with the rest.
HERBERT W. HARTMAN, JR.

[250]

Chopin

Ethereal and pale, pure melody,
Was Shelley’s song, while Keats could never sing
Without more warmth and depth of coloring:
But Chopin soars unshackled, truly free,
For music is a higher poetry,
Not bound by clumsy words, so it may wing
Its way through groves celestial or cling
To the warm couch of wine and revelry.
I hear the sea wind crooning; far below
The cold stars shiver on the ocean floor.
What nation is that rising ’gainst the foe
In revolution fierce? What antique lore
Do those bells toll? Whence comes this overflow
Of tones so sweet that we can bear no more?
ARTHUR MILLIKEN.

[251]

The Bells of Antwerp

Why do you call to me,
Bells of the centuries, mellowed with yearning and joy o’er the ages?
What is your secret that charms each new listener back to life’s pages
Men scrawled out in blood and carousel, love and the brine of the north wind?
...
“We are the keepers of secrets, sighed to us out of the darkness;
Guardians of clandestine loves that will burn past all human remembrance,
Told by our tongues that rejoice in the undying ardor of telling.
Ancient conspiracy ran to our doors, we appointing the hour,
Passed through the arras and knelt for the gesture that spelt absolution,
Forgetting that we spied the drama to curse and proclaim at our pleasure.
We are the tyrants that reigned in the city of mantle and doublet
And hose; when the gem-crusted baldric that sheltered the dagger was slung
’Cross a heart that beat steadfast and calm with a faith most eternally constant.
Each of us carols an air that was born of a vision-mad organist,
Preaches the infinite word that God whispered to man when his uplifted
Eyes caught a flash of eternity granted as part of the covenant.
Joyful our voices and kind to the heart that is sad with contrition,
Bringing a hope in the good that is past with the quieter ages,
Soothing humanity’s fears with our message that tells of a future.
[252]
Harsh and unmeaning and cruel is our song to the souls that are stiff
With a pride that turns faith in the mind to a stone in the heart of the thinker,
Blinded by twilight within, which shuts out all sunshine and laughter.
Ever unchanging our call, to the winds, the clouds and the rainbow,
Rings forth in song at the moments that God as His sentinels ordered;
Now we are one with the jet-wingéd night and the cloud-mantled sunrise.”
...
Thus do we call to you,
Bells of the centuries, mellowed with yearning and joy o’er the ages.
These be our secrets that charm each new listener back to life’s pages
Men scrawled out in blood and carousel, love and the brine of the north wind.
MORRIS TYLER.

[253]

Rhapsody

Moon-lit sea coast, wild rose blowing,
Smack of salt, and gray gull’s cry:
Night that is wild with the exultation
Of the bellowing breath from a cool, clear sky:
Green waves swinging down the moon-path
Pause and lean and break and roar,
Making full majestic music,
As they pound the sounding shore.
Oh, to forget! half-mad with moon-light,
And toss with the cold waves where they go,
Cedar green and molten silver,
Tireless tumult of ebb and flow,
Rapturous, wild, eternal rhythm,
To and fro.
ARTHUR MILLIKEN.

[254]

Offering

I will go into the city of tired eyes,
And tell my thoughts to each pedestrian,
And on its towers, beneath its leaden skies,
Inscribe a little message for all men.
And few shall read its modest letters there,
And none of them shall ever understand,
Yet all I will perform, nor greatly care,
For I may not be long within the land.
D. G. CARTER.

[255]

Gabrielle Bartholow

When Miss Amy Lowell, in an essay upon the poetry of Edwin Arlington Robinson, expressed a doubt whether Mr. Robinson’s recent popularity had not gone to his head and would for the future endanger his work, no one then reading could fully comprehend the ineptitude of her fear. Perhaps the reader severely questioned her, but he could not be convinced until Roman Bartholow appeared to prove that any such statements as Miss Lowell’s were erroneous. Miss Lowell has based her fear, curiously enough, upon the melodramatic poem Avon’s Harvest, in which, though the poet was but playing with dime novel effects, his verse was more masterfully composed than in any of his earlier poems. Avon’s Harvest in its technique alone revealed a tightening of the poet’s art. His cadences were more definite, his vocabulary less elaborate, his construction certain and replete with the artlessness of art. There was to be seen no machinery in this poem, for it had vanished in the poet’s change to an objective method. The faults of Merlin and of Lancelot were due only to construction and that construction itself to an intensely subjective method. In these poems Mr. Robinson did not let the story tell itself as he was wont to do in the now famous short poems, but he must, for Merlin and Lancelot are essentially lyric dramas, sing for himself the love motifs, the tragedies as he himself experienced them. For this reason he must weave the story according to the whispering of his own moods. And in so doing he must lay himself open to attack on the grounds of incoherence of form. Miss Lowell was indeed one of the first of his critics to notice this, yet it is surprising that she should have refused to see in Avon’s Harvest the correction of the faults she censured in the lyrics; to wit, the change of treatment, the growth of sureness that the poet’s objective manner was displaying. That essential objectivity which distinguishes Flammonde, Richard Cory, and Zola, which previously was employed only to etch a character in a paucity of strokes,—that objectivity,[256] with the publication of Avon’s Harvest, Mr. Robinson announced to be the latest of his secrets for the writing of narrative poetry.

Though he followed this poem with others in the objective manner, the most remarkable of which is the little known Avenel Gray, no complete study has appeared until his last narrative poem, Roman Bartholow, a work that is dramatic, expressive, and yet holds about it more folds of dignity and power than even the elegiac The Man Against the Sky. Roman Bartholow, because of its complete and extensive objectivity, impresses one most signally with its inevitability, a characteristic which Mathew Arnold termed the basis for all great poetry. From the opening lines where Bartholow gazes down upon “a yellow dusk of trees” to the close of the last canto there is never a moment when the story does not move silently ahead, dynamically, inevitably, since the author has been able to withhold comment, and since he has purposely avoided an obvious climax. Mr. Robinson can no longer see climax in life, for to him destinies are decided well in advance of any catastrophe, so that the climax that does appear in the poem is one miraculously cast in overtones. No word comes from the poet that it is at hand. No word comes from the characters. The word is found in the reader’s mind, forcing him to believe its presence. He knows that Gabrielle, though she would “shrivel to deny it”, is come to the end of all her hopes. He knows she can only accept her fate. There is nothing more to say. The poet has only set down the theme, for the story has of its own force driven itself to its conclusion with the majestic restraint of an Aeschylean tragedy.

Mr. Robinson has discovered that to take Nature as she is is not necessarily to say to the player that he may sit on the piano.

Yet this taking of Nature as she is, despite the fact that Mr. Robinson calls the theme a “good deal of a mix up”, in no wise complicates the bare plot. Roman Bartholow, an ailing descendant of an old Maine family, is brought to know again the joy of life by acquaintance with a man that comes to visit him and forgets to go away. This Penn-Raven, though he works a cure for Bartholow, succeeds in doing the opposite for Roman’s wife. He falls in love with her and, before the opening of the poem, has for some time possessed her adequately. Gabrielle is a peculiar[257] character, but let it suffice here to say that the liaison with Penn-Raven is no answer to her problem. In Bartholow she married the wrong man, and the Raven she comes to find intolerable. She is one who has always suffered disappointments. It is no wonder, therefore, that, realizing she cannot fully enter into Bartholow’s renascence as he would have her do, in an effort to save for him his new-found light she drowns herself. Thenceforward the solution is cruelly plain. Bartholow, unaware of Gabrielle’s act and provoked by Penn-Raven, pays him to leave the house. Word is then brought that Gabrielle is drowned. That is in midsummer. It is fall when Bartholow himself leaves the house forever to go whither he will, cherishing the light of his regeneration the while he thinks of Gabrielle who couldn’t follow his rebirth, not being reborn in his manner, and who threw herself away.

These men and this one woman are the persons around whom the whole power of Mr. Robinson’s poetry abides. Yet there is one of whom I have not spoken, a fisherman who, though playing a minor part, frets his useful time upon the stage. He makes his appearance in the two opening cantos and again in the last two. Once in the final scene between Penn-Raven and Gabrielle he is referred to as one who knows more of their relation than even Bartholow. Thus his function is immediately evident. He is the chorus that gives its warning and advice. More than that, he is the mouthpiece to Mr. Robinson’s own thoughts.

That spring when, out of a winter steeped in night, Bartholow was

reborn to breathe again
Insatiably the morning of new life,

there came to him from across the river this prophet-fisherman, this hobo scholiast with his face “to frighten Hogarth” who was at once

Socratic, unforgettable, grotesque,
Inscrutable, and alone.

He came to Bartholow dressed in “a checkered inflammation of myriad hues” and bearing as a peace-offering for his appearance a catch of trout for breakfast. Presumably he came to bring the fish and drink a glass, but incidentally he was curious to investigate this new birth of Roman’s and to discover if it blinded his eyes[258] so that he saw nothing further than acquaintance between Penn-Raven and his wife. Wherefore he sat with Roman and heard recounted the glory of being alive once more. But Umfraville was wise. He was in the eyes of the world “irremediably defeated” and for that reason had hid himself back in the woods where he

lived again the past
In books, where there were none to laugh at him
And where—to him, at least—a world was kind
That is no more a world.

Hence from this distance he was able to understand the flood of human nature and capable of pronouncing judgment upon it. He was gifted, as he said, with an “ingenuous right of utterance” which gave him full license to speak his mind. He knew that Gabrielle’s unfaithfulness must come to Roman’s ears. He knew the tragedy that it would be to this proud, sensitive friend of his, and, knowing it, offered his aid if ever Roman’s light should be obscured.

It is in brilliant contrast to this “unhappy turtle” that Penn-Raven appears, Penn-Raven, the bounder, archguest, corruptor and healer in one breath. He it is, with his solid face, thick lips and violet eyes, upon whom “one may not wholly look and live”, for in Penn-Raven there is more of the devil than is safe to investigate. The devil only knows why he came to Bartholow, why he possessed those violet eyes withal, and, after he had met Gabrielle, why the devil he ever went away. He was large and muscular and imbued with a healthy-mindedness which could purge the soul of Roman. Not only was he able to change this man’s outlook upon life, bringing him light where only darkness had lain, but he could worm his way to the heart of Gabrielle and make her his for as long as he chose. He loved her with all the force of his animal self, yet he could hint to her that she was insufficient to Bartholow’s present needs. Callous Penn-Raven! He never understood Gabrielle, though he later called her “flower and weed together”. In her he saw mostly the weed, the woman who had forsaken her husband and who might be expecting him to take her away. So he thought and so he said to her, not noticing the agony he caused. He did not know the woman he[259] later called the flower who, though she had surrendered herself to his affections, yet saved for Roman a far transcending love. Thus to hint that she go with him was perhaps insulting her. At any rate it was a brutal intimation, a selfish one—and Penn-Raven was always brutal and always selfish. He could cry aloud of his tragedies and disillusions, the while the woman by his side was preparing herself to die. He could confront the husband with a nasty truth, looking upon him with those violet eyes, half triumphant and half sad. “Setting it rather sharply,” he could say, “you married the wrong woman.”

Poor Bartholow and proud! Stung with the malevolent implications with which Penn-Raven sought to gain Gabrielle, Bartholow once leaped upon him, feeling his “thick neck luxuriously yielding to his fingers”, and in his absurd pride thought to throttle him. At that time he was experiencing more pain than ever he had through the long winter before. He as a proud idealist was waking up to the fact that to be bathed in a new light is not to be external to sorrow.

Imagine his position. During the months previous to the spring when he “ached with renovation”, Bartholow had suffered from the malady of the sick-soul. His hopes were dulled, his ideals gone crashing. In his wife, for whom he cherished a desire to bring her closer to his thoughts, he found a woman cold and bitter from the disappointments she had suffered. Plainly she knew she had married the wrong man, plainly he did not know it. For to him life meant no more than disillusion, until one day, perhaps in April, life brought Penn-Raven with his zest for living, with his red-corpuscular religion of healthy-mindedness. To Bartholow, ready to catch at anything, this formidable spirit was the light. He grasped and claimed it. The light was his remaking. He was of the elect of earth, the twice-born. With joy gleaming in his eyes, he was up at dawn that spring morning,

Affirming his emergence to the Power
That filled him as light fills a buried room
When earth is lifted and the light comes in.

Penn-Raven was the Friend! Blessed Penn-Raven! He had given him gold with which to build the city of his desires. There was Gabrielle. How glad she would be to help him build that[260] city, that house of gold in particular where he and she should live! She should be partner to his every mood. Gabrielle too should receive rebirth and with him build that house. Poor Bartholow!

Bartholow is a man upon whom the Light has fallen. What he will do with it is the subject of the poem. Where Lancelot was the study of a man in pursuit of the Light, Roman Bartholow is the study of a man after the Light had come. If both men were heroes in the sense that Galahad was a hero, no suffering would be entailed. But these are mortal men and mortal men are plagued with ignorance and frailty. Each has to learn that when the Light gleams before him he must follow it alone. Alone he must live in the Light. Alone he must fight for it. Few men know this and of all men Bartholow was the most unaware.

Bartholow then, because he did not know that his new position demanded the leaving of the old, still clung, but with added eagerness, to the hope of entering into spiritual communion with his wife. He was ever besieging her with his hopes and reproving her for delinquency, but by degrees he came to perceive that she would never erect that house with him. Gabrielle had two reasons, neither of which he knew. She was no longer his wife and she alone realized that the Light for him might mean the night for her. Roman was too wrapt up in himself to discover the first, the second he could learn, as Gabrielle had learned, only through suffering. So on he hoped and thought about it. Then Gabrielle, revealing that weakness, that was so peculiarly hers, of telling preferably the wrong and obvious reason for her delinquency to the right and subtle one, made it out to him that she could not share his light because Penn-Raven was hers too intimately. Anon came the Raven himself and forced the truth upon the husband, making a darkness to cover him that was far more agonizing than any he had known. When Bartholow saw this and would abandon the Light to seek again a less tormented existence, Penn-Raven said to him, “There is no going back”. He said, with an insight and eloquence unusual to him,

Your doom is to be free. The seed of truth
Is rooted in you, and the seed is yours
For you to eat alone. You cannot share it
[261]
Though you may give it, and a few thereby
May take of it and so not wholly starve.
...
Your dawn is coming where a dark horizon hides it,
And where a new day comes with a new world.
The old place that was a place for you to play in
Will be remembered as a man remembers
A field at school where many victories
Were lost in one defeat that was itself
A triumph over triumph—now disowned
In afterthought. You know as well as I
That you are the inheritor to-night
Of more than all the pottage or the gold
Of time would ever buy. You cannot lose it
By gift or sale or prodigality
Nor any more by scorn. It is yours now,
And you must have it with you in all places,
Even as the wind must blow.

Like Job, when Jehovah spoke to him out of the heavens, Bartholow listened to the sentence placed upon him by one who had brought him light only to obscure it darkly. He listened and behold he was like a man that understands. He was quickly to know what Gabrielle in her suicide had done for him, and it was well he understood, before he learned of her, that he was free to live a life of knowledge and of sympathy with man, that he was alone, and that not even Gabrielle could build a golden house with him. Sadly he replied,

When a man’s last illusion, like a bubble,
Covered with moonshine, breaks and goes to nothing,
And after that is less than nothing,
The bubble had then better be forgotten
And the poor fool that blew it be content
With knowing he was born to be a fool.

Poor Bartholow! It was a hard road along which he forced himself to go, proud, defiant, hopeful, until the night when he found the Raven, like a reproving older child, pinning him to his chair lest he again try to annihilate him. After that he knew what was before him, for he was no longer hopeful, defiant, or proud. He had learned as Lancelot and like him

[262]

in the darkness he rode on
Alone; and in the darkness came the Light.

Penn-Raven had brought the Light and showed Bartholow how it must be followed. But it was Gabrielle who was “too beautiful to be alive” that revealed to him its incessant worth. It was Roman’s wife who failed and died, Gabrielle whom Penn-Raven loved, for whom Roman hungered, Gabrielle, whose

dark morning beauty
Was like an armor for the darts of time
Where they fell yet for nothing and were lost
Against the magic of her slenderness,

Gabrielle in whom there was much of spring, much of chilly fall, much of Botticelli—a shadowed mingling of violets and wintergreen. Bartholow saw this and that morning, when she stood in the doorway, half awake, watching his springtime antics of adoration of his new self in his looking-glass, he found her irresistible and

crushed
The fragrant elements of mingled wool
And beauty in his arms and pressed with his
A cool silk mouth, which made a quick escape,
Leaving an ear—to which he told unheard
The story of his life intensively.

“He told unheard”. There, there was the cloud that must bring him darkness. Gabrielle did not heed him.

For the sake of an explanation, let us first attribute her listlessness to a dislike of physical affections from her husband. Let us say, along with Penn-Raven, that she retreated from Roman because she was an adultress, that she told him she would never build that house because that house would be founded on a lie. Infidelity must out. How great then would be the tumbling down of Roman’s house! A woman guilty as she could never hope to build a spiritual house.

Such an explanation of Gabrielle’s lack of enthusiasm is at first glance somewhat superficial. The Gabrielle of the poem who has moved us so profoundly is not the woman Penn-Raven describes in this manner. Gabrielle was not motivated by selfishness and cowardice. She did not die because she feared her husband.[263] Yet, however one interpret Gabrielle, this judgment of her, which Penn-Raven voiced, remains partially correct. Gabrielle was essentially “flower and weed together”. In the eyes of the men the weed was uppermost and, provokingly at that, discouragingly beautiful. Wintergreen and violets! This weed to Bartholow was just a bit shallow and colder than any fish in any ocean. She mocked his renascent gestures, his Greek, and even mistook Apollo for Narcissus when she found him looking in his mirror. She even had a cursed habit of innuendo, so it seemed, for after a pretty speech of his about a soul groping in its loneliness, out she came with a furtive remark that the fish upon her plate was “beautiful, even in death”.

Shallow Gabrielle! Selfish, faithless, beautiful Gabrielle! Thus men saw her until it was too late to see her again. Like Flammonde, what was she and what was she not?

Gabrielle’s superficiality, at first so evident, appears to be explained by her later actions. In cantos IV and V Gabrielle is very far from any taint of superficiality. It is only at the outset that she gives the impression. This is done by Mr. Robinson in order that the reader may understand the attitudes of Bartholow and Penn-Raven toward her. What Gabrielle really is the reader will shortly discover. But the touch of the weed, nevertheless, remains. It was part of Gabrielle and she employed it as a protection against her lovers. Fearing lest Penn-Raven find her suffering, she preferred to be tortured by him rather than reveal herself. Against Bartholow she adopted it because, knowing herself to be totally outside his mystical experience, she hoped to ease his desires of building impossible houses.

Gabrielle, indeed, is worthy of infinite pity. Beset at once by the Raven’s exhortations that she go away with him, and by her husband with his mysticism, her situation was precarious. No light had come to her, but since it had fallen blessedly upon her husband, to aid him in his holding it was her duty. That she might desert him to sink again into the night she refused to consider. That she might do nothing but remain with him she pondered carefully. If so she stayed she could not save him. She was not worthy, as he himself had bitterly reproached her, of his mysteries. Yet how he prayed she might be! Without her all[264] would be as it had been, though Gabrielle knew differently. She knew he must follow the Light alone. Such was the law. It was decreed that she look with “tired and indolent indifference” upon the spring that was for Roman the beginning of a new life. “I am not worthy of your mysteries”, she had said with an insight at once supreme. Afterwards she told him,

You understand it
You and your new-born wisdom, but I can’t;
And there’s where our disaster like a rat,
Lives hidden in our walls.
...
Even a phantom house if made unwisely
May fall down on us and hurt horribly.

A different light was come to Gabrielle. As she spoke these words, a “pale fire” descended upon her, shriveling the weed, giving luxuriance to the flower. A miracle alone could have revealed to her the truth, and if it was not a miracle, it was the light from her own tragedy. She had failed, in marrying Bartholow, to find the being she sought. Likewise Penn-Raven had disappointed her. But she loved her husband for the light that had come to him. The Light was greater than herself. Wherefore of Bartholow she thought,

If my life would save him,
And make him happy till he died in peace,
I’m not so sure he mightn’t have it.

No one had known the flower that grew within the weed. No one had cared to search beyond a certain libidinous examination. She, however, was aware. The command was come that she save Bartholow. She accepted. With her determination made she resisted two trying interviews with Penn-Raven and her husband, who successively tried to wound her sensitivity more deeply. The Raven groaned about his tragedies and disillusions, while Gabrielle was going out to die. There was nothing more in life for her than an austere duty, implacable and dark.

Where the Light falls, death falls;
And in the darkness comes the Light.

But a cruel farewell to her husband and the faces were for her no more. This woman, greater in every way than Vivian or[265] Guinevere, Gabrielle, the one complete and incisive expression of a poet’s ideal, the crowning achievement to a brilliant tier of characters, Gabrielle who stepped above the broken ruins of her life to save a weak man, this Gabrielle crept stilly from the house and, before descending, paused a moment in the night.

Now she could see the moon and stars again
Over the silvered earth, where the night rang
With a small shrillness of a smaller world,
If not a less inexorable one,
Than hers had been; and after a few steps
Made cautiously along the singing grass,
She saw the falling lawn that lay before her,
The shining path where she must not be seen,
The still trees in the moonlight, and the river.

Yes, she was surely dead before she died. Tragedies had been her secret playthings and there was nothing left, nothing but to follow her peculiar light. Like Juliet her dismal scene she must act alone. She must go—forever. But the going was not difficult, for she was dead before she died.

Truly if one lingers over this pitiable death of Gabrielle’s, protesting against a destiny that will enact such evil, there is bound to rise in one’s mind the many instances in Mr. Robinson’s poetry where the same story is told. It is in The Children of the Night that this judgment of the world found its earliest expression, thenceforward developing until it has now reached its culmination. Here, in Roman Bartholow, in the magic loveliness of Gabrielle it has come to a noble conclusion.

Previous to this poem Mr. Robinson’s philosophy has expressed itself negatively. It is his belief that evil is the result of moral choice. He does not call disease, accident, or war by the name of evil, because it is possible to look forward to a day when such excrescences will be removed. Evil, to Mr. Robinson, is that which is ineradicable and the ineradicable is the situation resulting from moral choice. Man has little free will. He is continuously obliged to make a choice against his wish, a choice that will bring disappointment. We have seen how Orestes was locked in evil perplexity when the alternative was presented: either to obey heaven, slay his mother, and be damned by earth, or to obey earth, forgive his mother, and be damned by heaven. Whichever[266] road he followed evil overtook him. Whichever road we choose, says Mr. Robinson, evil must overtake us—with this one exception, however, that whereas Aeschylus believed the gods brought man to his doom, Mr. Robinson maintains that it is man’s own frailty. Take Lancelot for an example. Lancelot has come to a point where he must make a moral choice. Either he can accept the Light and forsake Guinevere, or he can retain the Queen and lose the Light. The alternative is implacable. The one or the other, it says. There is no middle way nor any synthesis. To accept the new situation and leave the old, that is the way of truth. Only by that way can man hope to achieve happiness. If he attempt to mediate, then he will lash himself and cry in Lancelot’s words,

God, what a rain of ashes falls on him
Who sees the new and cannot leave the old!

Thus, previous to Roman Bartholow, Mr. Robinson, believing that man can rarely leave his old surroundings for the new, has developed his philosophy from the negative side. He has not treated of the attainment of the Light, but has showed the struggle of the man who is making the choice. He has been interested in the man’s failure and in consequence he has written of Merlin, Lancelot, and of Seneca Sprague.

With Roman Bartholow, however, he has represented in Gabrielle a complete and final expression of the positive side of his philosophy. Many years ago in an exquisite lyric, Bon Voyage, he wrote fleetingly of a man who saw his light and claimed it. But the poem was only a scherzo, a dash down the hill. Mocking the “little archive men” who tried to extract therefrom a “system” of thought, it raced away. Yet it contained a seed that to-day has burst into a flower that Gabrielle is, or was. It told of a man who had left the old. He had been as courageous as Galahad. To-day Gabrielle is such.

Roman, of course, in finding the Light, was obliged to abandon his earlier hopes of building that house with Gabrielle. Roman like Lancelot was unable to meet that requirement. He failed, and would have perished had it not been for Gabrielle. She was to reveal to him her incessant worth. The Light for Gabrielle demanded a mad sacrifice. There was no happiness entailed.[267] There was alone the recompense of that cold, resistless river. Leaving an inexorable world as she followed the light, she was, to complete the list of the poet’s figures, the one

who had seen and died,
And was alive now in a mist of gold.

Thus, after the tale is told, comes the realization of the ultimate isolation of man. Gabrielle had gone away alone. Penn-Raven too had disappeared. Each was bound from the other by ineradicable law. There never could have been a golden house with two to build it. It is not thus we are made. Bartholow was to come to understand that he could not build but by himself, that his renascence was a gift to him alone. It was Umfraville, who saw what he could see and was accordingly alone, who summed it up when he said,

There were you two in the dark together
And there her story ends. The leaves you turn
Are blank; and where a story ends it ends.

So Bartholow left him there on the steps of the old house that he had sold after the others had disappeared. Umfraville was free and Bartholow, with his memories before him, was alone and free. A cold fire was his light to prove, but he knew it never would go out. There would always be with him the memories of Gabrielle, the cool fragrance of her body, the silent beauty of her deed. The key he held in his hand was the key to the ivied house. The key he held was his no longer. For the last time it had locked for him a door that once had opened to so much pain. But a tide was come and there were no more sand castles. All was as it had been and was to be.

They are all gone away,
The House is shut and still,
There is nothing more to say.

LEWIS P. CURTIS.


[268]

A Little Learning

I.

It was one of those blistering July afternoons that sometimes descend upon people who have traveled a long way in the palatial discomfort of a Pullman, only to find themselves completing the last leg of their journey amid the democratic rattle-ty-bang of an antique, plush-lined day-coach. Several cars in advance, the energetic branch line locomotive was belching clouds of smoke and whistling shrilly at each spralling crossroad; while within the day-coach itself, a faded sign proclaimed that persons of color would only be tolerated on the last three seats of each car, and thus localized the scene to one of those down at the heel Southern railroads that have not yet recovered from the Civil War.

The greater part of the passengers were negroes, prosperously dressed, and covertly taking pains to be as obnoxious as possible to the little group of whites entrenched in a compact and strategic position among the last three seats of the car. Of the latter, one was a grey-haired gentlewoman of the old South, her expression combining with the pride of blood a certain indefinable mellow sweetness. A blue-eyed child of six sat by her side, and perhaps he too was conscious of his descent, but he kept his nose glued close to the window for all that. Behind these two, in a little compartment formed by turning two seats together, sat three ruddy farm girls in uncomfortable attitudes of acute self-consciousness. They had been giggling and overflowing with spirits during most of the trip, but the appearance of a young man in the seat opposite, at the last junction, had reduced their exuberance and heightened their curiosity. For, on one side of the neatly strapped suitcase which he had erected beside him as a sort of barrier from the negroes, appeared the legend, “P. R. Melton, N. Y. C.”

[269]

II.

Thought Philip Melton, “Niggers ... niggers and heat ... the Devil putting collars of mustard plaster on damned souls....

“Common, common, common sort of girls ... perfectly decent, but not my class ... too muscular, or maybe it’s fat....

“Nice little chap ... eyes, hair, skin ... football some day ... wonder if his grandmother’s a Carroll ... aristocrat....

“Hot ... gosh....

“Marion ... letters ... letters in my pocket ... mush, but not common ... my class ... glad I’m a gentleman ... ‘known by what he does not do’ ... clickety clack, clickety clack, clickety clack....

“Marion ... never wrote a girl stuff like that before ... laps it up all right ... must practice on some one ... my class, not common at all....

“‘The man who seduces a pure country girl because he fears the diseases of the city deserves to be flayed alive’ ... funny ... seduce is such a nasty word....

“Clickety clack, clickety clack, clack, click.... Fool train had to get here some time....”

[270]

III.

As he clattered down the precipitous steps of the day-coach, the last of which was a clear jump of at least two feet, Philip saw the tall, still vigorous figure of his uncle detach itself from the crowd and come forward with its perpetually surprising grace.

“Glad to see you, boy.” The words had something soothingly restful about them that betrayed the unhurried country gentleman.

“A very long, hot ride, I’m afraid, and the train late as usual. Your mother well? And Don’ld?” The last name was slurred with the paternal carelessness of the man who has lived to ask his youngest brother’s son whether that brother is well.

“I brought Marion over in the car.” The clear eyes twinkled mischievously. “She was sitting on the porch as I drove by, and it seemed to me you rather liked her last summer. Mind she doesn’t wind you around her little finger before your two weeks are over. These ministers’ daughters—” The phrase melted away, and his uncle turned to direct the chauffeur. But Philip smiled inwardly. He knew his favorite uncle had once been “a bad man among the ladies”, as they put it in the South.

[271]

IV.

That night Philip lay half smothered in his enormous feather bed, and thought again, this time in retrospect. He was a boy whom a nagging illness had kept secluded during most of his early life, and the previous Freshman year at college had filled him with restless new ideas. Adolescence, too long delayed, was upon him with a vengeance, at last.

“Good move, coming here ... she’s certainly one of the most naturally beautiful girls I ever saw ... skin a little off, perhaps.... Lord, how can people stand to eat sausages the way they do here ... we’ll have them to-morrow ... in July!

“Somehow I feel too overconfident.... God help us if she ever really falls in love with me ... still, I don’t quite see why that’s my lookout ... Don Juan....”

“See here, Philip Melton, you’re an ass!” (That was the voice of common sense, speaking in crisp periods.) “You’ve never kissed a girl in your life, and you’ve thought too much about it lately. You’ve always been too bashful to even flirt with sub-debs. And now that curiosity, not romance, has gotten hold of you, and you’ve achieved the enormous conquest of receiving a few sloppy letters from a country clergyman’s daughter, you think—! Don Juan, blaah!” (And common sense disgustedly retired.)

But Philip’s thoughts soon began to drift in the old channel. And egotism, which lies crushed into its corner during waking hours, came out and sported in the land of demi-dreams.

“She blushed once, really.... I saw her do it ... and she let me take her hand practically as long as I wanted to, to look at her ring.

“Oh Phil, you’re not so bad ... you’ll learn ... learn ... lllle....”

Sleep.

[272]

V.

The river was not very broad. It curved and twisted between ranks of weeping willows, and, just as Philip grew tired of rowing, a perfect grotto of a cove beckoned them to come in and rest. Marion had taken off her ugly rubber bathing cap while Philip rowed, and as they slid among the green and golden shadows of the willows, he was almost startled at the beauty of her hair. It seemed to flow about her shoulders in a leaping cascade of light and shadow, and Philip’s throat tightened as he watched it. Then he remembered that he was in search of love, not beauty, and that with a girl one must “shoot a line”. The boat touched the bank with a soft plash, and Philip summoned courage to mention one of his poems, which he said had come to him while he was rowing her up the river.

It began:

“Oh, how I wish I might transmute the arts,
And make of poetry a long caress—”

and, aside from the questionable novelty of addressing a short poem to one’s love in Elizabethan blank verse, it was neither better nor worse than the efforts of many young poets, not as yet nipped in the bud.

[273]

VI.

A week later, Philip could lie out on the terrace of his uncle’s garden, sunning himself, and muse somewhat as follows:

“I’m getting the hang ... not a doubt in the world ... last night, now ... her hair is awfully nice when you feel it on your cheek....

“I think I’d better not try poetry ... again ... maybe ... it sounds too well ... too as if I weren’t really feeling deeply....

“Still I’ve got her going mighty well ... last night she said, ‘Maybe, just one before you go’.... I’ve thought of an awfully romantic way to do it....

“Poor Marion.... I wonder if I could really break her heart.... I mean I hope she’ll soon get over it when I’m gone....

“Anyhow I’ll never be afraid of Peggy Armitage again.... I’ve got the hang ... damn it ... got the hang....”

[274]

VII.

The Gods seemed to have conspired with Philip to make his last night in the South all that he could have wished. He and Marion had been rowing again in the moonlight, and now that it had really grown very late, they were sitting in a secluded arbor at the far end of the garden, which looked out over the river. The moon, which had been waxing ever since Philip’s arrival, was now full. And great trailing strands of the weeping willows shut them up alone, in a little secret lattice of moon shadows.

Her head was resting lightly against his shoulder, and they were speaking only now and then in whispers. She was very lovely, a pale lady of the moon, and he felt himself yearn strangely toward her. The note in his voice was not forced now. She seemed to feel it, and as his eager lips bent down to hers she met them firmly with her own, warm and yielding. For a long, long minute the kiss lasted. Philip’s sensations seemed to ebb and fuse together. Then suddenly the moment passed. Habit reasserted itself, and Philip thought, “Lord! The trapper trapped! Another minute and I’d have proposed!”

[275]

VIII.

It was afternoon on the broad, cool veranda. Philip had departed northward by the morning train, and a twinkling-eyed old gentleman was sipping great cooling sips of julep through a straw. He had once been a bad man among the ladies, and perhaps a casual observer might have thought he was so still. At least, the laughing girl at his side seemed not to lack for entertainment.

“Ah but, my dear Maid Marion, you forget that after all Philip is my nephew.”

“And that should make him quite invincible to my poor charms?”

“Invincible! And you say he kissed you! Really, my dear, these minsters’ daughters—”

“And you a vestryman! But seriously, Mr. Melton, Philip got to making love awfully well toward the last—except the poetry—that was always terrible! You are to be congratulated, sir! With my aid you have started your nephew on the road to ruin!”

“Dear child! And have you never heard me say he is my favorite nephew?”

LAIRD GOLDSBOROUGH.


[276]

Notabilia
On the Francis Bergen Medal

One of the most charming of all the intellectual traditions of Yale is the group of Francis Bergen Memorial lectures delivered each year gratis to the University. Mr. Frank Bergen has lately added another memorial to his son. It takes the form of a gold medal to be awarded each year at the Lit. dinner by the outgoing board to the author of the most creditable contribution to the Lit. during their term of office. The editors themselves are ineligible.

Francis Bergen was in the Class of 1914, and a member of the Lit. board of that year. He was a college poet of distinction and promise. Had it not been for his tragic death on his way to Plattsburg, and with a few more years of lyric inspiration, it is likely that his poetry would have served itself as his own commanding memorial.

As it is, he is a traditional character of the Renaissance. You will meet no graduates of his generation who do not remember in greater or less degree Bergen’s extraordinary Turkish water pipe, and his long conversations with imaginary personages in his own room, unconscious of the attentive and astonished ears of his classmates about him. And the miracle is that in the Yale of then, still smacking of the Y-sweatered bulldog ideal, he should have been universally loved and admired, in spite of eccentricity. Such tales are indeed the romance of the beginning of wisdom at Yale.

This medal, this awarded piece of gold, this honor in the eyes of the literati of each winner’s generation at Yale, has about it a glamor of remembrance, a glory peculiar to itself. It is in memory of a poet whom the Gods loved too well, and did not allow to sing his fill. By its own name it is an inspiration more precious than gold.

M. E. F.


[277]

Book Reviews

The Captain’s Doll. By D. H. Lawrence. (Thomas Seltzer.)

There is, in all living literature, a kind of between-the-lines expression of the atmosphere belonging to the described period and the described place. With the advent of literary interest in thought as well as action, the point of view peculiar to the time, the race, and the situation has been present also. To create these mysterious things by connotation from the written word, so that the reader becomes, temporarily, contemporary and incident with the characters of the story, is at least one of the essentials of a permanent novel. And while I am not at all prepared to predict permanency for The Captain’s Doll, I feel that Mr. Lawrence has been particularly happy in this strange business of evoking environmental atmosphere.

For instance, there is a moment in the first “novelette”—the volume contains three—when the German Countess-heroine and the Scotch Captain-hero are climbing a Tyrol Alp in a motorbus. The Alps and a motorbus! Everywhere, against the naked looming rocks and great glaciers, the blue sky and the blown clouds, are bulky trucks, picknickers, and “the wrong kind of rich Jews”. There are wild mosses and berry bushes among the rocks, but “the many hundreds of tourists who passed up and down did not leave much to pick”. Yet the exhilaration and the spell that belong to climbing even a civilized mountain are there; the civilized climbers get out of their lorry and feel it. The German Countess feels it in a glad, pagan abandonment: she likes the wind in her face, and she likes to see “away beyond, the lake lying far off and small, the wall of those other rocks like a curtain of stone, dim and diminished to the horizon. And the sky with curdling clouds and blue sunshine intermittent”. She “breathes deep breaths”, and says, “Wonderful, wonderful to be high up!” The English-Scot feels it, but in a different way. “His eyes were dilated with excitement that was ordeal or mystic battle rather than the Bergheil ecstacy.” He looks soulfully out, out of the world,[278] hating the mountains for their excitement, and their “uplift” that takes him beyond himself, and he feels bigger than the mountains. All that, as Mr. Lawrence tells it, comes pretty close to “getting” these races in a phase of our era, a phase which is important because man in relation to nature is man at his best. And anyone who has climbed mountains of late years will appreciate the realism of the picture, and of the story’s atmosphere.

But I said I could not predict the future for The Captain’s Doll. To me, Mr. Lawrence seems supremely able in handling the psychology of the moment, but less effective with the dynamic psychology necessary for his drama. I am not sure his characters would act as they do; I think no others would. Through a series of individual snapshots which are real to the life, Captain Hepburn and Countess Hannele move in a manner I cannot take for granted. More decidedly I should apply this criticism to the principals in the second story, The Fox. Over time, these people are all a little queer: it is the fault in most of this “new” kind of writing.

D. G. C.

Members of the Family. By Owen Wister. (The MacMillan Company.)

When the cauldron of contemporary American literature has boiled down and the dross been skimmed off by the years, there will be a special and enduring mold set aside for the works of Owen Wister. In his writings and in the pictures of Frederick Remington a richly romantic period of our national life will be long preserved. The Virginia, Lin McLean, and Scipio Le Moyne, even as the nightingale, were not born for death. As Scipio himself remarked, “I ain’t going to die for years and years.”

The eight short stories included in Members of the Family are typical of Mr. Wister’s most delightful and vivid manner. Those who enjoyed The Virginian or Red Men and White will wax happy over such tales as The Gift Horse and Where It Was. Owen Wister’s characters are unusual to us, but like that most[279] fanciful of characters, Long John Silver, they live. For humor, strength of plot, characterization, and general worth this collection takes rank with the very highest.

F. D. A.

A Book of British and American Verse. Edited by Henry Van Dyke. (Doubleday, Page & Co.)

As a general rule anthologies are of a distinct sameness. The most noticeable thing, therefore, in regard to this collection of verse by Henry Van Dyke is his novel method of arrangement. Instead of fitting the poems in chronologically he segregates them according to their poetical form. The volume is divided into six sections, devoted respectively to: ballads; idylls or stories in verse; lyrics; odes; sonnets and epigrams; and elegies and epitaphs.

As to the selection, it is as judicious as one would expect coming from Mr. Van Dyke. An attractive feature is the inclusion of a considerable number of modern poems. In quantity the collection lies between the Oxford Book of English Verse and Burton Stevenson’s Home Book of Verse, being nearer to the former. It is especially adapted for use in class-room work and is a valuable addition to a small library, from a utilitarian as well as an aesthetic viewpoint.

F. D. A.

The Goose Step. By Upton Sinclair. (Paine Book Co.)

Thorough discussion of this latest book by Upton Sinclair is a task that would require many pages. A brief dissertation upon his remarks about Yale, however, will suffice to shed considerable light upon the book as a whole.

Commenting upon the University in general, Mr. Sinclair remarks: “But the secret societies come in, and now Yale is just what Princeton is, a place where the sons of millionaires draw apart and lead exclusive lives.” Disregarding for the moment the innuendo cast upon the societies here, it seemed best to interview the millionaire we know in order to ascertain whether he was[280] really being secretly exclusive. The cause of research suffered when he proved to be out for the evening wearing the dress suit of his neighbor, who was working his way through college and could not use it himself.

Concerning societies Mr. Sinclair further opines that they encourage intoxication and venereal disease, but dictate the choice of clothing, slang, and tobacco, while preventing originality of cogitation. It is a sad thought, and the woeful plight of the American college lad is typified by the brazen indifference with which he bears his shame.

Mr. Sinclair certainly exaggerates—we are now speaking constrainedly, ourself—but his sincerity no one can doubt, as no one can sweepingly deny all his charges. He may irritate or he may distress or he may merely edify, but he always gets a reaction.

F. D. A.


[281]

Editor’s Table

Han and Cherrywold came across the campus together.

“What do you think of our first issue?” asked Han.

“Well,” replied Cherrywold, “a little thin, to be sure, but very fine goods—and mostly home-made, at that.”

“Yes,” mused Han, “and this one shall be better. I look forward to a short and pleasant evening.”

So saying, they approached the luxurious and delicately heated office confidently and in the best of spirits. But oh, what enemies lurk in the dark places ever eager to strike a treacherous blow at the Muse! In the window of her palace hung a filthy, yellow sheet advertising that altogether despicable sport of debating. With a mighty oath both jammed their keys into the lock, tore to the window, and stamped upon this latest outrage. That done, with spirits not altogether as calm as before, they sat down to wait for the others, who were, of course, late. In a short while they were joined by ante-moral, pro-subjective Rabnon. The conversation turned, purely by chance, upon bastard sons. The question before the house was: Whose was the greater—Aaron Burr’s or Elihu Yale’s? So rife became the argument that Cherrywold was dispatched to follow up certain clues and obtain further information upon the question. In a short while he returned greatly excited and out of breath. A number of prominent men had been interviewed—one of whom, though it may be hard to believe, was a professor. It was, however, decided to withhold the verdict on this remarkable case until the following month. As we go to press, new evidence is pouring into the office, owing to our expert secret service department, and we fully expect to startle the world by an announcement of momentous import at a near date.

In spite of this coup, our spirits were sorely tried by the sudden entrance of Mr. and Mrs. Stevens—one hour late! Due to the latter’s persuasive smile, we controlled our language. Beside, one must be cautious in the presence of three aliases. Cherrywold re-read Han’s poem for the tenth time.

“On reading this more and more,” he remarked, “I like it less and less.”

“Then read it less and less,” suggested Mr. Stevens. His wife tittered approvingly.

After that there was comparative silence, broken only by the muttered threats of Cherrywold each time he pulled out his watch. Another half-hour smoked by. Suddenly out of the darkness there appeared in the doorway a halo. With badly shaken nerves, all stared wildly at the light. Suddenly the hushed expectancy was broken.

[282]

“Well, if it isn’t little sunshine,” cried Rabnon. “And two hours late at that!”

“Then he’s the cause of all this daylight saving muddle,” asserted Mrs. Stevens. “Land sakes! Who’d think it to look at him?”

“My gosh!” yelled Cherrywold. “Aren’t we ever going to get down to work? If the rest of you don’t stop your giggling there won’t be any May issue. Now, Han, what do you want after this title; I suppose dashes?”

“No, thank you,” replied Han sweetly. “I’ll take dots.”

Eventually something was done, but no one knew exactly what nor cared much, for by that time it was far into the night and we were all three-quarters asleep. Some unknown person by the name of Briggs likes to tell people how to ruin a perfectly good day. He better look to his laurels, for he’ll have to go some to beat a new series, entitled “How to ruin a perfectly good evening,” by

CHERRYWOLD.


Yale Lit. Advertiser.

Compliments
of
The Chase National Bank

HARRY RAPOPORT

University Tailor

Established 1884

Every Wednesday at Park Avenue Hotel,
Park Ave. and 33rd St., New York

1073 CHAPEL STREET NEW HAVEN, CONN.

DORT SIX

Quality Goes Clear Through

$990 to $1495

Dort Motor Car Co.
Flint, Michigan

$1495

The Knox-Ray Company

Jewelers, Silversmiths, Stationers

970 CHAPEL STREET

(Formerly with the Ford Co.)

Steamship Booking Office

Steamship lines in all parts of the world are combined in maintaining a booking agent at New Haven for the convenience of Yale men.

H. C. Magnus
at
WHITLOCK’S

accepts booking as their direct agent at no extra cost to the traveler. Book Early

Top-Hole Approval

New golf suits. Ripping, rakish, rugged distinction! For men of taste. Knickers for links and field! And, of course, trousers for town! Three piece sport suits for good sports.

SHOP OF JENKINS

940 Chapel Street New Haven, Conn.

The Nonpareil Laundry Co.

The Oldest Established Laundry to Yale

We darn your socks, sew your buttons on, and make all repairs without extra charge.

PACH BROS.

College Photographers

1024 CHAPEL STREET
NEW HAVEN, CONN.

CHAS. MEURISSE & CO.
4638 Cottage Grove Ave., Chicago, Ill.

POLO MALLETS, POLO BALLS, POLO SADDLES and POLO EQUIPMENT of every kind

Catalog with book of rules on request

CHASE AND COMPANY

Clothing

GENTLEMEN’S FURNISHING GOODS

1018-1020 Chapel St., New Haven, Conn.

Complete Outfittings for Every Occasion. For Day or Evening Wear. For Travel, Motor or Outdoor Sport. Shirts, Neckwear, Hosiery, Hats and Caps. Rugs, Bags, Leather Goods, Etc.

Tailors to College Men of Good Discrimination

Gus Alexander
. DRESS . TAILOR . SPORTING

1123 CHAPEL STREET NEW HAVEN, CONN.

Established 1852

I. KLEINER & SON

TAILORS

1098 Chapel Street
NEW HAVEN, CONN.

Up Stairs

Only a small

measure of thought will bring the decision that it is not so strange after all that Roger Sherman photographs seem to live.

Guaranteed—“Always a Better Portrait.”

Hugh M. Beirne

227 Elm Street

Men’s Furnishings

“Next to the Gym.”

Foreign Sweaters, Golf Hose, Wool Half Hose, all of exclusive and a great many original designs.

Our motto: “You must be pleased.”

John F. Fitzgerald

Hotel Taft Bldg.

NEW HAVEN, CONN.

Motor Mart Garage

OLIVE AND WOOSTER STS.

Oils and Gasoline

Turn-auto Repair Service

The Yale Literary Magazine

has trade at 10% discount with local stores

Address Business Manager
Yale Station

Costs less per mile of service

The new Vesta in handsome hard rubber case, showing how plates are separated by isolators.

Vesta
STORAGE BATTERY

VESTA BATTERY CORPORATION
CHICAGO

The Brick Row Book Shop, Inc.

Booksellers—Importers—Print Dealers

DR. JOHNSON

A PLAY

by A. Edward Newton, Author of The Amenities of Book-collecting, and A Magnificent Farce.

We suggest that Mr. Newton’s play would look well on your shelf of 18th Century books,—and more than that, it reads well.

Lovers of Johnson will welcome this newest addition to the Johnson family.

The Brick Row Book Shop, Inc.

New York, 19 East 47th St. New Haven, 104 High St.

Princeton, 68½ Nassau Street

THE NASH SIX TOURING CAR

Five Disc Wheels and Nash Self-Mounting Carrier, $25 additional

NASH

Compare the Nash Six Touring, unit for unit, with any other car of similar price and you will be immediately impressed with its outstanding superiority. In every feature of construction and every phase of performance the Nash Six leads the field.

THE NASH MOTORS COMPANY
KENOSHA, WISCONSIN

FOURS and SIXES

Prices range from $915 to $2190, f.o.b. factory

NEW HAVEN
CONNECTICUT
522 FIFTH AVENUE
NEW YORK CITY

L’Ile Percée

The Finial of the St. Lawrence or

Gaspé Flaneries

Being a Blend of Reveries and Realities of History and Science of Description and Narrative as also

A Signpost to the Traveler

By John M. Clarke

Author of “The Heart of Gaspé”; D.Sc., Colgate, Chicago, Princeton; LL.D., Amherst, Johns Hopkins; member of the National Academy of Sciences; New York State Paleontologist.

Here is a book—the first for many years, so far as our knowledge goes—which can legitimately be compared with that classic of regional literature, Thoreau’s “Cape Cod.” Its author’s subject, like Thoreau’s, is one of the quaintest and most fascinating provincial districts of the continent; a district which has the literary advantage of being to this day less known than Cape Cod was, even at the time when Thoreau tramped its length.

Illustrated, Price $3.00.

Poems of Giovanni Pascoli

Translated by Evaleen Stein

A generous selection from work of the most permanently significant of modern Italian poets.

Price $1.50

Wind In The Pines

By Victor S. Starbuck

A volume of verse expressing the call of the open.

Price about $1.50

*** END OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK THE YALE LITERARY MAGAZINE (VOL. LXXXVIII, NO. 8) ***
Updated editions will replace the previous one—the old editions will be renamed.
Creating the works from print editions not protected by U.S. copyright law means that no one owns a United States copyright in these works, so the Foundation (and you!) can copy and distribute it in the United States without permission and without paying copyright royalties. Special rules, set forth in the General Terms of Use part of this license, apply to copying and distributing Project Gutenberg™ electronic works to protect the PROJECT GUTENBERG™ concept and trademark. Project Gutenberg is a registered trademark, and may not be used if you charge for an eBook, except by following the terms of the trademark license, including paying royalties for use of the Project Gutenberg trademark. If you do not charge anything for copies of this eBook, complying with the trademark license is very easy. You may use this eBook for nearly any purpose such as creation of derivative works, reports, performances and research. Project Gutenberg eBooks may be modified and printed and given away—you may do practically ANYTHING in the United States with eBooks not protected by U.S. copyright law. Redistribution is subject to the trademark license, especially commercial redistribution.
START: FULL LICENSE
THE FULL PROJECT GUTENBERG LICENSE
PLEASE READ THIS BEFORE YOU DISTRIBUTE OR USE THIS WORK
To protect the Project Gutenberg™ mission of promoting the free distribution of electronic works, by using or distributing this work (or any other work associated in any way with the phrase “Project Gutenberg”), you agree to comply with all the terms of the Full Project Gutenberg™ License available with this file or online at www.gutenberg.org/license.
Section 1. General Terms of Use and Redistributing Project Gutenberg™ electronic works
1.A. By reading or using any part of this Project Gutenberg™ electronic work, you indicate that you have read, understand, agree to and accept all the terms of this license and intellectual property (trademark/copyright) agreement. If you do not agree to abide by all the terms of this agreement, you must cease using and return or destroy all copies of Project Gutenberg™ electronic works in your possession. If you paid a fee for obtaining a copy of or access to a Project Gutenberg™ electronic work and you do not agree to be bound by the terms of this agreement, you may obtain a refund from the person or entity to whom you paid the fee as set forth in paragraph 1.E.8.
1.B. “Project Gutenberg” is a registered trademark. It may only be used on or associated in any way with an electronic work by people who agree to be bound by the terms of this agreement. There are a few things that you can do with most Project Gutenberg™ electronic works even without complying with the full terms of this agreement. See paragraph 1.C below. There are a lot of things you can do with Project Gutenberg™ electronic works if you follow the terms of this agreement and help preserve free future access to Project Gutenberg™ electronic works. See paragraph 1.E below.
1.C. The Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation (“the Foundation” or PGLAF), owns a compilation copyright in the collection of Project Gutenberg™ electronic works. Nearly all the individual works in the collection are in the public domain in the United States. If an individual work is unprotected by copyright law in the United States and you are located in the United States, we do not claim a right to prevent you from copying, distributing, performing, displaying or creating derivative works based on the work as long as all references to Project Gutenberg are removed. Of course, we hope that you will support the Project Gutenberg™ mission of promoting free access to electronic works by freely sharing Project Gutenberg™ works in compliance with the terms of this agreement for keeping the Project Gutenberg™ name associated with the work. You can easily comply with the terms of this agreement by keeping this work in the same format with its attached full Project Gutenberg™ License when you share it without charge with others.
1.D. The copyright laws of the place where you are located also govern what you can do with this work. Copyright laws in most countries are in a constant state of change. If you are outside the United States, check the laws of your country in addition to the terms of this agreement before downloading, copying, displaying, performing, distributing or creating derivative works based on this work or any other Project Gutenberg™ work. The Foundation makes no representations concerning the copyright status of any work in any country other than the United States.
1.E. Unless you have removed all references to Project Gutenberg:
1.E.1. The following sentence, with active links to, or other immediate access to, the full Project Gutenberg™ License must appear prominently whenever any copy of a Project Gutenberg™ work (any work on which the phrase “Project Gutenberg” appears, or with which the phrase “Project Gutenberg” is associated) is accessed, displayed, performed, viewed, copied or distributed:
This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere in the United States and most other parts of the world at no cost and with almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org. If you are not located in the United States, you will have to check the laws of the country where you are located before using this eBook.
1.E.2. If an individual Project Gutenberg™ electronic work is derived from texts not protected by U.S. copyright law (does not contain a notice indicating that it is posted with permission of the copyright holder), the work can be copied and distributed to anyone in the United States without paying any fees or charges. If you are redistributing or providing access to a work with the phrase “Project Gutenberg” associated with or appearing on the work, you must comply either with the requirements of paragraphs 1.E.1 through 1.E.7 or obtain permission for the use of the work and the Project Gutenberg™ trademark as set forth in paragraphs 1.E.8 or 1.E.9.
1.E.3. If an individual Project Gutenberg™ electronic work is posted with the permission of the copyright holder, your use and distribution must comply with both paragraphs 1.E.1 through 1.E.7 and any additional terms imposed by the copyright holder. Additional terms will be linked to the Project Gutenberg™ License for all works posted with the permission of the copyright holder found at the beginning of this work.
1.E.4. Do not unlink or detach or remove the full Project Gutenberg™ License terms from this work, or any files containing a part of this work or any other work associated with Project Gutenberg™.
1.E.5. Do not copy, display, perform, distribute or redistribute this electronic work, or any part of this electronic work, without prominently displaying the sentence set forth in paragraph 1.E.1 with active links or immediate access to the full terms of the Project Gutenberg™ License.
1.E.6. You may convert to and distribute this work in any binary, compressed, marked up, nonproprietary or proprietary form, including any word processing or hypertext form. However, if you provide access to or distribute copies of a Project Gutenberg™ work in a format other than “Plain Vanilla ASCII” or other format used in the official version posted on the official Project Gutenberg™ website (www.gutenberg.org), you must, at no additional cost, fee or expense to the user, provide a copy, a means of exporting a copy, or a means of obtaining a copy upon request, of the work in its original “Plain Vanilla ASCII” or other form. Any alternate format must include the full Project Gutenberg™ License as specified in paragraph 1.E.1.
1.E.7. Do not charge a fee for access to, viewing, displaying, performing, copying or distributing any Project Gutenberg™ works unless you comply with paragraph 1.E.8 or 1.E.9.
1.E.8. You may charge a reasonable fee for copies of or providing access to or distributing Project Gutenberg™ electronic works provided that:
• You pay a royalty fee of 20% of the gross profits you derive from the use of Project Gutenberg™ works calculated using the method you already use to calculate your applicable taxes. The fee is owed to the owner of the Project Gutenberg™ trademark, but he has agreed to donate royalties under this paragraph to the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation. Royalty payments must be paid within 60 days following each date on which you prepare (or are legally required to prepare) your periodic tax returns. Royalty payments should be clearly marked as such and sent to the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation at the address specified in Section 4, “Information about donations to the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation.”
• You provide a full refund of any money paid by a user who notifies you in writing (or by e-mail) within 30 days of receipt that s/he does not agree to the terms of the full Project Gutenberg™ License. You must require such a user to return or destroy all copies of the works possessed in a physical medium and discontinue all use of and all access to other copies of Project Gutenberg™ works.
• You provide, in accordance with paragraph 1.F.3, a full refund of any money paid for a work or a replacement copy, if a defect in the electronic work is discovered and reported to you within 90 days of receipt of the work.
• You comply with all other terms of this agreement for free distribution of Project Gutenberg™ works.
1.E.9. If you wish to charge a fee or distribute a Project Gutenberg™ electronic work or group of works on different terms than are set forth in this agreement, you must obtain permission in writing from the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation, the manager of the Project Gutenberg™ trademark. Contact the Foundation as set forth in Section 3 below.
1.F.
1.F.1. Project Gutenberg volunteers and employees expend considerable effort to identify, do copyright research on, transcribe and proofread works not protected by U.S. copyright law in creating the Project Gutenberg™ collection. Despite these efforts, Project Gutenberg™ electronic works, and the medium on which they may be stored, may contain “Defects,” such as, but not limited to, incomplete, inaccurate or corrupt data, transcription errors, a copyright or other intellectual property infringement, a defective or damaged disk or other medium, a computer virus, or computer codes that damage or cannot be read by your equipment.
1.F.2. LIMITED WARRANTY, DISCLAIMER OF DAMAGES - Except for the “Right of Replacement or Refund” described in paragraph 1.F.3, the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation, the owner of the Project Gutenberg™ trademark, and any other party distributing a Project Gutenberg™ electronic work under this agreement, disclaim all liability to you for damages, costs and expenses, including legal fees. YOU AGREE THAT YOU HAVE NO REMEDIES FOR NEGLIGENCE, STRICT LIABILITY, BREACH OF WARRANTY OR BREACH OF CONTRACT EXCEPT THOSE PROVIDED IN PARAGRAPH 1.F.3. YOU AGREE THAT THE FOUNDATION, THE TRADEMARK OWNER, AND ANY DISTRIBUTOR UNDER THIS AGREEMENT WILL NOT BE LIABLE TO YOU FOR ACTUAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, CONSEQUENTIAL, PUNITIVE OR INCIDENTAL DAMAGES EVEN IF YOU GIVE NOTICE OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
1.F.3. LIMITED RIGHT OF REPLACEMENT OR REFUND - If you discover a defect in this electronic work within 90 days of receiving it, you can receive a refund of the money (if any) you paid for it by sending a written explanation to the person you received the work from. If you received the work on a physical medium, you must return the medium with your written explanation. The person or entity that provided you with the defective work may elect to provide a replacement copy in lieu of a refund. If you received the work electronically, the person or entity providing it to you may choose to give you a second opportunity to receive the work electronically in lieu of a refund. If the second copy is also defective, you may demand a refund in writing without further opportunities to fix the problem.
1.F.4. Except for the limited right of replacement or refund set forth in paragraph 1.F.3, this work is provided to you ‘AS-IS’, WITH NO OTHER WARRANTIES OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR ANY PURPOSE.
1.F.5. Some states do not allow disclaimers of certain implied warranties or the exclusion or limitation of certain types of damages. If any disclaimer or limitation set forth in this agreement violates the law of the state applicable to this agreement, the agreement shall be interpreted to make the maximum disclaimer or limitation permitted by the applicable state law. The invalidity or unenforceability of any provision of this agreement shall not void the remaining provisions.
1.F.6. INDEMNITY - You agree to indemnify and hold the Foundation, the trademark owner, any agent or employee of the Foundation, anyone providing copies of Project Gutenberg™ electronic works in accordance with this agreement, and any volunteers associated with the production, promotion and distribution of Project Gutenberg™ electronic works, harmless from all liability, costs and expenses, including legal fees, that arise directly or indirectly from any of the following which you do or cause to occur: (a) distribution of this or any Project Gutenberg™ work, (b) alteration, modification, or additions or deletions to any Project Gutenberg™ work, and (c) any Defect you cause.
Section 2. Information about the Mission of Project Gutenberg™
Project Gutenberg™ is synonymous with the free distribution of electronic works in formats readable by the widest variety of computers including obsolete, old, middle-aged and new computers. It exists because of the efforts of hundreds of volunteers and donations from people in all walks of life.
Volunteers and financial support to provide volunteers with the assistance they need are critical to reaching Project Gutenberg™’s goals and ensuring that the Project Gutenberg™ collection will remain freely available for generations to come. In 2001, the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation was created to provide a secure and permanent future for Project Gutenberg™ and future generations. To learn more about the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation and how your efforts and donations can help, see Sections 3 and 4 and the Foundation information page at www.gutenberg.org.
Section 3. Information about the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation
The Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation is a non-profit 501(c)(3) educational corporation organized under the laws of the state of Mississippi and granted tax exempt status by the Internal Revenue Service. The Foundation’s EIN or federal tax identification number is 64-6221541. Contributions to the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation are tax deductible to the full extent permitted by U.S. federal laws and your state’s laws.
The Foundation’s business office is located at 809 North 1500 West, Salt Lake City, UT 84116, (801) 596-1887. Email contact links and up to date contact information can be found at the Foundation’s website and official page at www.gutenberg.org/contact
Section 4. Information about Donations to the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation
Project Gutenberg™ depends upon and cannot survive without widespread public support and donations to carry out its mission of increasing the number of public domain and licensed works that can be freely distributed in machine-readable form accessible by the widest array of equipment including outdated equipment. Many small donations ($1 to $5,000) are particularly important to maintaining tax exempt status with the IRS.
The Foundation is committed to complying with the laws regulating charities and charitable donations in all 50 states of the United States. Compliance requirements are not uniform and it takes a considerable effort, much paperwork and many fees to meet and keep up with these requirements. We do not solicit donations in locations where we have not received written confirmation of compliance. To SEND DONATIONS or determine the status of compliance for any particular state visit www.gutenberg.org/donate.
While we cannot and do not solicit contributions from states where we have not met the solicitation requirements, we know of no prohibition against accepting unsolicited donations from donors in such states who approach us with offers to donate.
International donations are gratefully accepted, but we cannot make any statements concerning tax treatment of donations received from outside the United States. U.S. laws alone swamp our small staff.
Please check the Project Gutenberg web pages for current donation methods and addresses. Donations are accepted in a number of other ways including checks, online payments and credit card donations. To donate, please visit: www.gutenberg.org/donate
Section 5. General Information About Project Gutenberg™ electronic works
Professor Michael S. Hart was the originator of the Project Gutenberg™ concept of a library of electronic works that could be freely shared with anyone. For forty years, he produced and distributed Project Gutenberg™ eBooks with only a loose network of volunteer support.
Project Gutenberg™ eBooks are often created from several printed editions, all of which are confirmed as not protected by copyright in the U.S. unless a copyright notice is included. Thus, we do not necessarily keep eBooks in compliance with any particular paper edition.
Most people start at our website which has the main PG search facility: www.gutenberg.org.
This website includes information about Project Gutenberg™, including how to make donations to the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation, how to help produce our new eBooks, and how to subscribe to our email newsletter to hear about new eBooks.